scholarly journals Protein-synthesizing function of the liver of cows at experimental fasciolosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
D. V. Frejuk ◽  
V. V. Stybel

Cattle fasciolosis is quite widespread in the world, including in Ukraine. Animal blood proteins, being in close functional connection with proteins of various tissues, reflect the changes that occur in the tissues and organs of the body during disorders of their metabolic processes caused by pathological factors. The aim of the study was to investigate the level of total protein and its fractions in the blood of cows in experimental fasciolosis. 12 cows of 4–5 years of age, black-spotted breed, were selected for experiment, out of which 2 groups were formed, six animals in each. Animals in the control group were clinically healthy. Animals of the experimental group were experimentally infected with adolescents. During the research, the rules of compulsory experiments were followed - selection and keeping of analogue animals in groups. The cows' diet was balanced in terms of nutrients and minerals. In the study of protein-sensitizing function of the liver of cows, it was found that during fasciolosis invasion, the content of total protein decreased by 13.8 %. These changes were due to a decrease in albumin and an increase in globulins. Thus, in fasciological invasion of cows, the level of albumin in the serum decreased by 24.4 %, and the level of globulins increased by 7.9 %. The value of the albumin / globulin ratio in the blood of infested cows with the causative agent of fasciolosis is quite indicative. It was found that the albumin-globulin ratio in the blood of cows of the experimental group was probably lower compared to the control group of animals. This value of the coefficient, of course, indicates the suppression of protein-synthesizing function of the liver in these periods of research. In the future it is planned to investigate the functional state of the liver of cows with experimental fasciolosis.

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (100) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
S. О. Slobodian ◽  
B. V. Gutyj ◽  
D. F. Gufriy ◽  
P. S. Hnativ ◽  
S. D. Murska

In the conditions of modern technogenic pollution of the environment, environmental problems, improving the quality of livestock products and their food safety is an important and urgent issue today. Pollution of the environment with heavy metals due to man-made activities of the population has led to a number of problems of agricultural production. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of sodium selenite and feed additive “Metisevit plus” on the protein-synthesizing function and functional state of the liver of rats in lead-cadmium intoxication. It was found that the level of total protein in the blood of rats exposed to cadmium and lead was reduced. These changes were due to a decrease in albumin levels and an increase in globulin levels. Thus, hypoproteinemia resulting from cadmium and lead poisoning may indicate impaired hepatic protein synthesis. Transamination enzymes play a major role in the relationship between protein and carbohydrate metabolism, which is important for switching the oxidation of energy substrates from glucose to amino acid energy nutrition, which is extremely important under the influence of various environmental factors. The most active transaminases are aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. In the study of the activity of aminotransferases in the serum of rats treated with lead acetate and cadmium chloride, an increase in the activity of enzymes in all periods of the study. The highest activity of aminotransferases was on days 21 and 28 of the experiment in the control group of rats, which carried out the combined load of cadmium and lead. Thus, the load of the body of animals with cadmium and lead contributes to the violation of the functional state and protein-synthesizing function of the liver of animals of the experimental groups. With the introduction of sodium selenite into the body of rats, the activity of ALT and AST in the serum of the first experimental group was slightly reduced compared with the control group. However, the activity of these enzymes did not reach physiological values. When setting the feed additive “Metisevit plus” throughout the experiment, it was found that the activity of aminotransferases in the serum of rats of the second experimental group ranged within physiological values. This is due to the hepatoprotective effect of the components of the feed additive “Metisevit Plus”. In the study of protein-synthesizing function of rat liver in experimental lead-cadmium toxicosis, it was found that after application to rats of the first experimental group of sodium selenite on days 14, 21 and 28, the level of total protein in serum gradually increased, but did not reach physiological values. Using the feed supplement “Metisevit plus” rats of the second experimental group, found a slightly higher level of total protein in their blood, which on the 28th day of the experiment reached physiological values and, accordingly, amounted to 66.8 ± 1.99 g/l. It should be noted that when administering the feed additive “Metisevit plus” protein-synthesizing liver function and liver function of rats of the second experimental group were restored faster than when administering sodium selenite to the first experimental group.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
B. Gutyj ◽  
A. Ostapiuk ◽  
N. Kachmar ◽  
O. Stadnytska ◽  
O. Sobolev ◽  
...  

In the article are considered issues related to the study of the effect of cadmium on the body of birds, in particular laying hens. The effect of cadmium sulfate at doses of 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg body weight on protein synthesis function and functional state of the liver were investigated of cross-laying Hysex white hens, of 78 weeks old. Three groups of chickens were formed: two experimental and one control groups. The laying hens of the experimental groups were subjected to a cadmium load. Laying chickens of the first experimental group were given cadmium sulfate at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg body weight. Laying chickens of the second experimental group were given cadmium sulfate at a dose of 4.0 mg/kg body weight. Laying chickens in the control group were in the normal diet without cadmium. Increased activity of aminotransferases, in particular alanine and aspartate aminotransferases in their serum of hens, was observed during cadmium binge drinking in doses of 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg body weight, respectively. These changes indicate a violation of the functional state of the liver of laying hens under conditions of cadmium load. In the study of protein synthesis of the liver of laying hens under conditions of cadmium loading, it was found that cadmium sulfate in the above doses contributed to a significant decrease in the level of total protein by 14, 21 and 30 days of the experiment. The reduction of total protein in the blood of laying hens was due to a decrease in the level of albumin, which in the second experimental group, respectively, decreased to 28.16 ± 0.75%, whereas in the first – 29.62 ± 0.98%. In the study of the level of globulins, it is possible to increase this indicator in both experimental groups of poultry for 21 days. Drinking with water cadmium sulfate at a dose of 4.0 mg/kg body weight was associated with a more likely decrease in total protein and albumin than drinking cadmium sulfate at a lower dose.


2020 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Inna R. Kilmetova ◽  
◽  
Igor A. Rodin ◽  
Nazira I. Khayrullina ◽  
Nikolay G. Fenchenko ◽  
...  

Summary. The disbalanced feeding and the uneven distribution of micro- and macroelements in the environment leads to a trace element, in particular hypomelanosis. To accelerate the growth and preservation of young farm animals include in the diet of various biological additives and drugs, which include selenium. For stimulation of weight gain in the livestock industry, as well as for the prevention and treatment of pathological processes in addition to micro - and macrouse amino acids, primarily methionine. The aim of this work was to study the influence of composition of DAFS-25+Polizon on morpho-biochemical parameters of blood and functional state of the liver in fattening bulls of black-motley breed in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Experiments using were conducted on bull-calves of black-motley breed of the properties in the properties age from 6 to 15 months. The first experimental group during the experiment was additionally given the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg, the animals of the control group received a standard diet. To assess the impact of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon on metabolism cattle studied morphological and biochemical indicators of blood and conducted histological examination of the liver. It is established that the use of the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg increases the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the experimental group and reduces the amount of white blood cells. The serum content of total protein, phosphorus and calcium increases in the group of experimental animals. Microscopic examination of the liver revealed no changes in the structure of the organ and hepatocytes in the experimental group, whereas in the control group hemodynamic disorders and dystrophic changes in liver cells were observed. Thus, the use of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg of live weight in fattening bulls black-and-white breed contributes to the increase of redox processes in the body, stimulation of metabolism, prevent the development of liver disorders of cellular mechanisms of metabolism, optimizes the structure of the liver, which generally provides higher productivity.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Vladimir Nikulin ◽  
Aleksandra Mustafina

The aim of the study is to increase the productive qualities of broiler chickens by including ultrafine silicon oxide into main diet. During the experiment, the biological effect of ultrafine silicon oxide on broiler chickens was estab-lished. Use of ultrafine SiO2 particles for poultry feeding contributed to an increase in the number of red blood cells and content of total protein and albumins. By the end of the experiment, the number of red blood cells in birds in-creased by 17.43% (P≤0.001) – in the blood of birds of the first experimental group, 16.51% (P≤0.01) – the second one, 20.80% (P≤0.001) – the third experimental and 21.71% (P≤0.001) – the fourth experimental group, compared with the indicator of the control group. The amount of total protein in blood serum of chickens of the first and the second experimental groups increased by 1.36-1.39 %, in the third and fourth ones there was a significant (P≤0.05) increase by 5.45 and 3.05%, respectively. The blood glucose content of chickens in the experimental groups is higher by 8.04-23.65% compared to this indicator with ones in the control group. During the experiment feed con-sumption per 1 kg gain of live weight decreased: in the first experimental group by 3.00 % in the second by – 0.50 %, the third – 6.00 % the fourth– by 4.50 %, compared to this with the control group. The chicken’s vibrancy of the first the experimental group was higher by 4.77 %, the second – by 6.20 %, the third – by 19.25 % and the fourth– by 11.59% than in the control one. Consequently, when converting the feed energy into the body energy of a broiler chicken, the energy conversion coefficient of the experimental group of poultry is higher than that of the control one by 7.16-21.76 %. Thus, the most optimal dose for further research was determined.


Author(s):  
V. Sakara ◽  
A. Melnyk ◽  
F. Markhenkov

The results of the application of a complex of Zinc and Manganese chelates to protein, macro- and micro-mineral exchanges in the body of broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 cross-breed are presented. The administration of Zn and Mn chelates in a dose of 0,2 ml/l for chicken broilers of 23 days of age (1st experimental group) during 14 days influenced the increase in the total protein content to 35,3±0,8 g/l, which is 8 % higher compared with the control – 32,5±0,7 g/l (p<0,01 ) The concentration of total Calcium in serum of broiler chickens 37-day-old (end of trial) was higher in the first experimental group by 7,3 % (2,05±0,06 mmol/l) compared to control – 1,9±0,03 mmol/l. In the second group, where chelates were administered in a dose of 0,4 ml/l of water, the Calcium content was 2,0±0,02 mmol/l, which is 5 % more than the control group. The two-week application of Zn and Mn chelates also led to an increase in the level of inorganic Phosphorus in the serum of the first group to 2,6±0,12 mmol/l (+ 11,5 %) compared with the control group. After administration of chelates Zn and Mn at doses of 0,2 ml/l water, the Zinc content was higher by 4,3% (23,5±0,2 μmol/l) compared to control – 22,5±0,34 μmol/l (p<0,01). In the second group, where the dose of chelates was 0,4 ml/l, the concentration of Zinc was 23,6±0,16 μmol/l, which is more than 4,6 % for control (p<0,01). At the end of the study, the content of Manganese in serum of broiler chickens in the first group was 1,9±0,07 μmol/l (p<0,05), which is 10,4% higher compared with the control – 1,7±0,06 μmol/l (3rd sampling). The level of this element in the second group was 2,0±0,08 μmol/l (p<0,01), which is higher by 16,7 % relative to the control. At the end of the experiment, the coupon concentration in the first and second experimental groups was 12,6 and 9,3 % higher, compared with control, 7,0±0,37 μmol/l. In turn, the serum Ferrum content of the first group was greater by 9,3 % (19,3±0,69 μmol/l), and the second by 6,7 % (18,8±0,47 μmol/l) compared to the bird of the control group. Key words: chicken broilers, chelates, Zinc, Manganese, Cuprom, Ferrum, metabolism.


2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (98) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
W. S. Said ◽  
V. V. Stybel ◽  
B. V. Gutyj ◽  
O. B. Pryima ◽  
I. Y. Mazur

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of toxocariasis invasion on protein-synthesizing function and functional state of the liver of dogs. For experimental studies, 12 dogs aged from two to four months were used and two groups of six animals were formed in each: control and experimental. Puppies of the experimental group were experimentally infected with the pathogen toxocariasis at a dose of 5,000 invasive eggs of T. canis per kg of body weight. The control puppies were clinically healthy. Protein-synthesizing function of the liver of dogs in experimental toxocariasis was studied by the level of total protein and its fractions. It was found that on the 25th day of the experiment the level of total protein in the blood of the experimental group of dogs was 56.9 ± 1.47 g/l, while in the control group – 63.8 ± 2.92 g/l. The lowest level of the studied indicator was on the 30th day of the experiment in the blood of the experimental group of dogs, where it decreased by 9.6 %. The results of a study of protein fractions in the blood of dogs infested with toxocara showed that the percentage of albumin is likely to decrease. However, in the blood of infected dogs in this period of research there was a probable increase in globulin levels. The study of the effect of toxocariasis invasion on the activity of enzymes in blood serum is a test for the morphological and functional state of tissues and organs. Based on the studies, it was found that with the development of toxocariasis invasion in dogs there is an increase in alanine aminotransferase in their serum. On the 25th and 30th day of the experiment, the activity of the enzyme in the serum of infected dogs was the highest, where compared with the control group of dogs, the activity of ALT increased by 51.2 and 59.1 %, respectively. Similar changes in activity were observed in the determination of aspartate aminotransferase, where, respectively, on the 15th, 20th and 25th day of the experiment, the activity of AST in the serum of infected dogs increased by 19.3, 27.5 and 39.1 %.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (94) ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Y. Lavryshyn ◽  
B. V. Gutyj

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of cadmium load on the body of young cattle. The adverse effect of Cadmium on the liver causes a wide range of pathological changes at various levels of its organization. The purpose of the work was to investigate protein synthesize function on the liver of bulls for experimental chronic cadmium toxicity. The research was carried out on the basis of a farm at the village Ivanivtsi, Zhydachiv district of Lviv region, on 10 bulls of six months old, Ukrainian black-and-white milk breed, which were formed in 2 groups of 5 animals in each: control and experimental. Bulls of the control group were in the usual diet. Bulls of the experimental group were fed with forage with cadmium chloride at a dose of 0.04 mg/kg body weight of the animal. The research lasted for 30 days. Protein synthesize function of the liver was determined by the level of serum total protein and protein fractions. It was established that when feeding cows with feed of cadmium chloride in a dose of 0.04 mg/kg of body weight of an animal for 30 days in animals suppressed protein synthesize function of the liver, which manifests itself by lowering the total protein of blood. It reached the lowest level at the 20th day of the experiment, where, accordingly, it fluctuated within the limits of 61.9 ± 1.14 g/l. Reducing the level of total protein in the blood of the bulls of the experimental group under cadmium loading was due to lowering the level of albumin. At day 20 of the experiment, the level of albumin in the blood of animals in the experimental group decreased by 16.5%. On the background of general hypoproteinemia there is a significant imbalance between albumins and globulins in serum of diseased animals. It was established that the level of globulins increased in the blood of Bulls, which were under cadmium load. Increasing the level of globulins in blood serum of bulls reflects the intensity of inflammatory processes in their body for cadmium loading.


Author(s):  
Oksana Shkromada ◽  
Tatiana Fotina ◽  
Roman Petrov

Breeding young cattle is important, especially during the transition period from dairy feeding to concentrated dry feed. The paper presents the results of the use of biogenic metal nicotinates for weaning calves to improve metabolism in animals. The aim of research. To investigate the effect of biogenic metal nicotinates: Zn, Cu, Fe, Co, Mn on the biochemical parameters of blood in calves after weaning. Materials and methods. The study was carried out during 2021 in the conditions of LLC "Agrofirma Lan", Sumy region, Sumy district, Kindrativka, Ukraine for breeding young cattle. The calves of the experimental group were given compound feed and a premix of nicotinates of biogenic metals: Zn, Cu, Fe, Co, Mn, manufactured by PPronos Agro" (1 g per 1 kg of feed). In the control group, combined feed and a premix with metal sulfates were used for 30 days. Results. An increase in the level of total protein in the body of calves of the experimental groups was established by 16.12 % in comparison with the control (p≤0.05). Also, in experimental animals, the activity of the enzymes alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase was higher than the physiological norm, which shows an insignificant effect of nicotinates of biogenic metals on internal organs and systems. In the experimental group of calves, the level of magnesium was probably higher by 52.38 % and potassium – by 14.94 % compared to the control group (p≤0.05). It was found that the animals of the experimental groups probably had more zinc by 34.96 %; copper – by 35.72 %; iron – by 92.29 %; manganese – by 41.13 %; selenium – by 3.22 % and cobalt – by 98.33 % compared to the control (p≤0.05). Conclusions. The positive effect of the use of biogenic metal nicotinates on the metabolism of calves at weaning has been proven. It was found that the level of total protein in the body of calves of the experimental groups was probably higher by 16.12 %, magnesium - by 52.38 %; potassium - by 14.94 %. When determining the content of inorganic substances, it was found that the animals of the experimental groups probably had more zinc by 34.96 %; copper – by 35.72 %; iron – by 92.29 %; manganese – by 41.13 %; selenium – by 3.22 % and cobalt – by 98.33 % compared to the control (p≤0.05)


2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (92) ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Ivanitskaya ◽  
Ya. V. Lesyk

The aim of the study was to find out the effect of casting of citrate nanosіlicon absorption and metasilicate sodium on the hematological parameters and lipid content and their fractional composition in blood plasma preparatory period 10 days prior to insemination and 20 days of lactation. The research was carried out on 60 rabbits of the Hyla hybrid, divided into three groups (control and two experimental), with 20 animals in each. The control animals were fed without limitation full-grain granulated feed with free access to water. Animals of the first experimental group (E-I) fed the diet of the control group and during the course of the day poured out the silicon citrate obtained using the nanotechnology method, 50 mkg Si/kg body weight with water. Samples of the second experimental group (E-II) feed the diet of the control group and set the sodium metasilicate (Na2SiO3H2O) 2.5 mg Si/kg body weight with water. The trial lasted 95 days, including the preparatory period of 10 days, the trial – 85 days. In the preparatory period of 10 days from the beginning of the study and in a trial of 20 days of lactation (65 days of supplements) in the rabbits, samples of blood from the marginal ear vein were taken. Hematologic studies were performed using the automatic hematologic analyzer “Orphee Mythic 18”, in the blood plasma, the content of total lipids and their fractional composition were determined. It was established that the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin concentration in the blood of the rabbits of experimental group, which were given silicon citrate, were respectively higher by 15.2% (P < 0.05) and 12.0% (P < 0.01) by 20 days lactation versus control. This may indicate a more pronounced effect of the organic compound of silicon on the hematopoietic function of the body of the rabbits. According to white blood, the differences from control were found during the presentation of supplements with higher (P < 0.05) changes in 20 days of lactation in animal blood and experimental group. It was noted that the content of triacylglycerols in plasma of blood of groups I and II was lower by 31.2 and 32.8%, respectively (P < 0.05) compared to control. In blood plasma of animals in experimental groups an increase in the fractions of phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin and lysolecetin was observed compared to control. Such a redistribution was due to the reduction of the fractions of phosphatidic acid, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol, and apparently, is associated with changes in the activity of the enzymes concerned. Hematological studies and determination of the fractional composition of lipids and phospholipids of blood plasma of the rabbits show positive changes that contribute to the metabolic accumulation of energy and plastic components of their organism.


2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
M. I. Hariv ◽  
B. V. Gutyj

This article presents the results of research into the influence of the complex liposomal preparation Butaintervit on protein synthesis function in the livers of rats under the influence of carbon tetrachloride poisoning. Intramuscular injection of carbon tetrachloride into rats at a dose of 0.25 ml per100 gof body weight causes antigenic load on the body and leads to disruption of protein synthesis function in the liver. This is shown by reduction in blood levels of total protein and its fractions. Thus, the level of albumin in the serum of rats under the conditions of oxidative stress was 70% lower than in clinically healthy animals. However, the level of total protein in the serum was only 10% lower. This is because, along with the decrease of albumin content in the serum, the levels of globulin protein fraction increased by 8.8%. This has led to albumin/globulin disparities in the serum of sick animals. As a result, the value of A/G coefficient was 0.28 ± 0.03, compared to 0.52 ±0.02 inclinically healthy rats. For the normalization of functional state of the liver under oxidative stress it is advisable to apply the liposomal preparation Butaintervite, which in its structure contains butafosfan, interferon, thistle and vitamins A, D and E. Under conditions of oxidative stress and under the action of the liposomal preparation in the rats from the second experimental group we have found significant increase in the levels of total protein and albumins and a decrease in serum globulin in the animals on the fifth and tenth days of the experiment. On the fourteenth day of the experiment under the conditions of oxidative stress and under the action of the liposomal preparation in the rats from the second experimental group the normalization of protein synthesis function in the liver was observed. The level of indicators of total protein, albumin, globulin and the coefficient of albumin/globulin compared with the control group of animals were within normal values.


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