scholarly journals Influence of antibacterial agents on vaccine strains of Anthrax

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
H.A. Zaviryukha ◽  
U.M. Yanenko ◽  
T.B. Vasylieva
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Spore Form ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Low Toxicity

Neutralization of spore-forming pathogenic microflora is carried out by solutions of disinfectants repeatedly. Antibacterial agents when used uncontrolled can reduce the sensitivity of microorganisms and as a result cause severe complications. Of considerable interest is the combined use of antibiotics with antibacterial drugs of plant origin. The use of antimicrobial agents of plant origin is due to their low toxicity, the possibility of long-term use, greater availability and ability to biodegradation, while synthetic drugs: antibiotics, fluoroquinolones, antiseptics have strong activity. Therefore, of great interest is the combined use of antibiotics with antibacterial drugs of plant origin. The object of our study were vaccine strains of the anthrax pathogen: B. anthracis K-79Z, B. anthracis 34F2 and anthrax-like bacilli B. cereus 8035, in spore form, disinfectants – sterilium (classic pur), ethanol 96%, alcohol solutions chlorophyllipt (1%) and propolis (7%). Studies have shown that bacteria of the strain B. cereus 8035 were insensitive to disinfectants of non-vegetable origin in the native and diluted state at exposures of 30, 60, 120 minutes and 24 hours of incubation, as evidenced by the intensive growth of the culture on meat-peptone agar (MPA). In the study of the disinfecting effect of 96% ethanol and sterile on the B. anthracis K-79Z strain, it was found that after exposure for 30, 60, 120 minutes and 24 hours, bacterial growth is recorded when using the native and disinfectant. Strains B. anthracis K-79Z and B. cereus 8035 were found to be more resistant to the action of disinfectants of plant and synthetic origin. In the future, we plan to continue the study of strains of the anthrax pathogen and anthrax bacilli on the sensitivity to disinfectants and to determine the relationship between the toxigenic characteristics of the strains.

The Activity of Alkanna Species in vitro Culture and Intact Plant Extracts Against Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 1861-1865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naira Sahakyan ◽  
Margarit Petrosyan ◽  
Armen Trchounian
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Biotechnological Production ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

Overcoming the antibiotic resistance is nowadays a challenge. There is still no clear strategy to combat this problem. Therefore, the urgent need to find new sources of antibacterial agents exists. According to some literature, substances of plant origin are able to overcome bacterial resistance against antibiotics. Alkanna species plants are among the valuable producers of these metabolites. But there is a problem of obtaining the standardized product. So, this review is focused on the discussion of the possibilities of biotechnological production of antimicrobial agents from Alkanna genus species against some microorganisms including antibiotic resistant bacterial strains.

scholarly journals Аntibacterial inorganic agents: efficiency of using multicomponent systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-654
Author(s):  
А. A. Meleshko ◽  
A. G. Afinogenova ◽  
G. E. Afinogenov ◽  
A. A. Spiridonova ◽  
V. P. Tolstoy
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Nanoscale Systems ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Low Toxicity

Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are promising antibacterial agents. They have a broad antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, viruses, and protozoans. The use of NPs reduces the possibility of the microbial resistance development. This review briefly shows the general mechanisms and the main factors of antibacterial activity of NPs. In this article, a comprehensive review of the recent researches in the field of new antimicrobial agents with superior long-term bactericidal activity and low toxicity is provided. The review gives the examples of synthesis of double and triple nanocomposites based on following oxides: CuO, ZnO, Fe3O4, Ag2O, MnO2, etc. including metal and nonmetal doped nanocomposites (for example with Ag, Ce, Cr, Mn, Nd, Co, Sn, Fe, N, F, etc.). Compared with bactericidal action of individual oxides, the nanocomposites demonstrate superior antibacterial activity and have synergistic effects. For example, the antimicrobial activity of ZnO against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was increased by -100% by formation of triple nanocomposites ZnO—MnO2—Cu2O or ZnO—Ag2O—Ag2S. Similar effect was showed for Ce-doped ZnO and Zn-doped CuO. The present article also provides the examples of nanocomposites containing NPs and organic (chitosan, cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, biopolymers, etc.) or inorganic materials with special structure (graphene oxide, TiO2 nanotubes, silica) which demonstrate controlled release and longterm antibacterial activity. All of the considered nanocomposites and their combinations have a pronounced long-term antimicrobial effect including against antibiotic-resistant strains. They are able to prevent the formation of microbial biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces, have low toxicity to eukaryotic cells, demonstrate anti-inflammatory and woundhealing properties in compositions with polymers (sodium alginate, collagen, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc.). The use of nanoscale systems can solve several important practical problems at the same time: saving of long-term antimicrobial activities while reducing the number of compounds, creation of new antimicrobial agents with low toxicity and reduced environmental impact, development of new biocidal materials, including new coatings for effective antimicrobial protection of medical devices.

scholarly journals Polymeric Antimicrobial Food Packaging and Its Applications

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianqi Huang ◽  
Yusheng Qian ◽  
Jia Wei ◽  
Chuncai Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Food Borne Pathogens ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Growth Of Bacteria

Food corruption and spoilage caused by food-borne pathogens and microorganisms is a serious problem. As a result, the demand for antibacterial drugs in food packaging is growing. In this review, biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials for food packaging are discussed based on their properties. Most importantly, antibacterial agents are essential to inhibit the growth of bacteria in food. To keep food fresh and prolong the shelf life, different kinds of antibacterial agents were used. The composition and application of natural antibacterial agents and synthetic antibacterial agents are discussed. Compared with natural antibacterial agents, synthetic antibacterial agents have the advantages of low cost and high activity, but their toxicity is usually higher than that of natural antibacterial agents. Finally, future development of antimicrobial food packaging is proposed. It is an urgent problem for researchers to design and synthesize antibacterial drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity.

The application of cell-penetrating-peptides in antibacterial agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hangfei Chen ◽  
Dheerendranath Battalapalli ◽  
Mohamed S. Draz ◽  
Pengfei Zhang ◽  
Zhi Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cell Penetrating Peptides ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Cell Penetrating ◽  
Low Toxicity

: Multidrug resistance in bacteria is a major threat to global health and the effective prevention and treatment of infections. The urgent need for novel antimicrobial agents, together with the increasing challenges in discovering and developing effective antibiotics, has inspired new approaches and strategies to circumvent antibiotic resistance. Despite this effort, the difficulty in cell-penetration and delivery of antibiotics into bacterial cells remains the bottleneck for both traditional and non-traditional antibacterial agents to realize their full potential. Recently, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have attracted considerable attention as low-toxicity carriers, promising to improve the low biological activity of traditional antimicrobial agents. CPPs are now extensively used to deliver various antibiotics, including recently developed agents such as antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs). The conjugation of CPPs to antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can also greatly enhance antibacterial activity and may present an effective approach to developing novel antimicrobial agents. This review discusses the characteristics, designing strategies, and recent progress in the development and application of antimicrobial CPPs as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals Some mechanisms of immunotropic and adaptogenous effect of phytopreparations

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Julia V. Shur ◽  
Vladimir Yu. Shur ◽  
Marina A. Samotrueva
Keyword(s):  
Immune Status ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Low Toxicity

The article presents a review of the literature on the use of a variety of herbal remedies, showing pronounced immunotropic and adaptogenic properties, as correctors of violations of the immune status, developing in various pathological conditions. The information about the advantages of the use of drugs of plant origin in comparison with synthetic drugs, such as "soft" immunomodulatory effect, low toxicity, beneficial effect on metabolic processes, a wide range of biological effects due to the ability of herbal remedies to activate the functions of not only immune but also neuroendocrine systems. In addition, the article discusses some of the mechanisms of immunometabolic, antioxidant and adaptogenic effects of some herbal remedies, which serve as the basis for further study of their biological properties in order to expand the possibilities of phytopreparations in the arsenal of modern pharmacology.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Agents Adsorbed on Active Carbon: A New Approach for S. aureus and E. coli Pathogen Elimination

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1066
Author(s):  
Ewa Burchacka ◽  
Katarzyna Pstrowska ◽  
Elżbieta Beran ◽  
Hanna Fałtynowicz ◽  
Katarzyna Chojnacka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Antibiotic Overuse ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pathogen Elimination

Antibiotic overuse and mass production have led to a global problem with the treatment of antibacterial infections. Thus, any possibility to limit the number of antibacterial drugs used will contribute to a decrease in the development of pathogenic bacterial resistance. In this study, the enhanced bacterial growth reduction of pharmaceutical activated carbon (PAC) material with adsorbed antimicrobial agents compared to the activity of pure antibacterial drugs was investigated. Sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) at a concentration of 1.1 mg/mL retained the growth of S. aureus and E. coli at 20.5% and 26.5%, respectively, whereas SMZ adsorbed on PAC increased the reduction of the tested bacteria in the range of 47–72%. The use of PAC with adsorbed gentamycin (G) over 24 h improved the effectiveness of E. coli growth reduction by 50% compared to the application of pure antibiotic (3.6 µg/mL). The increased reduction of S. aureus growth by 6% using G with PAC for a 24-h incubation time compared to the use of pure antibiotics at a concentration of 3.6 µg/mL was observed. The results provide proof-of-principle that the new approach of activated carbon with adsorbed antimicrobial agents could yield an attractive background with potential as a new starting material for S. aureus and E. coli pathogen elimination, e.g., in wound-healing treatment in the future.

Discovery of Antibacterial Agents Inhibiting the Energy-Coupling Factor (ECF) Transporters by Structure-Based Virtual Screening

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Diamanti ◽  
Inda Setyawati ◽  
Spyridon Bousis ◽  
leticia mojas ◽  
lotteke Swier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Screening ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Energy Coupling ◽  
Coupling Factor ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Screening Design ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vitamin Uptake

Here, we report on the virtual screening, design, synthesis and structure–activity relationships (SARs) of the first class of selective, antibacterial agents against the energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporters. The ECF transporters are a family of transmembrane proteins involved in the uptake of vitamins in a wide range of bacteria. Inhibition of the activity of these proteins could reduce the viability of pathogens that depend on vitamin uptake. Because of their central role in the metabolism of bacteria and their absence in humans, ECF transporters are novel potential antimicrobial targets to tackle infection. The hit compound’s metabolic and plasma stability, the potency (20, MIC Streptococcus pneumoniae = 2 µg/mL), the absence of cytotoxicity and a lack of resistance development under the conditions tested here suggest that this scaffold may represent a promising starting point for the development of novel antimicrobial agents with an unprecedented mechanism of action.<br>

Antistaphylococcal activity of carbonic acid extract of hops

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-300
Author(s):  
V.V. Nevmerzhitsky ◽  
V.Yu. Ivannik ◽  
V.V. Kazmirchuk ◽  
T.N. Moiseenko ◽  
T.A. Volkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Antistaphylococcal Activity ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Main Disadvantage

The fight against staphylococcal infection, increasing the effectiveness of methods of prevention and treatment of diseases of staphylococcal etiology is of interest to scientists and practitioners, both in Ukraine and around the world. The urgency of this problem is growing rapidly, as there is a tendency to increase the resistance of not only staphylococci, but also other gram-positive bacteria. The spread of methicillin-resistant staphylococci restricts the choice of antibiotics for the treatment of diseases of staphylococcal etiology. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common and dangerous type, which is one of the main factors of purulent-inflammatory lesions of the skin and mucous membranes. As a result of mutations, pathogenic staphylococci acquired resistance to antibacterial drugs. The main disadvantage of modern antibiotics is their non-selectivity. As a result of mutations, pathogenic staphylococci acquired resistance to antibacterial drugs. The main disadvantage of modern antibiotics is their non-selectivity. One of the unique and promising medicinal plants, which contains a rich complex of biologically active substances (BAS), is common hops (Humulus lupulus L.). The complex of BAS (flavonoids, hormones, vitamins, bitter, phenolic compounds, essential oils) causes anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, hyposensitizing and analgesic action of hops. The purpose of this work is to determine the antistaphylococcal activity of the carbon dioxide extract of hops and to justify the development on its basis of new antimicrobial agents for the prevention and treatment of infectious and purulent-inflammatory diseases. The following methods were used: microbiological (method of diffusion into agar (well method)) and mathematical and statistical. The high antimicrobial activity of the carbon dioxide extract of hops has been established for museum test strains of the genus Staphylococcus. The results of the studies testify to the prospects of further study of the bactericidal properties of the extract of hops carbon dioxide with the aim of creating effective antimicrobial agents on its basis for the prevention and treatment of infectious and purulent-inflammatory diseases of staphylococcal etiology.

scholarly journals Facile Use of ZnO Nanopowders to Protect Old Manual Paper Documents

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 5452
Author(s):  
Ludmila Motelica ◽  
Aurelian Popescu ◽  
Anca-Gabriela Răzvan ◽  
Ovidiu Oprea ◽  
Roxana-Doina Truşcă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Accessible Method

One of the main problems faced by libraries, archives and collectors is the mold degradation of the paper-based documents, books, artworks etc. Microfungi (molds) emerge in regular storage conditions of such items (humidity, usually over 50%, and temperatures under 21 °C). If the removal of the visible mycelium is relatively easy, there is always the problem of the subsequent appearance of mold as the spores remain trapped in the cellulosic, fibrillary texture, which acts as a net. Moreover, due to improper hand hygiene bacteria contamination, old books could represent a source of biohazard, being colonized with human pathogens. An easy and accessible method of decontamination, which could offer long term protection is therefore needed. Here, we present a facile use of the ZnO nanopowders as antimicrobial agents, suitable for cellulose-based products, conferring an extended antibacterial and anti-microfungal effect. The proposed method does not adversely impact on the quality of the cellulose documents and could be efficiently used for biodegradation protection.

scholarly journals Toxic or Not Toxic, That Is the Carbon Quantum Dot’s Question: A Comprehensive Evaluation with Zebrafish Embryo, Eleutheroembryo, and Adult Models

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1598
Author(s):  
Chih-Yu Chung ◽  
Yu-Ju Chen ◽  
Chia-Hui Kang ◽  
Hung-Yun Lin ◽  
Chih-Ching Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zebrafish Embryo ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Fish Embryo ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Low Toxicity

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are emerging novel nanomaterials with a wide range of applications and high biocompatibility. However, there is a lack of in-depth research on whether CQDs can cause acute or long-term adverse reactions in aquatic organisms. In this study, two different types of CQDs prepared by ammonia citrate and spermidine, namely CQDAC and CQDSpd, were used to evaluate their biocompatibilities. In the fish embryo acute toxicity test (FET), the LD50 of CQDAC and CQDSpd was about 500 and 100 ppm. During the stage of eleutheroembryo, the LD50 decreased to 340 and 55 ppm, respectively. However, both CQDs were quickly eliminated from embryo and eleutheroembryo, indicating a lack of bioaccumulation. Long-term accumulation of CQDs was also performed in this study, and adult zebrafish showed no adverse effects in 12 weeks. In addition, there was no difference in the hatchability and deformity rates of offspring produced by adult zebrafish, regardless of whether they were fed CQDs or not. The results showed that both CQDAC and CQDSpd have low toxicity and bioaccumulation to zebrafish. Moreover, the toxicity assay developed in this study provides a comprehensive platform to assess the impacts of CQDs on aquatic organisms in the future.

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