scholarly journals Antipersonnel landmines in the Colombian internal conflict: implications for technology development

DYNA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (212) ◽  
pp. 144-154
Author(s):  
Jesus Antonio Vega Uribe ◽  
Hichem Sahli ◽  
Alain Gauthier Sellier
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Humanitarian Demining ◽  
Antipersonnel Landmines ◽  
Antipersonnel Mines ◽  
Design And Construction

The effort of universities, companies, and the state in Colombia to face home-made AP landmines has generated useful solutions and studies for many projects developed in the last decade, including demining processes in Colombia. Antipersonnel mines have changed in the last 15 years, due to the intermittent nature of our internal conflict. For example, as Descontamina Colombia mentions on its website, non-state armed groups cut the detonator containing the primary explosive to decrease the metal in the mine. This paper shows the aspects of the conflict that have affected humanitarian demining in Colombia, which help in the design and construction of technological devices. This article does not attempt to describe each of the typical technologies in humanitarian demining processes, but rather to show the characteristics considered in the design of two detection devices aimed at detecting home-made AP landmines.

scholarly journals The Shia armed groups and the future of Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
Kardo Rached ◽  
Ahmed Bali
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
The State ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Armed Group ◽  
The Future ◽  
Weberian Theory ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe rising and acceleration of the Shia armed group in Iraq, Syria, Yemen, and Lebanon require a deep understanding of the root of the multi-dimensional conflicts in the Middle East. An appropriate and sufficient approach to the research about these militias would be from a viewpoint of an internal conflict rather than an external conflict. The legitimization of the existence of the majority of these militias, if not all of them, is the fight and the struggle against an entity which is the Sunni sect, that would assimilate them rather than integrating them peacefully. In this article, we try to identify the impact of the Shia militias in Iraq on the formation of the future of this country. We maintain that these armed groups will be a destabilizing factor for Iraq and its neighbors, and they will worsen and deepen the sectarian division in the Middle East. We assess these different groups from different perspectives, for example, using the Weberian theory that the state is the only entity that has a monopoly of violence; Ariel Ahram’s model of state-sponsored and government-sponsored militias; and finally the devolution of violence to these armed groups.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENYELESIAN SENGKETA INTERNAL LEMBAGA NEGARA (STUDI KASUS PELANTIKAN PIMPINAN DEWAN PERWAKILAN DAERAH REPUBLIK INDONESIA PERIODE 2017-2019)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Yanzah Bagas Nugraha ◽  
Dwi Andayani Budisetyowati
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
State Institution ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Leadership Tenure ◽  
The People ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Republic

The establishment of the Regional Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia so called Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD-RI) at least has two objectives. The first is to enhance justice for the people in the region. Secondly, to expanding and increasing the participation of local communities in national life. The process to form this state institution is done by amending the 3rd amendment of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic Indonesia. However, in doing that  amendment there was an internal conflict within the body of DPD-RI involving the old and the new leaders of this institution last year. The length of leadership tenure which was initially made 5 years was amended to became 2.5 years. The different length of leadership tenure was then canceled by the Supreme Court and it was decided to be the same as other institution such as The People’s Consultative Assembly and The House of Representative in that the leadership tenure should be in accordance with the electoral cycle of 5 years. However, although the regulation of DPD-RI has been canceled, the Supreme Court keeps sending its representative to guide the oath of position of the new DPD-RI leadership. The only regulation that has been introduced by the state was regulation toward conflict between state institutions and this conflict can merely be resolved by the Constitutional Court. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the state to seek solution to solve this problem to prevent the same thing happened to other state institution in the future.

Training of future labor teachers and technologies to formulate key competencies among their students

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3A) ◽  
pp. 385-393
Author(s):  
Oleksii Debre ◽  
Nadiia Vakulenko ◽  
Anastasiia Savchenko ◽  
Larysa Lysenko ◽  
Marianna Kondor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Professional Competencies ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Active Listening ◽  
Listening Skills ◽  
Engineering And Technology ◽  
Labor Training ◽  
Key Competencies ◽  
Definition Of

The relevance of the study of the relationship between professional competencies of the future teacher of technology and the formation of students' key subject competencies. The study aims to determine the system of preparation of future teachers of labor education and technology. A sociological survey among 700 students of specialty 014.10 Secondary education (Labor training and technology) based on Poltava V.G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University (Ukraine). The correlation of the subject competencies defined in the standard with the professional competencies of a teacher was determined: fluency in the state language - generalization of previously learned material, ability to communicate in the native (with a difference from the state) and foreign languages - consolidation of learned material, mathematical competence - development of the ability to self-learn, competence in natural sciences, engineering, and technology - development of active listening skills, innovation - storage of large amounts of information. The practical significance of the study was the provision of recommendations on the model of formation of subject student competence through the definition of its basic principles.

PLATFORMS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FINANCIAL MARKET IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-99
Author(s):  
Polina S. Chernyshova ◽  
◽  
Vyacheslav V. Burlakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Market ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Russian Economy

Significant changes taking place in the economic life of the state and society are associated with the active and widespread development and spread of the digital economy. The Internet, personal computers, smartphones, mobile communications, artificial intelligence, robotics and much more have become an integral part of the life of our society. The digital economy development has a significant impact both on the economy as a whole and on its individual segments: the engineering and technology development is accelerating, the boundaries between various fields of activity are blurring and significant changes in the activities of enterprises and workers are taking place. Thanks to digitalization, it became possible to identify various risks which are associated with activities and which can have a negative impact on the development of the entire financial market. One of the markets actively involved in the development of digital technologies is the financial market, which is a combination of the credit, investment, insurance, and stock sectors. In fact, the financial market is a significant indicator of the state of the entire Russian economy. In connection with the above, it is not accidental in the strategy of the Bank of Russia that it strives to develop platforms for the “digitalization” of the financial market. The development of platforms is necessary to create a competitive and trusting environment in the financial market, to maintain its stable financial condition, as well as to ensure the capital and financial services availability. In addition, the development of such platforms provides significant economic and financial benefits for variSignificant changes taking place in the economic life of the state and society are associated with the active and widespread development and spread of the digital economy. The Internet, personal computers, smartphones, mobile communications, artificial intelligence, robotics and much more have become an integral part of the life of our society. The digital economy development has a significant impact both on the economy as a whole and on its individual segments: the engineering and technology development is accelerating, the boundaries between various fields of activity are blurring and significant changes in the activities of enterprises and workers are taking place. Thanks to digitalization, it became possible to identify various risks which are associated with activities and which can have a negative impact on the development of the entire financial market. One of the markets actively involved in the development of digital technologies is the financial market, which is a combination of the credit, investment, insurance, and stock sectors. In fact, the financial market is a significant indicator of the state of the entire Russian economy. In connection with the above, it is not accidental in the strategy of the Bank of Russia that it strives to develop platforms for the “digitalization” of the financial market. The development of platforms is necessary to create a competitive and trusting environment in the financial market, to maintain its stable financial condition, as well as to ensure the capital and financial services availability. In addition, the development of such platforms provides significant economic and financial benefits for various participants in the financial market, which will positively affect the entire economy development.

Observing Stigmatization Attitudes Towards Ex-Combatants in Colombia's Postconflict

2021 ◽  
pp. 232-252
Author(s):  
Sergio Barbosa ◽  
Lina Maria Franco Acosta ◽  
Javier Cárdenas Diaz ◽  
Juan Federico Pino Uribe
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Previous Review ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Specific Definition

The authors propose a working definition of stigmatization towards ex-combatants from organized armed groups outside the law in Colombia's internal conflict and empirically validate a questionnaire to assess stigmatization. First, they offer a brief review of different concepts of stigmatization, mainly stemming from psychology and sociology. Second, based on the previous review, they will offer a specific definition of stigmatization directed towards ex-combatants in the Colombian internal conflict. This definition encompasses social distance, label attribution, and emotional reactions towards the stigmatized group. Further, they present the validated scale to measure these attitudes in a non-representative sample of 289 people in 34 Colombian counties. Finally, they describe the psychometric properties of this scale as a way to measure stigmatization against ex-combatants in the Colombian internal conflict to be used in interventions aimed at attenuating this stigmatization and favoring their return to civilian society.

The state and internal conflict

2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Jackson
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Internal Conflict

State neglect fosters global illicitly-governed spaces

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
The State ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Basic Goods ◽  
Economic Aid

Subject The effect of illicitly-governed spaces Significance Spaces where armed groups are equally, or more present than the state often tend to go unnoticed unless they garner media attention with high-profile violence. There, such groups exert authority over local populations and engage in illegal business activities. These operations allow them to accumulate power and resources potentially to stage attacks elsewhere. Targeting these spaces and restoring legitimate governance are necessary to deprive armed groups of social support and end illegal businesses. Impacts Providing basic goods and services would help authorities regain legitimacy in illicitly-governed regions. However, cracking down on illicit activities, such as smuggling, could deprive some communities of their only source of income. Economic aid and development would, therefore, need to accompany any such clampdowns.

Myanmar armed groups eye leverage through 2020 poll

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Peace Process ◽  
The State ◽  
General Election ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Content Type ◽  
China And India ◽  
Ethnic Parties ◽  
National League ◽  
Step Down ◽  
The Government

Subject Situation regarding Myanmar's ethnic armed organisations. Significance The government and military in Myanmar and leaders of ten ethnically based guerrilla groups that have signed the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) last week pledged to step up their commitment to the peace process, to transform the NCA into a lasting settlement. Several other armed groups are still in conflict with the state, notwithstanding occasional ceasefires. State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi’s National League for Democracy (NLD) will very likely retain control over the civilian part of government following this year’s general election, but ethnic parties will probably make parliamentary gains at its expense. Impacts Suu Kyi is very unlikely to face pressure to step down even if the NLD’s parliamentary majority is heavily reduced. Even with increased seat share in parliament, ethnic parties will struggle to influence policy. China and India will double down on their support for the Myanmar military.

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