scholarly journals INVESTIGATIONS OF APPLYING BIOLOGICAL PRODUCT BIOKAL1 ON POTATO CROPS WITH SPECIFIC EQUIPMENT LECHLER DROPLEGUL FOR SPRAYING UNDER THE LEAVES OF CULTURAL PLANTS

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Povilas ŠNIAUKA ◽  
Remigijus ZINKEVIČIUS
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Conical Flow ◽  
Potato Growth ◽  
Flat Flow ◽  
Potato Crops

The application of insecticides and fungicides on the underside of leaves is performed with a help various technological solutions, seemingly as the application of soil herbicides and liquid mineral fertilizers that are sprayed under the leaves of cultural plants. This task is performed using straight spraying pipes with slit (symmetrical and asymmetrical flow) nozzles, stream conical flow nozzles, or specific curved (e. g. Lechler DroplegUL) nozzles that enable diagonal spraying upwards. The objective of the research was to identify the potato coverage differences spraying the biological product biokal1 with specific equipment Lechler DroplegUL for spraying the biological product under the leaves and various nozzles. In earlier stages of potato growth, the specific equipment Lechler DroplegUL and deflection nozzles Lechler FT 1.0 for spraying the product under the leaves of cultural plants better covers potato stems and the underside of upper leaves. In the control group, where the ultimate slit flat flow nozzles Hardi ISO F/LD-05-110 were used, droplets of the biological product covered 4.8±1.7 % of potato stem area only, the DroplegUL and three nozzles (LU-120-02 from the top and two deflection nozzles Lechler FT 1.0 from the bottom) covered even 55.8±39.1 %. Accordingly, plants of the control group had only 0.1±0.1 % of the underside area of the upper leaves covered with the product, while using DroplegUL and three nozzles such area reached 1.5±1.1 %. In later stages of potato growth, specific equipment Lechler DroplegUL with deflection nozzles Lechler FT 1.0 for spaying under the leaves of cultural plants better covered the underside of upper leaves of potatoes only. The usage of double flow nozzles Lechler DF-120-02 on DroplegUL and ultimate slit flat flow nozzles LU-120-02 on a spraying boom gave rather small differences in coverage of the surface compared the control group, where the ultimate slit flat flow nozzles Hardi ISO F/LD-05-110 were used.

scholarly journals The influence of methods of basic tillage and fertilizers on the content of basic nutrients in leached chernozem

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
E. V. Kuzina
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Adaptive Landscape ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Resource Saving

Relevance. The preservation, reproduction and rational use of agricultural soil fertility is the main condition for the stable development of the agro-industrial complex. Mechanical tillage systems, the use of mineral and microbiological fertilizers are one of the main links in adaptive landscape farming systems. In the conditions of a sharp decrease in the rates of fertilizer application, an increase in the imbalance of elements of mineral nutrition of plants observed in recent years in agroecosystems, the function of improving the regimes of chernozems, preserving their fertility is designed to perform resource-saving technologies of soil cultivation in combination with effective methods of using agrochemicals that combine environmental and economic feasibility.Methods. The experiments were laid in 2017–2019 on chernozem heavy loamy soils typical for most farms in the Ulyanovsk region. The object of the study is spring wheat, the variety Ulyanovskaya 100. The subject of the study is the methods of tillage, doses of mineral fertilizers, the biological product "BisolbiFit". The following technological methods of using the biological product were studied: seed treatment before sowing, non-root treatment of vegetating plants and a combination of these methods. The experiment was carried out on three backgrounds: N0P0K0 (control); 2) N30P30K30; 3) N60P60K60.Results. It was found that the best nitrification ability was possessed by variants with fine combback and comb-back with soil-deepening treatment, in which the weighted average content of nitrate nitrogen was 3.29–3.33 mg/100 g, which is 35–36%; 26–28%; 43–44% more than with fine, conventional non-dump and dump treatment respectively. Plowing improved the conditions of phosphorus and potassium nutrition of plants by 25–37% and 6–14% compared to other treatments. When N30P30K30 and N60 P60 K60 were applied to the soil, the content of nitrate nitrogen increased by 46 and 91%, phosphorus — by 0–14% and potassium — by 6 and 21% compared to the nonfertilized background. More effective in terms of the effect on the productivity of spring wheat were comb-shaped treatments, where the average yield was 2.89–2.94 t/ha, which exceeded the usual plowing by 0.19–0.24 t/ha. The greatest increase in yield was obtained when combining the methodsseed treatment + spraying of vegetative plants with the biological preparation "BisolbiFit". On an unfertilized background, the increase in grain yield was -0.71, on the background of N30P30K30 — 1.04, on the background of N60P60K60 — 1.56 t/ha.

scholarly journals Potato productivity depending on the use of plant growth regulator Agate-25K

2018 ◽  
pp. 162-165
Author(s):  
V. Semenchuk
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Potato Crops

Shows the results of research on the use of a biological product of Agat- 25K in potato crops. It has been established that spraying with the preparation of potato plants during the period of vegetation positively influenced their productivity. The increase in yield from the application of the preparation was 4.2 t/ha, which is 12%, the number of tubers from the 1st bush was 4.1 pieces. more than control, where spraying was not carried out.

scholarly journals MULTIFUNCTIONAL BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS FOR ORGANIC FARMING BASED ON ORGANIC WASTE AND RAW MATERIAL PROCESSING

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
О.А. Оленин ◽  
С.Н. Зудилин
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Biological Products

Развитие органического земледелия, в первую очередь, зависит от наличия органических удобрений и биопрепаратов. Цель исследований – на основе утилизации органических отходов и сырья разработать полифункциональные биопрепараты из компонентов животного и растительного происхождения и изучить их влияние на показатели агрофитоценозов и урожайность полевых и садовых культур. В работе использованы результаты исследований по разработке полифункциональных биопрепаратов, а также их эффективности на опытном поле Самарского ГАУ в 2017-2019 гг. В результате была разработана ассортиментная линейка биопрепаратов «АгроТоник» с функциями удобрения и биостимулятора роста: «Цветовод», «Садовод», «Овощевод», «Полевод», «Лесовод» и «Универсальный». «АгроТоник», в отличие от многих органических и минеральных удобрений, содержит все необходимые для растений компоненты: макро-, мезо- и микроэлементы в легкодоступной форме, микроорганизмы, стимуляторы роста – биоактивные фитогормоны, аминокислоты растительного происхождения, витамины, комплекс целлюлозолитических ферментов, почвенные антибиотики, гуминовые вещества, биоприлипатель. Многокомпонентный биопрепарат с функциями удобрения, фунгицида и бактерицида снижал пораженность растений озимой пшеницы на 16,7-27,1 %, по отношению к контролю, и на 17,4-22,6 %, по сравнению с минеральными удобрениями. Биопрепарат повышал урожайность озимой пшеницы на 7,7-25,4 % по сравнению с контролем, тогда как применение пестицида только на 5,3-11,5 %, при стоимости однократно внесенного гербицида в среднем 500,00 руб./га, а биопрепарата – 300,00 руб./га при двукратной обработке. The development of organic farming primarily depends on the availability of organic fertilizers and biological products. The goal of the research is to develop multifunctional biological products from components of animal and plant origin based on the utilization of organic waste and raw materials and to study their impact on the indicators of agrophytocenoses and the yield of field and horticultural crops. The work uses the results of research on the development of multifunctional biological products, as well as their effectiveness in the experimental field of the Samara State Agrarian University in 2017-2019. As a result, the line of "AgroTonik" biological products with the functions of fertilizer and the growth biostimulator was developed: «Tsvetovod», «Sadovod», «Ovoshchevod», «Polevod», «Lesovod» and «Universal'niy». "AgroTonik", unlike many organic and mineral fertilizers, contains all the components necessary for plants: macro -, meso- and microelements in an easily available form, microorganisms, growth stimulators – bioactive phytohormones, amino acids of plant origin, vitamins, a complex of cellulosolytic enzymes, soil antibiotics, humic substances, bio-sticking agent. The multicomponent biological product with the functions of fertilizer, fungicide and bactericide reduced the affection of winter wheat plants by 16.7-27.1 % concerning the control, and by 17.4-22.6 %, in comparison with mineral fertilizers. The biological product increased the yield of winter wheat by 7.7-25.4% compared to the control, while the use of a pesticide only by 5.3-11.5 %, with the cost of a single herbicide on average 500 rubles/ha, and a biological product – 300 rubles/ha with double treatment.

scholarly journals Ability of the soil cellulolytic bacteria to colonize endophytic niche of barley grains

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.V. Sviridova ◽  
◽  
N.I. Vorobyov ◽  
Ya.V. Pukhalsky ◽  
O.N. Kurchak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Presowing Treatment ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Barley Grains

To identify microorganisms that can penetrate into the endophytic niche of the grain of barley plants, many years of vegetative experiments were conducted on sod-podzolic soil without the use of mineral fertilizers. In the non-growing season, a biological product, consisting of cellulolytic association of bacteria with genotypic passport, decomposed barley straw. Presowing treatment of seeds was not carried out, therefore, during the growing season; local microorganisms decomposing plant residues could be present in the barley rhizosphere. After six years of rotation of barley plants, the microbiological composition of its seed niche was studied. As a result, it was found that in the seeds of barley bacteria are present in an amount of 240 ± 20 CFU/g of grain. Isolated pure cultures of microorganisms were identified as Cellulomonas gelida, Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus licheniformis by the sequence of ITS fragments of 16S rRNA. These types of bacteria were also present in the used biological product. Based on the research conducted, it can be assumed, that permanent cultivation of barley plants and sowing of seeds of the previous year can contribute to the formation of effective microbial and plant biosystems that are resistant to environmental stress.

scholarly journals Development of seed production elements of new grain beans variety Yuzhanka bred by FSBSI Federal Scientific Rice Centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 02041
Author(s):  
Grigory Pischulin ◽  
Lybov Esaulova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Agricultural Method ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Krasnodar Region

For the rapid distribution and successful cultivation of beans, it is necessary to develop methods of cultivation technology in accordance with the soil and climatic conditions of Krasnodar region. In this regard, the aim of this work was to study the efficiency of irrigation, various doses of mineral nutrition and the use of the biological product Nitragin KM on grain beans crops. The effect of pre-sowing application of mineral fertilizers under irrigation and rainfed conditions on phenological, morphological traits, yield and productivity of grain beans variety Yuzhanka has been studied. Analysis of the data on the yield of beans seeds showed that the most effective agricultural method for seed production of this crop is the introduction of mineral fertilizers on drip irrigation. With an increase in the level of mineral nutrition, the seed multiplication factor increased from 30 to 45 pcs/pcs on dry land and from 50 to 69 pcs/pcs during irrigation. The application of mineral fertilizers contributed to an increase in yields both in rainfed and irrigated conditions. The highest yield of bean seeds of variety Yuzhanka was obtained with the use of fertilizers at a dose of N30P30K30 (1,77 t/ha on dry land and 3,04 t/ha on irrigated plots).

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF A COMPLEX BIOPREPARATION BASED ON A SOMATIC EXTRACT OF TRICHINELLA AND IMUNOFAN IN EXPERIMENTAL TRICHINOSIS IN WHITE MICE

2019 ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudneva
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Somatic Antigen ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Somatic Extract ◽  
Complex Drug

The purpose of this placebo-controlled randomized laboratory study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex biological product based on the Trichinella somatic antigen (SET) at a dose of 40 μg / mouse and an immunostimulant immunofan at a dose of 1 mg / mouse for T. spiralis larvae with experimental infection with them 40 days after the last injection of drugs. The preparations were administered twice, intramuscularly in 0.2 ml of sterile saline with an interval of 48 hours to 20 animals from 2 therapeutic groups. 10 mice of the control group received a placebo. Mice were experimentally infected with T. spiralis larvae at a dose of 30 ± 5 larvae / mouse orally. After 40-45 days, a control assessment was performed to detect T. spiralislarvae. The number of larvae of the parasite in animals treated with the complex drug was reduced by 61.98%, and in mice treated with an immunostimulant - by 31.42% (calculated from the geometric mean). The largest number of Trichinella larvae was found in the control group that received placebo.According to the results of the study, a conclusion was drawn about the effectiveness of double administration of a complex immunopreparation based on SET-40 and Imunofan, as well as on the prospects and feasibility of continuing further research in search of the most promising immunoprophylactic agents, their doses and frequency of use for trichinosis.

Интенсификация биоремедиации нефтезагрязненных почв с использованием природного консорциума микроорганизмов

2021 ◽  
pp. 582-589
Author(s):  
Kalamkas B. Oralbayeva ◽  
Aliya K. Yernazarova ◽  
Medet E. Kundybayev ◽  
Spandiar A. Seitkulov ◽  
Aida S. Kistaubayeva
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Metabolic Potential ◽  
Alcaligenes Denitrificans

Currently biological methods of cleaning oily soils significantly developed as the most accessible and effective. In their basis – the use of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms (HOM) metabolic potential. At the same time, as practice shows, existing preparations containing HOM are not effective enough in extreme soil-climatic conditions, in this connection the search for indigenous strains of oil-oxidizing bacteria and the development of new biological preparations are of current interest. The aim of this work is to study the effectiveness of HOM strains for restoring the biological activity of oil-contaminated soil. A study of the microflora of unpolluted and oil-contaminated soil taken from the experimental site of the “Shymkent” oil pumping station of “KazTransOil” JSC was carried out: the total number of microorganisms was 210·106cells/g and 130·106 cells/g, respectively. From 16 НOM strains isolated from oil-contaminated soil, 3 bacterial strains were selected to create an association and use as a biological product-oil destructor – P12, P16, A8. Based on the results of genotyping, strains P12 and P16 correspond to the species Pseudomonas aeruginosa, strain A8 belongs to the species Alcaligenes denitrificans. The associations of Pseudomonas sp. P16, Pseudomonas sp. P12 and Alcaligenes sp. A8 showed better growth in comparison with monocultures on a nutrient medium with hydrocarbons. Bioremediation of artificially oil polluted site process, which carried out for 120 days using a biological product created on the basis of the association of strains P12, P16 and A8, decreased the content of hydrocarbons 3.4 times, and with additional application of mineral fertilizers (ammophos) – 4.6 times. Thus, proved the expediency of using HOM strains P12, P16, A8 for the purpose of bioremediation of oil-contaminated soils. The results of the study can be used to improve economical and environmental efficiency of work when carrying out measures to eliminate the consequences of oil spills on the ground. Биологические методы очистки нефтесодержащих почв в настоящее время имеют существенное развитие как наиболее доступные и эффективные. В их основе – использование метаболического потенциала углеводородокисляющих микроорганизмов (УОМ). При этом, как показывает практика, существующие препараты, содержащие УОМ, недостаточно эффективны в экстремальных почвенно-климатических условиях, в связи с чем актуальными являются вопросы поиска аборигенных штаммов нефтеокисляющих бактерий и разработка новых биопрепаратов. Цель работы – исследование эффективности штаммов УОМ для восстановления биологической активности нефтезагрязненного почвогрунта. Проведено изучение микрофлоры незагрязненной и нефтезагрязненной почвы, отобранной с экспериментального участка ГНПС «Шымкент» АО «КазТрансОйл»: общее количество микроорганизмов составило 210·106 кл/г и 130·106кл/г, соответственно. Из выделенных из нефтезагрязненной почвы 16 штаммов УОМ были отобраны три штамма бактерий для создания ассоциации и применения в качестве биопрепарата-нефтедеструктора – Р12, Р16, А8. По итогам генотипирования установлено, что штаммы Р12 и Р16 соответствуют виду Pseudomonas aeruginosa, штамм А8 относится к виду Alcaligenes denitrificans. Установлено, что в составе ассоциаций штаммы Pseudomonas sp. P16, Pseudomonas sp. P12 и Alcaligenes sp. A8. показали лучший по сравнению с монокультурами рост на питательной среде с углеводородами. В процессе биоремедиации участка с искусственным нефтезагрязнением, проводимой в течение 120 суток с использованием биопрепарата, созданного на основе ассоциации штаммов P12, P16 и A8, содержание углеводородов снизилось в 3,4 раза, а при дополнительном внесении минеральных удобрений (аммофоса) – в 4,6 раза. Таким образом, доказана целесообразность использования штаммов УОМ Р12, Р16, А8 с целью биоремедиации нефтезагрязненных почв. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы для повышения экономической и экологической эффективности работ при проведении мероприятий по ликвидации последствий разливов нефти на почве.

scholarly journals The Influence of Bisolbifit as a Fertilizer Modifier on the Oat Productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00161
Author(s):  
Galina Saidyasheva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Yield Gain ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
The One ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of the research was to study the effect of mineral fertilizers and biological product Bisolbi-fit as a modifier on the oat productivity. The studies were carried out on the experimental field of Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agriculture, branch of Sam SC RAS. The soil was leached, heavy-clayey chernozem. The experiment was carried out in a 3-fold repetition by the method of split plots with a systematic arrangement of options. The total area of one plot was 145 m2 (5.8×25), the accounting area was 100 m2 (4×25). The experiment scheme was as follows: 1. Control; 2. Presowing seed treatment with BisolbiFit in a dose of 400–600 g/t; 3. N15P15K15 in a dose of 15 kg ai/ha; 4. N15P15K15m in a dose of 15 kg ai/ha; 5.½ N15P15K15m in a dose of 7.5 kg a.i./ha. The effectiveness of the fertilizers was assessed during the cultivation of crops for three backgrounds: 1) zero – without fertilization; 2) NH4NO3m – treated with BisolbiFit in the dose of 40 kg a.i./ha; 3) NH4NO3 – in a dose of 40 kg ai/ha. It was established that the use of the microbiological preparation based on the Bacillus subtilis strain Ch-13, intended both for inoculation of seeds and use as a biomodifier of mineral fertilizers, had a positive effect on the crop structure, yield and grain quality. The most effective option was the one with Azofoska applied in a dose of 15 kg and modified with BisolbiFit at the rate of 4 kg per one ton of fertilizers on all the backgrounds. The use of BisolbiFit both for the pre-sowing seed treatment and treatment of mineral granules, increased the NPK payback by the yield gain.

scholarly journals The effect of macro- and micro-fertilizers on spring wheat productivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 04040
Author(s):  
V Isaychev ◽  
N Andreev ◽  
V Kostin
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Spring Wheat Variety ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of the study was to explore the effectiveness of various modifications of the preparation Megamix and complex macrofertilizers in cultivation of the spring wheat variety Ulyanovskaya 100 in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region. The factors used in the experiment contribute to a yield increase by 0.37 - 3.12 c / ha. The use of the Megamix-Zinc modification with complex mineral fertilizers gives the greatest yield increase compared with the control group which amounts to 11%. All modifications of the Megamix preparation have a positive effect on the structure elements of the spring wheat yield. The highest test weight is observed in the Megamix-Zinc option with previous application of mineral fertilizers. The increase in this indicator from the factors used was 4.8 - 18.7 g / l, depending on the option. Under the influence of the studied factors, the vitreousness of the spring wheat grain increases by 1.28 5.83%. Top dressing has a positive effect on the weight of 1000 seeds. This indicator increased by 0.49 - 2.80 grams, compared with the control option.

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