scholarly journals A „kompromisszumos választás” szerepe a fogászati kezeléssel kapcsolatos döntések során. 676 magyar önkéntes részvételével végzett vizsgálat

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (38) ◽  
pp. 1503-1509
Author(s):  
Réka Szabó ◽  
Gergely Farkas ◽  
Mária Keszeg ◽  
Gabriella Eördegh ◽  
Norbert Buzás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Informed Choice ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Compromise Effect ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Patient Side ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Introduction: The compromise effect is a well-known phenomenon in the world of marketing, but it is rarely examined in medical settings. In dental setting, the patient often has to make treatment-related decisions with price as the only available and comprehensible information to help informed choice. Aim: We sought to determine if the compromise effect plays a role in dental treatment choices, and if yes, how the effect is modified by factors such as perceived quality, professional jargon in the explanations, or the importance of keeping one’s own teeth intact. Method: 676 volunteers participated in this questionnaire-based study. The questionnaires were filled in anonymously. Altogether 8 versions of the same questionnaire were generated, in which the following information was given in varying combinations: the names of five different dental treatments from cheap to expensive, their possible prices, and additional information about the treatment. Statistical analysis: The significance of the relationship between the relative frequency of responses and the available additional information was determined by chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. Results: The respondents did not approach dental treatment-related decisions on a heuristic basis by default, most probably because of their preconceptions and previous experiences in connection with dental treatments. Esthetics turned out to be of utmost importance and expectable lifespan was also information that significantly influenced the choices. Conclusion: Extra information can and does influence informed dental treatment choice on the patient side, provided it is offered in a clear, proper, and intelligible form, which points out the importance of professional communication. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(38): 1503–1509.

Association between tumor mutational burden (TMB) and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients (pts) with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) during checkpoint immunotherapy.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 489-489
Author(s):  
Elie W. Akl ◽  
Pier Vitale Nuzzo ◽  
Elio Adib ◽  
Amin Nassar ◽  
Sarah Abou Alaiwi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
P Values ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Radiological Data ◽  
Tumor Mutational Burden ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
The Relationship

489 Background: Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has greatly improved clinical outcomes for pts with mUC and other cancers. ICI is associated with a class of AEs, deemed irAEs due to immune activation. Nonetheless, biomarkers associated with irAE are still lacking. We hypothesized that the immune response against neoantigens is partly responsible for irAEs and investigated the association between irAEs, TMB and response to ICI. Methods: We identified patients with mUC at Dana Farber Cancer Institute who were treated with ICI (monotherapy or combination) and had available tumor sequencing data through Oncopanel. TMB was calculated using the number of non-synonymous exonic mutations per megabase. The severity of irAEs was graded using CTCAE v.5.0. Mann-Whitney U test was performed to identify association between TMB, incidence and grade of irAEs. A cut-off of 10/mb was assigned for TMB. Fisher’s exact test was used to evaluate the radiologic response between pts with and without irAEs and low vs. high TMB. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the relationship between TMB, irAEs and response. p-values were adjusted using Benjamini-Hochberg method. Results: Of 101 pts with mUC who met the inclusion criteria, 32 (32%) reported irAEs. 6 (6%) were grade (G)1, 20 (20%) were G2, and 6 (6%) were G3. Median(m) time on therapy was 84 days for pts without irAEs and 88 days for pts with irAEs. Pts with irAEs had higher mTMB (15.4/mb) compared to pts with no irAEs (9.8) ( p = 0.01). In pts on monotherapy (93), those with irAEs (n=27) had a higher mTMB (15.13/mb) compared to pts with no irAEs (n=66) (mTMB = 10.20/mb) ( p = 0.01). Out of 94 pts with radiological data, response was achieved in 16 (50%) pts with irAE vs 10 (16%) pts with no irAE ( p < 0.001). When both irAE and response were included in a multivariable regression, the association between irAE and TMB was not significant ( p = 0.4). Pts with both irAE and high TMB had a response rate of 56% which was significantly higher than those with either irAE but low TMB (28.6%) or high TMB but no irAE (21.2 %) or low TMB and no irAE (10.3%) (Chi-square test p = 0.002; FDR corrected p-values for individual comparisons in Table). There was no association between TMB and irAE grade. Conclusions: Higher TMB was associated with higher incidence of irAEs in pts with mUC on ICIs. Moreover, pts with both high TMB and irAEs exhibited better response rates than those with only high TMB or irAEs, suggesting that they may provide complementary tumor and host characteristics. Further evaluation in mUC is needed to confirm this relationship between TMB, irAEs and response in a larger cohort and explore specific mutational signatures that may be associated with irAEs. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Anxiety presented by children facing dental treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-218
Author(s):  
Cícera Alane de OLIVERA ◽  
Tamara GAMA ◽  
Evalena Lima CABRAL ◽  
Camila Helena Machado da Costa FIGUEIREDO ◽  
Gymenna Maria Tenório GUÊNES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
School Of Dentistry ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Rotary Instrument

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the profile of children from 6 to 12 years of age, in relation to anxiety towards dental treatment and evaluate the main factors that trigger anxiety in this population. Methods: The sample was composed of 200 children with an average age of 8.5 years who attended the Clinic of the School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Campina Grande and the Basic Healthcare Units of the municipality of Patos, Paraíba, Brazil between June 2015 and May 2016. Anxiety was assessed using the Dental Anxiety Scale and the Venham Picture Test. The Chi-Square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to explore the level of significance of the associations between the variables Results: Anxiety was observed in the majority of children (Dental Anxiety Scale - 89% and Venham Picture Test - 70.5%) and the predominant levels were low to moderate. The child´s age group was significantly associated with anxiety (p=0.014) by the Venham Picture Test, while gender did not present this correlation. Anxiety was influenced by all the factors studied: making the appointment, waiting room, rotary instrument and periodontal scaling. Conclusion: The majority of children presented anxiety and the trigger factors: making the appointment, waiting room, rotary instrument and periodontal scaling contributed considerably to its development.

HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG IMUNISASI DENGAN KELENGKAPAN PEMBERIAN IMUNISASI DASAR PADA BAYI DI POSYANDU KELURAHAN PANIKI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS ONDONG KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SIAU TAGULANDANG BIARO

e-NERS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Revy Sarame ◽  
A. Y. Ismanto ◽  
Abram Babakal
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Immunization is the vaccine into the body in the form of weakened germs that cause the body to produce antibodies but not cause disease, even children become immune.  The research objective was to determine the relationship of maternal knowledge about immunization with complete basic immunization in infants at IHC Health Center Village Paniki working area Ondong Tagulandang Biaro Siau Islands District . The study design was cross sectional method and using Chi-Square test on the value of the Fisher Exact Test. The study was conducted on 32 mothers of infants aged 9-12 months. Sampling with a total sampling instrument in the form of a questionnaire study to determine the motherʾs knowledge and KMS (Card Towards Health) to determine the completeness of immunization. The analysis shows there is a significant relationship between maternal knowledge about immunization with complete basic immunization in infants (p = 0,000). Conclusion that mothers with a good knowledge of immunization will do complete basic immunization in children compared to mothers with less knowledge about immunization. Keywords: Knowledge mother, Completed Basic Immunization.   Abstrak: Imunisasi  adalah pemberian vaksin ke dalam tubuh berupa bibit penykit  yang  dilemahkan yang menyebabkan tubuh memproduksi antibodi tetapi tidak menimbulkan penyakit, bahkan anak menjadi kebal. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui  hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang imunisasi dengan kelengkapan pemberian imunisasi dasar pada bayi di Posyandu Kelurahan Paniki wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ondong Kabupaten Kepulauan Siau Tagulandang Biaro. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode Cross Sectional dan menggunakan  uji Chi-Square pada nilai Fisher Exact Test. Penelitian dilakukan pada 32 ibu yang memiliki bayi berusia 9-12 bulan. Pengambilan sampel secara total sampling dengan instrument penelitian berupa kuesioner untuk mengetahui pengetahuan ibu dan KMS (Kartu Menuju Sehat) untuk mengetahui kelengkapan imunisasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan  terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan ibu tentang imunisasi dengan kelengkapan pemberian imunisasi dasar pada bayi (p=0.000). Kesimpulan yaitu ibu dengan pengetahuan tentang imunisasi yang baik akan melakukan pemberian imunisasi dasar lengkap pada anaknya dibandingkan ibu dengan  pengetahuan tentang imunisasi yang kurang. Kata kunci: Pengetahuan ibu, Kelengkapan Imunisasi Dasar.

scholarly journals Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Karies pada Gigi Molar Pertama Bawah Permanen pada Anak Usia 6-8 Tahun di SDN 36 Manado

e-GIGI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avita Aulia ◽  
Paulina N. Gunawan ◽  
Shirley E. S. Kawengian
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Caries is the presence of a cavity on the tooth caused by the activity of microorganism on fermented carbohydrate. Nutritional status is resulting from food consumption, which is one of the factors that influence the occurence of dental caries. This study was aimed to obtain the relationship between nutritional status and caries in permanent lower first molar among students of SDN 36 (elementary school) Manado. This was an analytical study using a cross sectional design. There were 48 students at SDN 36 Manado aged 6-8 years in this study obtained by using total sampling technique. We used the nutritional status based on length-for-age and BMI-for-age using the z-scores WHO anthropometrical standards for children aged 5-18 years and examined the oral cavity whether there was caries in permanent lower first molars. The results showed that caries in permanent lower first molars was found in 77.1% of subjects. Nutritional status based on length-for-age showed normal category (83.3%) and short stature/stunted (16.7%). The nutritional status based on BMI-for-age showed obese category (22.9%), overweight (8.3%), normal (60.5%), wasted (8.3%), and severely wasted (0.0%). The Fisher’s Exact test and the Chi-Square test showed that the relationship between length-for-age and the occurence of caries had a p-value of 1,000 meanwhile the relationship between nutritional status based on BMI-for-age and the occurence of caries had a p-value of 0.024. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between nutritional status based on BMI-for-age and caries in the permanent lower first molars in children aged 6-8 years at SDN 36 Manado.Keywords: dental caries, permanent lower first molar, nutritional status Abstrak: Karies adalah adanya rongga pada yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas jasad renik terhadap karbohidrat yang dapat diragikan. Status gizi merupakan keadaan tubuh sebagai akibat konsumsi makanan, yang menjadi salah satu faktor yang dapat memengaruhi proses terjadinya karies gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi dengan karies gigi molar pertama bawah permanen pada anak usia 6-8 tahun di SDN 36 Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling terhadap seluruh siswa di SDN 36 Manado berusia 6-8 tahun pada tahun 2019 yang berjumlah 48 orang. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengukuran status gizi TB/U dan IMT/U berdasarkan SD dengan standar baku antropometri WHO untuk anak usia 5-18 tahun serta pemeriksaan rongga mulut untuk melihat ada tidaknya karies pada gigi molar pertama bawah permanen. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan terdapatnya karies pada gigi molar pertama bawah permanen sebesar 77,1% subyek. Status gizi berdasarkan TB/U didapatkan subyek kategori normal (83,3%) dan pendek/stunted (16,7%). Status gizi berdasarkan IMT/U didapatkan kategori obesitas (22,9%), gemuk (8,3%), normal (60,5%), kurus (8,3%), serta sangat kurus (0,0%). Hasil uji Fisher’s Exact dan uji Chi-Square menunjukkan untuk TB/U nilai p=1,000 sedangkan untuk IMT/U nilai p=0,024. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara status gizi berdasarkan IMT/U dengan karies gigi molar pertama bawah permanen pada anak usia 6-8 tahun di SDN 36 Manado.Kata kunci: karies gigi, molar pertama bawah permanen, status gizi

scholarly journals Investigation of Anti-Toxocaraand Anti-ToxoplasmaAntibodies in Patients with Schizophrenia Disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahram Khademvatan ◽  
Niloufar Khajeddin ◽  
Sakineh Izadi ◽  
Elham Yousefi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship

Objective. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship betweenToxoplasma gondiiandToxocaraspp. infections in patients with schizophrenia disorder.Method. A total of 100 patients with schizophrenia disorder and 95 healthy individuals participated in the study. Participants were tested for the presence of anti-T. gondiiand anti-Toxocaraspp. antibodies by ELISA and Western blotting. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test and Fisher9s exact test.Results. There were no differences inT. gondiiIgG seroprevalence between patients with schizophrenia and healthy individuals (P=0.1), but there were differences in seroprevalence between males and females with schizophrenia (P=0.009). In contrast,Toxocaraspp. IgG seroprevalence was greater in patients with schizophrenia disorder than in healthy individuals (P=0.02), but there were no differences in seroprevalence between men and women with schizophrenia (P=0.5). Finally, there were no differences in seroprevalence ofT. gondiiorToxocaraspp. IgG among different subtypes of schizophrenia, various age groups, residential area, or clinical course of treatment (P>0.05).Conclusion. The present study suggests that patients with schizophrenia disorder are at elevated risk ofToxocaraspp. infection. Moreover, contamination withT. gondiiis a risk factor for schizophrenia in women.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitudes of Brazilian dentists regarding dental treatment of children

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Marília Leão Goettems ◽  
Marina Sousa Azevedo ◽  
Dayane Rubin ◽  
Núbia Rubin Prietto ◽  
Laís Anschau Pauli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Pediatric Dentists ◽  
Chisquare Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Dental Professionals

OBJECTIVE: This survey assessed the attitudes of dentists regarding dental treatment of children, the barriers reported, and knowledge about the recommended age for a child’s first dental visit.METHODS: A self-applied questionnaire was sent to all dentists in Pelotas/Brazil and 187 (67.8%) were returned. The chi-square test was used to analyze categorical or nominal variables; the chisquare test for linear trend was used for the ordinal variables and Fisher’s exact test was used when the cell frequencies were small. The level of significance was set at α=0.05.RESULTS: The majority of the dentists provide dental treatment for children (123; 71.9%). Regarding the barriers to treatment of children, behavior (55.9%) and interest of parents (48.2%) were the most cited. Only 65.9% reported that children should see a dentist no later than 12 months of age. Knowledge about the recommended age was higher among pediatric dentists (p=0.03) and lower among dentists in private practice (p=0.002) and with more years of practice (p=0.02).CONCLUSIONS: Although most of the dentists treat children, barriers have been pointed out. Many of the dentists are not aware of the recommended age for the first dental visit. Given the benefits of early treatment, this attitude should be stimulated among dental professionals.

scholarly journals Overexpression of MAL2 Correlates with Immune Infiltration and Poor Prognosis in Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yue Zhong ◽  
Zhenjie Zhuang ◽  
PeiJu Mo ◽  
Qi Shang ◽  
Mandi Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Myelin and lymphocyte, T cell differentiation protein 2 (MAL2) is highly expressed in various cancers and associated with the development and prognosis of cancer. However, the relationship between MAL2 and breast cancer requires further investigation. This study aimed to explore the prognostic significance of MAL2 in breast cancer. Methods. MAL2 expression was initially assessed using the Oncomine database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used to explore the association between clinical characteristics and MAL2 expression. The prognostic value of MAL2 in breast cancer was assessed by the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to identify the biological pathways correlated with MAL2 expression in breast cancer. Besides, a single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) was used to assess the relationship between the level of immune infiltration and MAL2 in breast cancer. Results. Both bioinformatics and RT-qPCR results showed that MAL2 was expressed at high levels in breast cancer tissues compared with the adjacent tissues. The chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test indicated that MAL2 expression was related to stage, M classification, and vital status. Kaplan–Meier curves implicated that high MAL2 expression was significantly associated with the poor prognosis. Cox regression models showed that high MAL2 expression could be an independent risk factor for breast cancer. GSEA showed that 14 signaling pathways were enriched in the high-MAL2-expression group. Besides, the MAL2 expression level negatively correlated with infiltrating levels of eosinophils and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in breast cancer. Conclusion. Overexpression of MAL2 correlates with poor prognosis and lower immune infiltrating levels of eosinophils and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in breast cancer and may become a biomarker for breast cancer prognosis.

scholarly journals Characterization and clinical evaluation of microsatellite instability and loss of heterozygosity within tumor-related genes in colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyun Huo ◽  
Dandan Feng ◽  
Shuangyue Zhang ◽  
Zhenkun Li ◽  
Xiaohong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Microsatellite Instability ◽  
Loss Of Heterozygosity ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Mucinous Carcinoma ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a biomarker for better outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, this conclusion is controversial. In addition, MSs can be a useful marker for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of genes, but this finding has not been well studied. Here, we aimed to clarify the predictive value of MSI/LOH within tumor-related genes in CRC. Methods We detected MSI/LOH of MSs in tumor-related genes and the Bethesda (B5) panel by STR scanning and cloning/sequencing. We further analyzed the relationship between MSI/LOH status and clinical features or outcomes by Pearson’s Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and the Kaplan–Meier method. Results The findings indicated that the MSI rates of B5 loci were all higher than those of loci in tumor-related genes. Interestingly, MSI/LOH of 2 loci in the B5 panel and 12 loci in tumor-related genes were associated with poorer outcomes, while MSI/LOH of the B5 panel failed to predict outcomes in CRC. MSI of BAT25, MSI/LOH of BAT26 and MSI of the B5 panel showed closer relationships with mucinous carcinoma. In addition, LOH-H of the B5 panel was associated with increased lymphatic metastasis. Conclusions In summary, MSI/LOH of certain loci or the whole panel of B5 is related to clinical features, and several loci within tumor-related genes showed prognostic value in the outcomes of CRC.

IDENTIFIKASI SERTA HUBUNGAN KONSTRUKSI SUMUR GALI TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COLIFORM PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI DUSUN JIKEN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Dini Yuliansari
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Variable ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Dug Well ◽  
The Relationship

The well is one of the source water used for bathing, washing, and drinking by the citizens in Jiken Hamlet, Rarang Village, Terara Sub-District. Poor dug well construction conditions can affect the amount of coliform bacteria contained in the dug well water. The purpose of this study is to identify the construction of dug wells and the content of coliform bacteria in dug well water and determine the relationship between dug well construction and the content of coliform bacteria. This research is analytic with a cross sectional study design. The results were obtained from 11 samples of dug wells which were observed in construction and the coliform content was known that all samples did not requirements as good dug well construction. Coliform content test results showed that as many as 5 dug well water samples did not pass the clean water quality standards. The results of data analysis with the chi-square test variable construction of dug wells with coliform content variable  showed 0,172 > 0,05, then the concluded is the dug well not suitable to use by people in that area as a source of water for daily needs.

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