scholarly journals The Development of Surface Roughness and Implications for Cellular Attachment in Biomedical Applications

2001 ◽  
Vol 705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Banks ◽  
Sharon Miller ◽  
Kim de Groh ◽  
Amy Chan ◽  
Mandeep Sahota
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Atomic Oxygen ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Cleveland Clinic ◽  
Surface Textures ◽  
Grit Blasting ◽  
Cellular Attachment

AbstractThe application of a microscopic surface texture produced by ion beam sputter texturing to the surfaces of polymer implants has been shown to result in significant increases in cellular attachment compared to smooth surface implants in animal studies. A collaborative program between NASA Glenn Research Center and the Cleveland Clinic Foundation has been established to evaluate the potential for improving osteoblast attachment to surfaces that have been microscopically roughened by atomic oxygen texturing. The range of surface textures that is feasible depends upon both the texturing process and the duration of treatment. To determine whether surface texture saturates or continues to increase with treatment duration, an effort was conducted to examine the development of surface textures produced by various physical and chemical erosion processes. Both experimental tests and computational modeling were performed to explore the growth of surface texture with treatment time. Surface texturing by means of abrasive grit blasting of glass, stainless steel and polymethylmethacrylate surfaces was examined to measure the growth in roughness with grit blasting duration by surface profilometry measurements. Laboratory tests and computational modeling was also conducted to examine the development of texture on Aclar® (chlorotrifluoroethylene) and Kapton® polyimide, respectively. For the atomic oxygen texturing tests of Aclar®, atomic force microscopy was used to measure the development of texture with atomic oxygen fluence. The results of all the testing and computational modeling support the premise that development of surface roughness obeys Poisson statistics. The results indicate that surface roughness does not saturate but increases as the square root of the treatment time.

scholarly journals Influence of Relative Displacement on Surface Roughness in Longitudinal Turning of X37CrMoV5-1 Steel

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1317
Author(s):  
Michal Skrzyniarz ◽  
Lukasz Nowakowski ◽  
Edward Miko ◽  
Krzysztof Borkowski
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Roughness Parameter ◽  
Relative Displacement ◽  
Edge Radius ◽  
Shaping Process ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
Longitudinal Turning ◽  
Final Effect

The shaping process of surface texture is complicated and depends on many factors and phenomena accompanying them. This article presents the author’s test stand for the measurement of relative displacements in a tool–workpiece system during longitudinal turning. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of edge radius on the relative displacement between the tool and workpiece. The cutting process was carried out with inserts with different edge radii for X37CrMoV5-1 steel. As a result of the research, vibration charts of the tool–workpiece system were obtained. In the range of feed 0.03–0.18 mm/rev, the values of the standard deviation of relative displacements in the x-axis were obtained in the range of 0.36–0.78 μm for the insert with an edge radius of rn = 48.8 μm. As a result of the work, it was determined that for the feed value of 0.12 mm/rev for all inserts, the relative displacements are the smallest. As the final effect, the formula for forecasting the Ra roughness parameter was presented.

Submicron surface roughening of aliphatic polyamide 6,6 fabric through low temperature plasma and its effect on interfacial bonding in rubber composite

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 2029-2049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddhan Periyasamy ◽  
Krishna Prasad G ◽  
Raja ASM ◽  
Prashant G Patil
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Surface Roughening ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Nylon 6,6 ◽  
Rubber Composite ◽  
Scanning Electron

The present study aims to produce submicron surface roughening of aliphatic polyamide 6,6 (nylon 6,6) fabric using dielectric barrier discharge-based atmospheric low temperature plasma for improving the adhesion bonding with rubber. The plasma treatment was done in the time ranging from 15 s to 300 s. Formation of surface roughness on the fabric due to plasma treatment and the associated chemical changes were studied through high-resolution scanning electron microscope, geometrical surface roughness by Kawabata evaluation system surface tester, contact angle measurements and Fourier transform infrared in Attenuated total reflectance mode. Scanning electron microscope micrographs revealed the presence of submicron roughness on the nylon 6,6 fibre surface with pores of around 100 nm (0.1 µm) for the optimum treatment time of 180 s above which the pore merging effect dominated resulting in the net low surface roughness. Geometrical roughness (SMD) results were also well in agreement with the scanning electron microscope results for the roughening and the optimum effect of the plasma treatment. The control and plasma treated nylon 6,6 samples were used as reinforcements for rubber composite. The peel strength of the rubber composite, which is a measure of interfacial bonding, increased to 150% as the maximum for the optimum plasma treatment time of 180 s. Intense rubber deposits over the 180 s plasma treated samples were observed while only a few deposits of rubber were observed on the control fabric when their interfaces were examined through scanning electron microscope after peeling test.

Hydrogen Ion Beam Processing of Single Crystal Diamond Chips

1994 ◽  
Vol 354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuji Kiyohara ◽  
Iwao Miyamoto
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Etching Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Hydrogen Ions ◽  
Ion Beam Etching ◽  
Single Crystal Diamond ◽  
Before And After

AbstractIn order to apply ion beam etching with hydrogen ions to the ultra-precision processing of diamond tools, hydrogen ion beam etching characteristics of single crystal diamond chips with (100) face were investigated. The etching rate of diamond for 500 eV and 1000 eV hydrogen ions increases with the increase of the ion incidence angle, and eventually reaches a maximum at the ion incidence angle of approximately 50°, then may decrease with the increase of the ion incidence angle. The dependence of the etching rate on the ion incidence angle of hydrogen ions is fairly similar to that obtained with argon ions. Furthermore, the surface roughness of diamond chips before and after hydrogen ion beam etching was evaluated using an atomic force microscope. Consequently, the surface roughness after hydrogen ion beam etching decreases with the increase of the ion incidence angle within range of the ion incidence angle of 60°.

The Modification of Carbon Included Polyethylene Surface by Plasma Treatment for Metallizing Using a Low Pressure RF Discharge Plasma

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeou-Long Lee ◽  
Chung-Ming Liu ◽  
Kuen Ting ◽  
Wei-Kung Cheng ◽  
Takayoshi Tsuchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Discharge Plasma ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Rf Discharge ◽  
Nickel Layer ◽  
Good Adhesion ◽  
Polyethylene Surface

AbstractSurface modification of the carbon included polyethylene (semi-conductive PE) surface for metallizing using a low pressure RF discharge plasma has been carried out. The contact angle was used as a measure of the wettability of the PE surface. The roughness and the chemical bondings in PE surface layer were analized by DFM and XPS, respectively. Typical results show that the contact angle decreases from approximately 94° to below 10° after several minutes' treatment and recovers to a saturation value when it was put open to the air after treatment. The saturation value of the contact angle is smaller as the gas pressure for treatment is higher and the treatment time is longer but all are below approximately 60° which is still smaller than that of untreated. DFM and XPS results show that the surface roughness and the bondings C-O and C=O in the PE surface layer also increase with increasing the treatment time and seem to be responsible for improving the hydrophilic property of PE. After pretreatment process, nickel was coated on the PE sheet by electrodeposition method and a good adhesion between the nickel layer and the PE surface compared with that of untreated was obtained.

Enhanced Hybrid Model to Predict the Surface Roughness of Honed cylinder Bore

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Burhan Afzal ◽  
Xueping Zhang ◽  
Anil Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Functional Surface ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
Cylinder Bore

Abstract Cylinder bore honing is a finishing process that generates a crosshatch pattern with alternate valleys and plateaus responsible for enhancing lubrication and preventing gas and oil leakage in the engine cylinder bore. The required functional surface in the cylinder bore is generated by a sequential honing process and is characterized by Rk roughness parameters (Rk, Rvk, Rpk, Mr1, Mr2). Predicting the desired surface roughness relies primarily on two techniques: (i) analytical models (AM) and (ii) machine learning (ML) models. Both of these techniques offer certain advantages and limitations. AM's are interpretable as they indicate distinct mapping relation between input variables and honed surface texture. However, AM's are usually based on simplified assumptions to ensure the traceability of multiple variables. Consequently, their prediction accuracy is adversely impacted when these assumptions are not satisfied. However, ML models accurately predict the surface texture but their prediction mechanism is challenging to interpret. Furthermore, the ML models' performance relies heavily on the representativeness of data employed in developing them. Thus, either prediction accuracy or model interpretability suffers when AM and ML models are implemented independently. This study proposes a hybrid model framework to incorporate the benefits of AM and ML simultaneously. In the hybrid model, an Artificial neural network (ANN) compensates the AM by correcting its error. This retains the physical understanding built into the model while simultaneously enhancing the prediction accuracy. The proposed approach resulted in a hybrid model that significantly improved the prediction accuracy of the AM and additionally provided superior performance compared to independent ANN.

scholarly journals J111022 Changes of Surface Roughness and Surface Energy of Glass Surfaces with Gas Cluster Ion Beam Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (0) ◽  
pp. _J111022-1-_J111022-3
Author(s):  
Katsuya NAMBA ◽  
Hiroyuki SAKAKIBARA ◽  
Hedong ZHANG ◽  
Yasunaga MITSUYA ◽  
Kenji FUKUZAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam Treatment ◽  
Cluster Ion ◽  
Gas Cluster Ion Beam ◽  
Glass Surfaces

Low energy ion beam machining of ULE® substrates: Evaluation of surface roughness

2009 ◽  
Vol 86 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 497-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuro Inaba ◽  
Yuichi Kurashima ◽  
Shahjada A. Pahlovy ◽  
Iwao Miyamoto ◽  
Manabu Ando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Low Energy

scholarly journals Comparison of the Influences of Surface Texture and Boundary Slip on Tribological Performances

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiyin Lin ◽  
Baotong Li
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texture ◽  
Slip Velocity ◽  
Structure Parameters ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Slider Bearing ◽  
Boundary Slip ◽  
Surface Textures ◽  
Slip Surfaces ◽  
Texture Structure ◽  
The Relationship

Close attentions have been widely paid to the engineering textured and slip surfaces for improving bearing tribological performances. Comparison studies on the tribological characteristics of slip and textured surfaces are carried out in this work. The analysis results point out that the influences of surface texture and boundary slip on tribological performances of slider bearing are strongly similar. For the determinate surface textures, there is one and only value of slip velocity to make the tribological performances of textured and slip surfaces in agreement. The corresponding relation between the slip velocity and the texture structure parameters is also obtained, and the size of slip velocity is directly related to the texture geometry parameters including its position parameters. This study will help us to further understand the relationship between boundary slip and surface texture and also the slip phenomenon.

Surface roughness of a Co-less WC micro-die fabricated by focused-ion-beam machining

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Hosokawa ◽  
Koji Shimojima ◽  
Mamoru Mabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam
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