Structural and Morphological Study of Zirconia and Titania Sol-Gel Monolayered Films Supported on Soda-Lime Glass Substrates

2003 ◽  
Vol 782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa F. Cueto ◽  
Enrique Sánchez ◽  
Leticia M. Torres-Martínez ◽  
Gustavo A. Hirata
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Film Thinning

ABSTRACTSol-Gel, dip-coated titaniumIV and zirconiumIV dioxide monolayered films were deposited on soda-lime glass using titanium and zirconium acetylacetonates as precursors, respectively, and their structural and morphological characterization carried out. The films were heat-treated at different temperatures, 25°C, 150°C, 300°C, and 500°C and, according to Low-angle X-Ray Diffraction analyses (XRD), it was found that TiO2 (anatase) and tetragonal zirconia were present on the substrate, when heated at 500°C. Yoshida and Yajima's method, based on optical information given by the films transmittance UV-Vis spectra, was used to estimate film thickness, refractive index, and, using the Lorentz-Lorentz relationship, their volume fraction. Film thinning and phase formation with increasing temperature was observed, and both titania and zirconia films showed similar behavior during firing. Smooth films with a roughness value of around 2 nm are obtained for the two cases as indicated by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) of the surface. Also, formation temperature at around 500°C resulted in the optimum condition to obtain clean stoichiometric TiO2 and ZrO2 thin films on glass substrates as confirmed by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) measurements.

scholarly journals Characterization of TiO2 films obtained by a wet chemical process

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Sedik ◽  
Ana M. Ferraria ◽  
Ana P. Carapeto ◽  
Bouzid Bellal ◽  
Mohamed Trari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Alcoholic Solution ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Chemical Route ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wet Chemical

AbstractTiO2has an easily tunable bandgap and a great absorption dye ability being widely used in many fields and in a number of fascinating applications. In this study, a wet chemical route, particularly a sol gel method using spin-coating is adopted to deposit TiO2thin films onto soda lime glass and silicon substrates. TiO2films were prepared by using an alcoholic solution of analytical reagent grade TiCl4as titanium precursor at various experimental conditions. The accent was put on the conditions of preparation (spin time, spin speed, precursor concentration, number of coating layersetc), doping and on the post-deposit treatment namely the drying and the crystallization. The results showed a strong dependence on the drying temperature and on the temperature and duration of the crystallization. We found that the solution preparation and its color are important for getting a reproducible final product. The Raman spectra recorded at room temperature, showed the characteristic peaks of anatase which appear at 143 and around 396 cm−1. These peaks confirm the presence of TiO2.The X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify the crystalline characteristic of TiO2while the chemical states and relative amounts of the main elements existing in the samples were investigated by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The morphology of the samples was visualized by AFM. We show by this work the feasibility to obtain different nanostructured TiO2by changing the concentration of the solution. Photocatalytic activity of TiO2films was evaluated. Rhodamine B is a recalcitrant dye and TiO2was successfully tested for its oxidation. An abatement of 60% was obtained under sunlight for an initial concentration of 10 mg/l.

scholarly journals Characterization of MgO:Cd thin films grown by SILAR method

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 804-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harun Güney ◽  
Demet İskenderoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Emission Region ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Silar Method ◽  
Soda Lime Glass Substrate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cd Doping

The undoped and 1%, 2%, and 3% Cd-doped MgO nanostructures were grown by SILAR method on the soda lime glass substrate. X-ray diffractometer (XRD), ultraviolet–visible spectrometer, scanning electron microscope, photoluminescence (PL), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements were taken to investigate Cd doping effects on the structural, optical, and morphological properties of MgO nanostructures. XRD measurements show that the samples have cubic structure and planes of (200), (220) of MgO and (111), (200), and (220) of CdO. It was observed that band gaps increase with rising Cd doping rate in MgO thin film. The surface morphology of samples demonstrates that MgO nanostructures have been affected by the Cd doping. PL measurements show that undoped and Cd-doped MgO thin films can radiate in the visible emission region.

Facile Synthesis of Cu2SnSe3 Thin Film via Sol-Gel Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 1004-1005 ◽  
pp. 774-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Wan Liu ◽  
Gui Lin Chen ◽  
Wei Feng Liu ◽  
Guo Shun Jiang ◽  
Chang Fei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Absorbance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Ar Gas ◽  
Pure Cu

A low-cost non-vacuum process for fabrication of Cu2SnSe3 film by sol-gel method and knife-coating process is described. First, a certain amount of Copper (I) chloride and tin (IV) tetrachloride was dissolve into the mixture of water and alcohol and then some Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) was added to the solution to obtain based colloidal solution. Next, precursor thin layer was deposited by knife-blading technique on soda-lime glass (SLG). Finally, precursor layer was annealed at selenium flow atmosphere carried by Ar gas at 550oC. Through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectra, it is found that pure Cu2SnSe3 film was prepared successfully. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV–vis–NIR absorbance spectroscopy were used to characterize its morphology and optical bandgap.

Influence of Deposition Time and Source-Substrate Distance on Properties of CdTe Thin Films Using Close-Spaced Sublimation at Higher Source Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
pp. 325-327
Author(s):  
Xiao Yan Dai ◽  
Cheng Wu Shi ◽  
Yan Ru Zhang ◽  
Min Yao
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Deposition Time ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Source Temperature ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Substrate Distance ◽  
Cdte Thin Films

In this paper, CdTe thin films were deposited on soda-lime glass substrates using CdTe powder as a source by close-spaced sublimation at higher source temperature of 700°C. The influence of the deposition time and the source-substrate distance on the chemical composition, crystal phase, surface morphology and optical band gap of CdTe thin films was systemically investigated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and the ultraviolet-visible-near infrared absorption spectra, respectively. At the deposition time of 60 min and the source-substrate distance of 5 mm, the CdTe thin films had pyramid appearance with the grain size of 15 μm.

scholarly journals Investigation on the Selenization Treatment of Kesterite Cu2Mg0.2Zn0.8Sn(S,Se)4 Films for Solar Cell

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongyue Jiang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Yingrui Sui ◽  
Wenjie He ◽  
Zhanwu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Crystal Quality ◽  
Crystalline Quality ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Soda Lime Glass Substrate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Selenization Temperature

High-selenium Cu2Mg0.2Zn0.8Sn(S,Se)4 (CMZTSSe) films were prepared on a soda lime glass substrate using the sol–gel spin coating method, followed by selenization treatment. In this work, we investigated the effects of selenization temperature and selenization time on the crystal quality, and electrical and optical properties of CMZTSSe films. The study on the micro-structure by XRD, Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis showed that all CMZTSSe samples had kesterite crystalline structure. In addition, the crystalline quality of CMZTSSe is improved and larger Se takes the site of S in CMZTSSe with the increase of selenization temperature and selenization time. When increasing the selenization temperature from 500 to 530 °C and increasing the annealing time from 10 to 15 min, the morphological studies showed that the microstructures of the films were dense and void-free. When further increasing the temperature and time, the crystalline quality of the films began to deteriorate. In addition, the bandgaps of CMZTSSe are tuned from 1.06 to 0.93 eV through adjusting the selenization conditions. When CMZTSSe samples are annealed at 530 °C for 15 min under Se atmosphere, the crystal quality and optical–electrical characteristics of CMZTSSe will be optimal, and the grain size and carrier concentration reach maximums of 1.5–2.5 μm and 6.47 × 1018 cm−3.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization ofSb2Te3Thin Films by Coevaporation

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Lv ◽  
Songbai Hu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Xia Di ◽  
Lianghuan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrical Transport ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thin Film Surface

Deposition ofSb2Te3thin films on soda-lime glass substrates by coevaporation of Sb and Te is described in this paper.Sb2Te3thin films were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray fluorescence (XRF), atomic force microscopy (AFM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electrical conductivity measurements, and Hall measurements. The abnormal electrical transport behavior occurred fromin situelectrical conductivity measurements. The results indicate that as-grownSb2Te3thin films are amorphous and undergo an amorphous-crystalline transition after annealing, and the posttreatment can effectively promote the formation of Sb-Te bond and prevent oxidation of thin film surface.

Preparation of TiFe thin Films by Pulsed Ion Beam Evaporation

2001 ◽  
Vol 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisayuki Suematsu ◽  
Tsuyoshi Saikusa ◽  
Tsuneo Suzuki ◽  
Weihua Jiang ◽  
Kiyoshi Yatsui
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
A Current

AbstractThin films of titanium iron (TiFe) were prepared by a pulsed ion-beam evaporation (IBE) method. A pulsed ion beam of proton accelerated at 1 MV (peak) with a pulse width of 50 ns and a current of 70 kA was focused on TiFe alloy targets. Soda lime glass substrates were placed in front of the targets. Phases in the thin films were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). XRD results revealed that the thin films deposited on the glass substrates consist of a TiFe phase. Crystallized Ti-Fe thin films without oxides were successfully obtained. Surface roughness of the thin film was 0.16 m m.

Application of ultrasonic assisted soldering method to hard-to-solder material

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (19) ◽  
pp. 1840054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Yonekura ◽  
Tomoyuki Ueki ◽  
Yuki Taguchi
Keyword(s):  
Intermetallic Compound ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Xps Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Soldering Process ◽  
Fused Quartz ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted

In this study, Pb-free solders were bonded to soda-lime glass and fused quartz plates using the ultrasonic assisted soldering (UAS) method. The solder–glass interfaces were observed and analyzed to clarify the effect of the elements in the solder and glass bonding behavior. As a result, the Sn–Zn solder was bonded to glass without the intermetallic compound (IMC) layer. However, the Sn–Ag–Cu solder was not able to bond to glass even though ultrasonication was performed during the soldering process. Chemical shifts for Zn 2p and O 1s spectra were observed at the interface by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, which is attributed to the chemical bonding between the substrates and elements in solder alloy. In conclusion, O in the substrate and Zn in the solder were important to form the bond between the glass and solder.

scholarly journals Location-Optoelectronic Property Correlation in ZnO:Al Thin Film by RF Magnetron Sputtering and Its Photovoltaic Application

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6313
Author(s):  
Fang-I Lai ◽  
Jui-Fu Yang ◽  
Yu-Chao Hsu ◽  
Shou-Yi Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Hall Effect Measurement ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Optoelectronic Property ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Conductive Films ◽  
Azo Thin Film

In this study, a radio-frequency magnetron sputter system was used to deposit Al2O3 doped ZnO (AZO) thin films at room temperature, and the soda lime glass (SLG) substrates were placed at different zones relative to the center of the sample holder under the target. The samples were then analyzed using an X-ray diffractometer, Hall-effect measurement system, UV-visible spectrophotometer, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that the electrical, structural, and optical properties of AZO films strongly depend on the target racetrack. The AZO thin film grown at a location outside the racetrack not only has the most suitable figure of merit for transparent conductive films, but also retains the least residual stress, which makes it the most suitable candidate for use as a CZTSe transparent conductive layer. When applied to CZTSe solar cells, the photoelectric efficiency is 3.56%.

scholarly journals High Selectivity and Stability of Nickel Catalysts for CO2 Methanation: Support Effects

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremías Martínez ◽  
Edgar Hernández ◽  
Salvador Alfaro ◽  
Ricardo López Medina ◽  
Guadalupe Valverde Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Nickel Catalysts ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Methane Formation ◽  
Co2 Methanation ◽  
X Ray

In this work, we present an investigation concerning the evaluation of the catalytic properties of Ni nanoparticles supported on ZrO2, SiO2, and MgAl2O4 for CO2 hydrogenation to methane. The supports were prepared by coprecipitation and sol-gel, while Ni was incorporated by impregnation (10–20 wt %). X-ray diffraction, nitrogen physisorption, temperature-programmed reduction, H2 pulse chemisorption, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were the main characterization techniques employed. A laboratory fixed-bed reactor operated at atmospheric pressure, a temperature range of 350–500 °C, and a stoichiometric H2/CO2 molar ratio was used for catalyst evaluation. The most outstanding results were obtained with nickel catalysts supported on ZrO2 with CO2 conversions of close to 60%, and selectivity to methane formation was 100% on a dry basis, with high stability after 250 h of reaction time. The majority presence of tetragonal zirconia, as well as the strong Ni–ZrO2 interaction, were responsible for the high catalytic performance of the Ni/ZrO2 catalysts.

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