scholarly journals PENTOKOLAN UDANG WINDU, Penaeus monodon DENGAN KEPADATAN BERBEDA DALAM KERAMBA JARING APUNG (KJA) DI LAUT

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Syarifuddin Tonnek ◽  
Markus Mangampa ◽  
Muslimin Muslimin
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Tiger Shrimp ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Net Cages ◽  
Average Survival Rate

Produksi tokolan udang windu PL 54 menggunakan hapa pada unit keramba jaring apung (KJA) di laut telah dilakukan di Teluk Labuange, Kabupaten Barru dari bulan Mei—Juli 2002. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan padat penebaran terbaik untuk pendederan benur udang windu dalam KJA di laut. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah padat penebaran benur PL 12 sebanyak padat tebar 2.000 ekor/m2 (A), 3.000 ekor/m2 (B), dan 4.000 ekor/m2 (C) masing-masing 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan tokolan pada perlakuan 2.000 dan 3.000 ekor/m2 tidak berbeda nyata (0,57—0,65 g/ekor) (P>0,05), tetapi berbeda nyata pada padat penebaran 4.000 ekor/m2 (0,39 g/ekor) (P<0,05). Demikian pula hasil sintasan tampak tidak berbeda nyata pada padat penebaran 2.000 dan 3.000 ekor/m2 (56,8%—66%), tetapi menunjukkan perbedaan nyata pada padat penebaran 4.000 ekor/m2 (45,1%). Karena itu, padat penebaran maksimal benur PL 12 adalah 3.000 ekor/m2 untuk pendederan dalam KJA di laut.Juvenile production of tiger shrimps of post larvae was conducted in floating net cages in Labuange Bay, Barru Regency from May - July 2002. The aim of this research is to know the best stocking density of tiger shrimp post larvae in nursery rearing of floating net cages in the sea. The treatments were stocking density PL 12 (2,000 psc/m2; 3,000 psc/m2; and 4,000 psc/m2), with three replicates each. The results showed that growth of juvenile shrimps was not significantly different between stocking density 2,000 pcs/m2 and 3,000 pcs/m2 (0.57--0.65 g/pcs) (P>0.05), but significantly different with stocking density of 4,000 pcs/m2 (P<0.05). Nevertheless average survival rate of juvenile shrimps was not significant on stocking density 2,000 pcs and 3,000 pcs/m2, but significant different with stocking density of 4,000 pcs/me.Therefore, for juvenill production in floating net cages, the best (maximum) stocking density of potensial 12 is 3,000 pcs/m2.

scholarly journals Growth and survival of transfection and non-transfection tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fabricius) broodstock candidate in pond cultivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 890 (1) ◽  
pp. 012038
Author(s):  
Suwardi ◽  
H S Suwoyo
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Tiger Shrimp ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Pelleted Feed

Abstract Tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fab.) is one of important commercial species in Indonesia. Low quality of shrimp fry due to the lack of good quality broodstock availability is shrimp cultivation problem that need to be solved. The study was aimed to evaluate growth and survival rate of broodstock candidate of transfection and non-transfection tiger shrimp. The study was conducted using four ponds with 2000 m2 in size in Takalar Regency. South Sulawesi. The treatment were A = transfection tiger shrimp broodstock candidate and B = non-transfection tiger shrimp broodstock candidate. Approximately 19.0-21.9 g/ind of shrimp were reared in 60 days in 0.25 individu/m2 (500 individu/2000 m2) stocking density. Commercial pelleted feed which content 38% of protein was fed three times a day in 5-3% of body weight dosage. Measured variables were growth performance, size distribution and survival rate. The result showed that shrimp growth were no significantly different (P>0.05), while survival rate and size distribution were significantly different (P<0.05). The dominant size of transfection shrimp was 41-50 g/ind. Whereas, non-transfection shrimp was dominated by 31-40 g/ind in size (48.39%). Survival rate of tiger shrimp broodstock candidate in this study ranged from 30.80 to 64.10%.

scholarly journals STUDY ON SURVIVABILITY OF NEWLY HATCHED LARVAE OF TWO SPECIES OF PEPPERMINT SHRIMP FED WITH DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS AND DENSITIES OF LIVE FOODS

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Indra Pratama ◽  
Hatim Albasri
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
The Third ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Peppermint Shrimp ◽  
Trial Treatment ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae ◽  
Average Survival Rate

This study was aimed to evaluate different types and combinations of live foods in relation to the survivability of newly hatched Lysmata vittata and Lysmata intermedia larvae. The experiment consisted of three trials (different species, combinations, and densities of live foods) arranged in a completely randomized design. The first and second trials were subjected to L. vittata with three treatments for each trial (1A, 1B, 1C for trial-1; 1D, 1E, 1F for trial-2). The third trial consisted of two treatments (2A and 2B) tested on L. intermedia. Each treatment had three replicates. The results showed that the survival rates were low in all treatments. However, each treatment showed a significant effect (P<0.05) on the average survival rate of L. vittata and L. intermedia larvae. In the first trial, treatment 1C was the only one that had survived larvae after day 35 with 4.44% of final average survival rate (FASR). Four of the larvae reached the post-larval stage. In the second trial, treatment 1F showed a better condition than the other treatments with 5.56% FASR. Nevertheless, no larvae in the second trial had transformed to post-larval stage before the experiment ended at day 46. In the third trial, no larvae survived to reach the post-larval stage. In spite of this, treatment 2B had better daily average survival rate (DASR) than treatment 2A. This research concludes that the use of copepods as live food at an early larval stage and Artemia at a later stage is relatively more effective to improve the survival rate of peppermint shrimp larvae.

scholarly journals Mortality of Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) workers in contact with colony waste from different plant sources

2009 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.G. Lacerda ◽  
T.M.C. Della Lucia ◽  
O.L. Pereira ◽  
L.A. Peternelli ◽  
M.R. Tótola
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Atta Sexdens ◽  
Atta Sexdens Rubropilosa ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Ligustrum Japonicum ◽  
Acalypha Wilkesiana ◽  
Plant Sources ◽  
Average Survival Rate

AbstractThe objective of this work was to study the effect of colony waste on the mortality of workers of Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel colonies fed with different plant substrates. Eight nests were used; two colonies each were fed with Acalypha wilkesiana Müller.Arg, Ligustrum japonicum Thunb, Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake or a mixture of the three substrates in equal proportions. Irrespective of diet, being kept with waste led to higher mortality. However, workers that were kept in contact with waste produced by colonies fed Acalypha had higher average survival rate and later death when compared with workers from the other treatments. Workers from the Eucalyptus-fed colonies had the lowest survival rate and 50% of them died within four days of exposure to Eucalyptus waste. Trichoderma viride Pers. ex Gray, a fungus garden antagonist, and the entomopathogen Aspergillus flavus Link. ex Gray were present in the colonies supplied with all plants. The largest fungus diversity was verified in the waste of colonies fed Acalypha and the mixture of Acalypha, Ligustrum and Eucalyptus. Therefore, antibiotic properties of Acalypha did not reduce contaminant diversity but apparently minimized effects of pathogenic microorganisms present in the waste such as Asp. flavus. This may explain the highest survival rate of workers in this treatment.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTRODUCTION PROTOCOL FOR STRAWBERRY PLANTS INTO IN VITRO CULTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (86) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
O.V. Mazneva ◽  
◽  
L.V. Tashmatova ◽  
T.M. Khromova ◽  
V.V. Shakhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Strawberry Plant ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
High Viability ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Average Survival Rate

The research was conducted in order to develop an effective protocol for introducing strawberry plants into in vitro culture. The objects of the research were the most popular varieties of strawberries of domestic and foreign selection: Tsaritsa, Bereginya, Florence, Frida, Kimberly, etc. Mercurial preparations mertiolate at a concentration of 0.01% and sulema at a concentration of 0.1% were used as sterilizing agents. The isolation of explants was performed in several periods: the beginning of the growth was in February, active growth was in June, the decline of growth was in August. The studies have shown that the maximum aseptic cultures were obtained when processing strawberry plant material with mercurycontaining sulema preparation in the concentration of 0.1%. At the first stage of micropropagation, explants had a high viability during all periods of the isolation, the average survival rate for varieties was 74.8-80.7%. A significant influence of the genotype (varietal characteristics) on the survival rates of explants was noted. The number of explants suitable for cloning did not depend on the overall level of regeneration. Stabilization of the crop during winter introduction was much faster than in other periods. Using the winter term of the isolation of strawberry explants allowed to increase the yield of explants capable of further cloning, accelerate the stabilization of the culture in vitro and reduce the time for obtaining micro-plants suitable for planting in non-sterile conditions. On average, 75.2% of explants capable of further cloning for the varieties were obtained. As a result of the research, the conditions and methods for obtaining the largest number of viable sterile strawberry explants were worked out, which will be included into the process of reproduction in vitro and further research.

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN AWAL KAYU MERAH (Pterocarpus indicus Willd) PADA PLOT KONSERVASI EX-SITU DI GUNUNGKIDUL UMUR 2 TAHUN

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Yuliah Yuliah ◽  
Ari Fiani ◽  
Tri Pamungkas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Average Survival Rate ◽  
Number Of Branches

Ex-situ conservation plot of kayu merah (Pterocarpus indicus Willd) has been established in Gunungkidul in2016. The purpose of this study was to observe the early growth of kayu merah in the plot at 2 years old. The plot was laid-out in randomized complete block design consisting of 68 families, 4 tree-plot and 5 blocks with spacing of 3 m × 3 m. Genetic materials of kayu merah were collected from 3 populations namely Timor, Flores and Seram. Measurement was conducted in survival rate, tree diameter, tree height and number of branches. The result showed that the average survival rate of family was high (≥80%). Based on the populations, the survival rate of Timor, Flores and Seram were around 95%, 96% and 96.5% respectively. The average height, diameter and number of branches were 275 cm, 2.79 cm and 1.66, respectively. There were significant differences for height, diameter and number of branches among the tested families. In general, family ranking varied among the measured traits. Correlation between the traits varied among the populations. The Seram population showed the top family ranking for all the traits. It indicated that characterization in ex-situ conservation plot using genetic materials collected from the three populations was important for further conservation program of kayu merah.

scholarly journals The soft-release of captive-born Kaiser’s Mountain Newt Neurergus kaiseri (Amphibia: Caudata) into a highland stream, western Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 14259-14267
Author(s):  
Tayebe Salehi ◽  
Vahid Akmali ◽  
Mozafar Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Overall Survival Rate ◽  
International Union ◽  
Western Iran ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Mesh Bags ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Average Survival Rate

Captive breeding and reintroduction programs are important conservation tools and are used for increasing the number of plant and animal species worldwide.  The endemic Kaiser’s Mountain Newt Neurergus kaiseri is listed as Vulnerable on the Red List by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and is amended to Appendix I of the Convention of International Trade on Endangered Species (CITES).  In the present study, in order to learn about the survival ability of captive-born newts of N. kaiseri, we conducted a trial translocation of 15 two-year-old captive-born N. kaiseri into the highland stream in Sartakht Village, western Iran.  The survival rate of these newts were determined in two stages, involving early acclimatization in mesh bags and direct release in a highland brook.  In 12 surveys to the translocation site, a total of 86 individuals were identified during spring and summer.  The average survival rate during the acclimatizing phase was 98 ± 0.04 %, while an average survival rate of 12 ± 0.04 % was obtained when the newts were released in the brook.  Applying an average diurnal detection probability obtained for the Yellow Spotted Mountain Newt Neurergus derjugini, the overall survival rate in September when newts began the autumn withdrawal was 13%.  These findings demonstrate that captive-born N. kaiseri released into the wild in controlled conditions can survive during spring and summer and provide information for future reintroduction plan of this species.

scholarly journals RESPONS IMUN UDANG WINDU Penaeus monodon TERHADAP VAKSIN dsRNA VP-24 PADA DOSIS BERBEDA

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Sri Redjeki Hesti Mulyaningrum ◽  
Andi Parenrengi ◽  
Bunga Rante Tampangallo ◽  
Ike Trismawanti
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Injection Method ◽  
Tiger Shrimp ◽  
Total Hemocyte Count ◽  
Hemocyte Count

Peningkatan produksi udang windu Penaeus monodon terus diupayakan, salah satunya dengan peningkatan respons imun udang terhadap infeksi penyakit WSSV. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons imun udang terhadap pemberian vaksin dsRNA VP-24 pada berbagai dosis. Konstruksi vaksin dsRNA VP-24 dilakukan menggunakan Megascript kit dengan DNA genom VP-24 sebagai template. Vaksinasi dilakukan dengan metode injeksi pada udang windu yang berukuran rata-rata 15,88 ± 3,50 g; dosis vaksin yang diujikan adalah 0,02 µg; 0,2 µg; 2 µg; dan sebagai kontrol adalah udang yang tidak diberi vaksin. Penelitian terdiri atas empat perlakuan dosis vaksin dengan masing-masing dua ulangan dan dipelihara selama lima hari. Uji tantang dilakukan selama enam hari dengan menginjeksi virus WSSV dalam saline solution (1:3 v/v). Pengamatan terhadap sintasan udang windu dilakukan setiap hari, sedangkan penghitungan total hemocyte (THC) dan ProPO diamati pada hari I, III, dan VI setelah diinfeksi WSSV. Pada akhir pengujian dilakukan pengambilan jaringan hepatopankreas untuk analisis histopatologi. Analisis data dilakukan secara statistik dengan analisis ragam (ANOVA). Hasil yang diperoleh memperlihatkan bahwa injeksi vaksin dsRNA VP-24 dengan dosis 0,2 µg memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap sintasan dan respons imun udang windu (P<0,05). Vaksin dsRNA VP-24 dengan dosis 0,2 µg mampu memberikan sintasan udang windu P. monodon sebesar 65% dan meningkatkan respons imun udang dengan THC (1.550 x 10t sel/mL) dan ProPO (0,042 Abs).One of the efforts to increase the production of tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon is increasing the immune response against WSSV disease. This study aims to evaluate shrimp immune response to dsRNA VP-24 vaccination at various doses. The construction of dsRNA VP-24 vaccine was performed using Megascript kit with the VP-24 DNA genome as a template. The vaccination was done by injection method on shrimp sized 15.88 ± 3.50 g. The tested vaccine doses (treatments) were 0.02 ¼g; 0.2 ¼g; 2 ¼g; and unvaccinated shrimp as the control. The study consisted of four treatments of vaccine doses with two replicates for each treatment. The challenge test was performed by injecting the WSSV virus in saline solution (1:3 v/v). The observation on shrimp survival rate was done daily, while the total hemocyte count (THC) and ProPO observation were performed on the 1st day, 3rd day, and 6th day after WSSV infection. At the end of the experiment, samplings of hepatopancreas for analysis were performed. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA. The present study indicated that the injection of 0.2 ¼ g dsRNA VP-24 vaccine had a significant effect on the survival rate and immune response of shrimp (P<0.05). The dose of 0.2 ¼g dsRNA VP-24 had resulted in 65% of survival rate and increased immune response of P. monodon with THC (1,550 x 10t cell/mL) and ProPO (0.042 Abs).

scholarly journals Response of hemocytes profile in the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) against Vibrio harveyi induced by Xylocarpus granatum leaves extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 751-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Saptiani ◽  
A. Syafei Sidik ◽  
Fikri Ardhani ◽  
Esti Handayani Hardi
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Vibrio Harveyi ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Black Tiger Shrimp ◽  
Xylocarpus Granatum ◽  
Tiger Shrimp ◽  
Immersing Method

Aim: The present study investigated hemocytes profile of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) induced with Xylocarpus granatum leaves extract to protect against Vibrio harveyi infection. Materials and Methods: X. granatum leaves were chopped into small size, air-dried, and extracted with one of the following solvents: Ethanol, distilled water, and seawater, whereas each solvent was given in three different concentrations (750 ppm, 1.000 ppm, and 1.250 ppm, respectively). Extracts were induced to 60 post-larvae shrimp in each treatment (three replicates, 20 shrimp for each) by immersing method and subsequently challenged with V. harveyi. Results: This study demonstrated different effectiveness among solvents used to extract X. granatum leaves, in which distilled water showed the most effective solvent as can be seen from the lowest percentage on anorexia, lethargic, and weakened reflex of shrimp compared with another solvent, positive and negative controls. Pathological symptoms for shrimp induced by X. granatum leaves extract were minimum with the highest survival rate compared with those of positive and negative control. Total hemocyte cells and its cell constituents such as semi-granular, granular, and hyaline cells on treatment group at 1.250 ppm were higher than controls. Conclusion: Leaves extract of X. granatum extract effectively inhibited V. harveyi infection, increased survival rate, and hemocytes cell of the experimental shrimp. Distilled water extract of X. granatum at 1.250 ppm demonstrated the highest protective effect toward V. harveyi infection on P. monodon.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CALCIUM – PHOSPHOROUS WITH DIFFERENT RATIO ON NUTRIENT RETENSION AND CHANGES THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF TIGER SHRIMP JUVENILE (Penaeus monodon FABR.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainuddin Zainuddin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Tiger Shrimp ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Juvenile Shrimp

Calcium and phosphorous are two important minerals because of their functions for growth and bone mineralization as well as lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms. The study purposes were to determine the effects of calcium and phosphorus with different ratios of nutrient retention and chemical composition changes of juvenile shrimp body. Organism used in this experiment were juvenile tiger prawns with an average weight of 3.43 ± 0.05 g/fish. Stocking density was 6 fish per aquarium (size 60cmx50cmx40cm). This research was formulated according to completely randomized design with four treatments and three replicates. The treatments applied were the ratio of calcium and phosphorus in shrimp food i.e., A (Ca/P=1:0,5), B (Ca/P=1:1,0), C (Ca/P=1:1.5) and D (Ca/P=1:2,0 ). Food was served four times per day i.e. 07.00 AM, 11.00 AM, 15.00 PM, and 21.00 PM.. The juvenile tiger prawns maintained for 8 weeks. The results showed that calcium and phosphorus with different ratios in the diet did not give effect to the retention of nutrients include protein, fat, calcium, and phosphorus. While the provision of calcium and phosphorus in different ratios to changes in body chemical composition includes protein, fat and ash content of juvenile tiger prawns have a significant effect except for crude fiber and BETN not significant. The result indicated that the ratio of Ca and P with a value of 1:1.0 to 1:1.5 gave better effect in changing the chemical composition of juvenile shrimp body.Keywords: tiger shrimp juvenile, retention of nutrients, chemical composition

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