scholarly journals Forecasting rational working modes of long-operated gas-transport systems under conditions of their incomplete loading

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (8(112)) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Grudz ◽  
Yaroslav Grudz ◽  
Myroslav Iakymiv ◽  
Mykola Iakymiv ◽  
Pavlo Iagoda
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Gas Transport ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Initial Pressure ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Nonstationary Process ◽  
Optimality Criteria ◽  
Transport Systems

Prolonged operation of the gas-transport system in conditions of partial loading involves frequent changes in the volume of gas transportation, which necessitates prompt forecasting of system operation. When forecasting the modes of operation of the gas transport system, the main criterion of optimality implies the maximum volume of gas pumping. After all, in this case, the largest profit of the gas-transport company is achieved under the condition of full provision of consumers with energy. In conditions of incomplete loading of the gas-transport system caused by a shortage of gas supply, optimality criteria change significantly. First, the equipment is operated in ranges far from nominal ones which leads to growth of energy consumption. Secondly, changes in performance cause high-amplitude pressure fluctuations at the outlet of compressor stations. Based on mathematical modeling of nonstationary processes, amplitude and frequency of pressure fluctuations at the outlet of compressor stations which can cause the pipeline overload have been established. To prevent this, it was proposed to reduce initial pressure relative to the maximum one. Calculated dependence was obtained which connects the amplitude of pressure fluctuations with the characteristics of the gas pipeline and the nonstationary process. Reduction in energy consumption for transportation is due to the shutdown of individual compressor stations (CS). Mathematical modeling has made it possible to establish regularities of reduction of productivity of the gas-transport system and duration of the nonstationary process depending on the location of the compressor station on the route. With an increase in the number of shutdown compression stations, the degree of productivity decrease and duration of nonstationarity reduces The established patterns and proposed solutions will improve the reliability of a gas-transport system by preventing pipeline overload and reduce the cost of gas transportation by selecting running numbers of shutdown stations with a known decrease in productivity.

scholarly journals Challenges of Low Carbon Public Transport Systems in the Arabian Gulf City: Case of Muscat, Oman

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Elnazir Ramadan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Mass Transportation ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Public Transport System

The Arabian Gulf cities are growing. The gulf cooperation council states (GCCs) are among the richest and most urbanized in the world. As a major focus on sustainable development of cities, sustainable transportation acts to diminish the city’s energy consumption by providing a public transport system that has greater ecological obligation and societal justice. The study’s significance is to figure out the challenges in the sector of public transport in the city of Muscat. The wide spread of mass transportation plays a significant role in reducing the exhaustion of energy. Also, it contributes to make a better living experience.  Provision of sustainable public transport will prevent the increasing number of motor cars and equally accompanied environmental pollution and traffic congestion. The study is based on an in-depth quantitative and qualitative research method to explore the hindrances that are encountered in the way of building sustainable infrastructure of public transport. The findings of the study revealed that public transport system face real challenges in Gulf region, particularly in Muscat. It indicated that for the well-being of Gulf society, the use of public transportation was encouraged and most of the population have their own cars. In addition to it, cultural and social preservations are raised, mainly by the people that act against the operation of public transport system. Due to the substantial effect of clean  and  sustainable transportation  on energy consumption levels, recent years have been marked with a notable trend  towards  sustainable and  low carbon systems, particularly the mass  transportation ones.

scholarly journals Mathematical Modeling of Unsteady Gas Transmission System Operating Conditions under Insufficient Loading

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasyl Zapukhliak ◽  
Lyubomyr Poberezhny ◽  
Pavlo Maruschak ◽  
Volodymyr Grudz ◽  
Roman Stasiuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Amplitude Fluctuations ◽  
Pipeline Route ◽  
Main Gas Pipeline ◽  
System Operating

Under insufficient loading of a main gas transmission system, high-amplitude fluctuations of pressure may occur in it. A mathematical model is proposed to estimate the amplitude of pressure fluctuations in a gas pipeline along its length. It has been revealed that the shutdown of compressor stations along the gas pipeline route has a significant impact on the parameters of the unsteady transient operating conditions. The possibility of minimizing oscillation processes by disconnecting compressor stations is substantiated for the “Soyuz” main gas pipeline.

scholarly journals Reducing the energy consumption of the conveyor transport system of mining enterprises

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 00036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan Kiriia ◽  
Leonid Shyrin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Energy Capacity ◽  
Efficiency Criterion

The article deals with the actual issue of reducing the energy consumption of the mining enterprises conveyor transport system. The analysis of energy loss by conveyor belt during transportation of bulk load is given. A comparative analysis of energy losses in the cases of regulation and non-regulation of the speed of the conveyor belt is given. It was found that when regulating the speed of conveyor belt in the case of reducing the value of the load flow entering to the conveyor by half the loss of electricity for the transportation of load is reduced by 30 % compared to the unregulated speed of the belt. The energy efficiency criterion of the conveyor transport system is determined, which coincides with the specific energy capacity equal to the ratio of the average energy capacity of the transportation of load to the transport system average carrying capacity. It has also been established that for conveyor transport systems conveyor– bunker–conveyor, taking into account the downtime of conveyor equipment while regulating the speed of conveyor, energy losses are reduced by 23 %. The research results can be used to create a computer control system for the operation of conveyor transport systems.

scholarly journals Increasing the efficiency of highly concentrated coal-water fuel based on the simulation of non-Newtonian fluid flow

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 01009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliya Chernetskaya-Beletskaya ◽  
Andriy Rogovyi ◽  
Igor Baranov ◽  
Alexander Krut ◽  
Maria Miroshnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Navier Stokes Equation ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Energy Consumption Optimization ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The analysis of further prospects for increasing the efficiency of transportation of coal-water fuel in hydro-transport systems of industrial enterprises is carried out. The mathematical model of the spatial three-dimensional flow of coal-water fuel was developed on the basis of SST turbulence model based on the solution of Navier-Stokes equation. As a result of the calculation, the values of pressure loss, flow rate and velocity distribution over the cross section of the pipeline in the straight section and in the turn were determined, which allowed determining the energy consumption during coal-water fuel transportation in the industrial hydro-transport system. The performed studies allowed us to refine the mathematical model of water-coal suspension flow and, thus, improve the patterns of influence of hydro-transportation scheme and parameters of coal-water fuel on energy consumption for its supply to enterprise consumers. By means of mathematical model of non-Newtonian fluids flow, the patterns of influence of hydro-transport system parameters and transportation modes of coal-water fuel on its energy indicators in industrial hydro-transport systems are determined. The obtained results are related to reduction of energy consumption, optimization of enterprise transport network configuration and increase of efficiency of coal-water fuel transportation to enterprise energy facilities.

scholarly journals ORGANIZATION OF GAS PUMPING AGGREGATES OPERATION BASED ON THE RESULTS OF THEIR STATE DIAGNOSTICS

2015 ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
S. I. Perevoscbikov
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Gas Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Gas Pumping ◽  
Equipment Wear ◽  
Gas Supply ◽  
Simultaneous Growth ◽  
Supply Reliability

A method is presented which permitted to rationally arrange the operation of gas pumping aggregates realizing their loading for transported gas in such a way that the aggregates be not overloaded in capacity and no conditions are created for the equipment wear intensification and emergency situations occurrence. As a results of such rationalization the effectiveness of the installed gas transport system facilities use is increased with a simultaneous growth of gas supply reliability and extension of gas transport systems operation life.

scholarly journals Modelling and Assessing Energy Performance of an Urban Transport System with Electric Drives

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioan Felea ◽  
Istvan Csuzi ◽  
Eva Barla
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Urban Public Transport

Energy conservation is one of the key priorities of sustainable development strategy. Transport systems are responsible for about one third of energy consumption. As result, the identification of solutions to reduce energy consumption in these systems is essential for the implementation of the sustainable development strategies. The present work is dedicated to identifying the possibilities for a reduction in the consumption of electric energy in electric urban public transport systems, using the audit of their electricity system. After justifying the importance of these concerns, a mathematical model of the electrical energy balance of the electric urban public transport system and its components is presented. The analysis is applied to determine the losses in the system components and useful energy, based on the evaluation and energy consumption measurements. The measurements to reduce energy losses are identified and characterized under technical and economic aspect, optimal electrical energy balances being done on this basis.

High amplitude vortex-induced pulsations in a gas transport system

1995 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.C. Kriesels ◽  
M.C.A.M. Peters ◽  
A. Hirschberg ◽  
A.P.J. Wijnands ◽  
A. Iafrati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Gas Transport ◽  
High Amplitude

Heave Induced Internal Flow Fluctuations in Vertical Transport Systems for Deep Ocean Mining

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan D. A. Hannot ◽  
Jort M. van Wijk
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Vertical Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Ship Motions ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Mining System ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Ocean Mining

Deep ocean mining systems will have to operate often in harsh weather conditions with heavy sea states. A typical mining system consists of a Mining Support Vessel (MSV) with a Vertical Transport System (VTS) attached to it. The transport system is a pump pipeline system using centrifugal pumps. The heave motions of the ship are transferred to the pump system due to the riser-ship coupling. Ship motions thus will have a significant influence on the internal flow in the VTS. In this paper, the influence of heave motions on the internal flow in the VTS for a typical mining system for Seafloor Massive Sulfide (SMS) deposits in Papua New Guinea is analyzed. Data on the wave climate in the PNG region is used to compute the ship motions of a coupled MSV-VTS. The ship motions then are translated into forces acting on the internal flow in order to compute fluctuations in the internal flow. In this way, the workability of the mining system with respect to the system’s production can be assessed. Based on a detailed analysis of the internal flow in relation to ship motions, the relevance of a coupled analysis for the design of VTS is made clear. This paper provides a method for performing such analyses.

scholarly journals Trk2 Potassium Transport System in Streptococcus mutans and Its Role in Potassium Homeostasis, Biofilm Formation, and Stress Tolerance

2016 ◽  
Vol 198 (7) ◽  
pp. 1087-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gursonika Binepal ◽  
Kamal Gill ◽  
Paula Crowley ◽  
Martha Cordova ◽  
L. Jeannine Brady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Dental Biofilm

ABSTRACTPotassium (K+) is the most abundant cation in the fluids of dental biofilm. The biochemical and biophysical functions of K+and a variety of K+transport systems have been studied for most pathogenic bacteria but not for oral pathogens. In this study, we establish the modes of K+acquisition inStreptococcus mutansand the importance of K+homeostasis for its virulence attributes. TheS. mutansgenome harbors four putative K+transport systems that included two Trk-like transporters (designated Trk1 and Trk2), one glutamate/K+cotransporter (GlnQHMP), and a channel-like K+transport system (Kch). Mutants lacking Trk2 had significantly impaired growth, acidogenicity, aciduricity, and biofilm formation. [K+] less than 5 mM eliminated biofilm formation inS. mutans. The functionality of the Trk2 system was confirmed by complementing anEscherichia coliTK2420 mutant strain, which resulted in significant K+accumulation, improved growth, and survival under stress. Taken together, these results suggest that Trk2 is the main facet of the K+-dependent cellular response ofS. mutansto environment stresses.IMPORTANCEBiofilm formation and stress tolerance are important virulence properties of caries-causingStreptococcus mutans. To limit these properties of this bacterium, it is imperative to understand its survival mechanisms. Potassium is the most abundant cation in dental plaque, the natural environment ofS. mutans. K+is known to function in stress tolerance, and bacteria have specialized mechanisms for its uptake. However, there are no reports to identify or characterize specific K+transporters inS. mutans. We identified the most important system for K+homeostasis and its role in the biofilm formation, stress tolerance, and growth. We also show the requirement of environmental K+for the activity of biofilm-forming enzymes, which explains why such high levels of K+would favor biofilm formation.

Urban Design Supported by "Green" Streets - Urban Design for Financial Technology Island of Beijing "TBD"

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 2476-2479
Author(s):  
Jian Guang Yu ◽  
Jian Kun Yu ◽  
Hong Wei Ma ◽  
Lei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Implementation Strategy ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Building Maintenance ◽  
Financial Technology

Green transport is a concept to build a comprehensive urban transport system, which aims to reduce traffic congestion and energy consumption, promoting a more friendly environment and saving building maintenance costs. From the perspective of urban design, this paper focuses on how to integrate green transport into urban design and discusses the implementation strategy of green transport.

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