scholarly journals EFEITO DE PARCELAMENTO DA FERTIRRIGAÇÃO COM N E K E SALINIDADE DO SOLO NO CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE CULTIVARES DE CAFEEIRO

Irriga ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Henrique de Souza Faria ◽  
Luiz Antonio Lima ◽  
Moisés Santiago Ribeiro ◽  
Fátima Conceição Rezende ◽  
Janice Guedes Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Plant Mortality ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Lower Salinity ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Fertilizer Solution

EFEITO DE PARCELAMENTO DA FERTIRRIGAÇÃO COM N E K E SALINIDADE DO SOLO NO CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE CULTIVARES DE CAFEEIRO  Fábio Henrique de Souza Faria1; Luiz Antônio Lima2; Moisés Santiago Ribeiro2;Fátima Conceição Rezende2; Janice Guedes Carvalho3 1Departamento de Ciências Agráririas, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Janaúba, MG,  [email protected] de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, [email protected]; 3Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras-MG                                                        1 RESUMO  A cafeicultura irrigada tem tido grande expansão devido aos ótimos resultados de técnicas como a fertirrigação. Pode-se propiciar rápido crescimento inicial das plantas, porém, a salinidade excessiva da solução nutritiva pode causar limitação do crescimento e mortalidade das plantas. O N e o K são os principais elementos aplicados em cobertura com dose recomendada de 4 gplanta-1 mês-1, respectivamente. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o crescimento inicial de plantas de cafeeiro ‘Catuaí’ e ‘Catucaí’ e a salinidade do solo resultante da fertirrigação com N (uréia) e K (KCl) na dosagem supracitada, parcelada a cada 2, 4, 6 e 8 semanas. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação da UFLA/DEG, Lavras-MG, com plantas em vasos de 13 L irrigadas à tensões entre 20 e 30 kpa durante 24 semanas. Avaliou-se a condutividade elétrica (CE) da solução fertilizante e do solo, altura de planta e diâmetro de caule para ciclos de 8 semanas. Os resultados indicaram que a dose de fertilizante foi excessiva, causando a mortalidade das plantas após 2 ciclos, à exceção do controle. As cultivares  toleraram salinidade do solo  CEea = 1,2 dS m-1. Apesar da CE da solução aplicada ser elevada, os resultados se mostraram superiores aos de trabalhos similares com solução de NaCl  para níveis inferiores de salinidade. UNITERMOS: irrigação, café, fertilização, condutividade elétrica  FARIA, F. H. S.; LIMA, L. A.; RIBEIRO, M. S.; REZENDE, F. C.; CARVALHO, J. G. EFFECTS OF N AND K FERTIRRIGATION FRACTIONAL AND SOIL SALINITY ON COFFEE VARIETIES GROWTH.  2 ABSTRACT Irrigated coffee production has expanded because of the excellent results of techniques such as fertigation. It can provide rapid initial growth; however, the salinity of excessive nutrient solution can limit plant growth and cause plant mortality. N and K are mainly used in covering layers and their recommended doses are 4 gplant-1 month-1. This study aimed to assess the initial growth of 'catuaí' and 'catucaí' coffee plants and soil salinity resulting from fertigation with N (urea) and K (KCl) according to the indicated doses and fractionated every 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse of UFLA/DEG, Lavras-MG, Brazil, where 13-l vases were irrigated under soil water tensions between 20 and 30 kpa during 24 weeks. The following were evaluated:  CE fertilizer solution and CE soil solution, plant height and shoot diameter after 8-week cycles. Results indicated that the used fertilizer dose was excessive, causing plant death after 2 cycles, except for the control. These varieties resisted soil salinity (CEea = 1.2 ds m-1). Despite the CE of the applied fertilizer solution be high, the results were higher than those of similar studies with NaCl solution to lower salinity levels. KEYWORDS: irrigation, coffee, fertilization, electric conductivity

scholarly journals Effect of Bacillus mesonae H20-5 Treatment on Rhizospheric Bacterial Community of Tomato Plants under Salinity Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 662-672
Author(s):  
Shin Ae Lee ◽  
Hyeon Su Kim ◽  
Mee Kyung Sang ◽  
Jaekyeong Song ◽  
Hang-Yeon Weon
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Rhizosphere Soils ◽  
Salinity Levels

Plant growth-promoting bacteria improve plant growth under abiotic stress conditions. However, their effects on microbial succession in the rhizosphere are poorly understood. In this study, the inoculants of Bacillus mesonae strain H20-5 were administered to tomato plants grown in soils with different salinity levels (EC of 2, 4, and 6 dS/m). The bacterial communities in the bulk and rhizosphere soils were examined 14 days after H20-5 treatment using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Although the abundance of H20-5 rapidly decreased in the bulk and rhizosphere soils, a shift in the bacterial community was observed following H20-5 treatment. The variation in bacterial communities due to H20-5 treatment was higher in the rhizosphere than in the bulk soils. Additionally, the bacterial species richness and diversity were greater in the H20-5 treated rhizosphere than in the control. The composition and structure of the bacterial communities varied with soil salinity levels, and those in the H20-5 treated rhizosphere soil were clustered. The members of Actinobacteria genera, including Kineosporia, Virgisporangium, Actinoplanes, Gaiella, Blastococcus, and Solirubrobacter, were enriched in the H20-5 treated rhizosphere soils. The microbial co-occurrence network of the bacterial community in the H20-5 treated rhizosphere soils had more modules and keystone taxa compared to the control. These findings revealed that the strain H20-5 induced systemic tolerance in tomato plants and influenced the diversity, composition, structure, and network of bacterial communities. The bacterial community in the H20-5 treated rhizosphere soils also appeared to be relatively stable to soil salinity changes.

scholarly journals Sourgrass densities affecting the initial growth and macronutrient content of coffee plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.B Carvalho ◽  
P.L.C.A Alves ◽  
S Bianco
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Coffee Plant ◽  
Macronutrient Content ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The objective of this work was to evaluate the coexistence effects of coffee (Coffea arabica) with densities of sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) on crop macronutrient content and plant growth. The experiment was conducted in plots where one coffee plant was maintained in coexistence with 0 (weed-free check), 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 sourgrass plants, using a completely randomized design with three replicates. Reduction of coffee growth and macronutrient content, except P that increased, started when the coexistence occurred with sourgrass plants in a density of 1 plant per plot. In general, macronutrient content was reduced by 18-50%, while growth characteristics were reduced by 9-41%, when coffee plants coexisted with 16 plants of sourgrass. Thus, sourgrass competition for nutrients was a strong factor limiting coffee plant growth.

Growth of transgenic and standard canola (Brassica napus L.) varieties in response to soil salinity

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 797-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Redmann ◽  
M. Q. Qi ◽  
M. Belyk
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Glufosinate Ammonium ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Shoot And Root Biomass

Seedling emergence and plant growth of two canola varieties (Brassica napus L.) were investigated in response to soil salinity under growth chamber conditions. HCN92, a genetically transformed variety tolerant to the broad spectrum herbicide glufosinate-ammonium, and variety Legend were grown in five field-collected soils with salinities between 0.8 and 11.5 dS m−1. Salinity treatments significantly reduced total seedling emergence and emergence rate, and also caused decreased leaf area, shoot and root biomass, and evapotranspiration in both canola varieties. Vegetative growth of the genetically transformed variety, HCN92 was essentially equivalent to that of variety Legend at all salinity levels. Key words: Emergence, HCN92 canola, Legend canola, plant growth, salt tolerance

scholarly journals Insights on Molecular Characteristics of Hydrochars by 13C-NMR and Off-Line TMAH-GC/MS and Assessment of Their Potential Use as Plant Growth Promoters

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís G. Fregolente ◽  
João Vitor dos Santos ◽  
Giovanni Vinci ◽  
Alessandro Piccolo ◽  
Altair B. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Potential Use

Hydrochar is a carbon-based material that can be used as soil amendment. Since the physical-chemical properties of hydrochar are mainly assigned to process parameters, we aimed at evaluating the organic fraction of different hydrochars through 13C-NMR and off-line TMAH-GC/MS. Four hydrochars produced with sugarcane bagasse, vinasse and sulfuric or phosphoric acids were analyzed to elucidate the main molecular features. Germination and initial growth of maize seedlings were assessed using hydrochar water-soluble fraction to evaluate their potential use as growth promoters. The hydrochars prepared with phosphoric acid showed larger amounts of bioavailable lignin-derived structures. Although no differences were shown about the percentage of maize seeds germination, the hydrochar produced with phosphoric acid promoted a better seedling growth. For this sample, the greatest relative percentage of benzene derivatives and phenolic compounds were associated to hormone-like effects, responsible for stimulating shoot and root elongation. The reactions parameters proved to be determinant for the organic composition of hydrochar, exerting a strict influence on molecular features and plant growth response.

scholarly journals Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms in Coffee Production: From Isolation to Field Application

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1531
Author(s):  
Narcisa Urgiles-Gómez ◽  
María Eugenia Avila-Salem ◽  
Paúl Loján ◽  
Max Encalada ◽  
Leslye Hurtado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Coffee Agroforestry ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Coffee is an important, high-value crop because its roasted beans are used to produce popular beverages that are consumed worldwide. Coffee plantations exist in over 70 countries and constitute the main economic activity of approximately 125 million people. Currently, there is global concern regarding the excessive use of agrochemicals and pesticides in agriculture, including coffee crops. This situation has motivated researchers, administrators, and farmers to seek ecologically friendly alternatives to decrease the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. In the last decades, multiple studies of the rhizosphere, at the chemical, physical and biological levels, have improved our understanding of the importance of beneficial microorganisms to plant health and growth. This review aims to summarize the state of the use of plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) in coffee production, where the most extensively studied microorganisms are beneficial plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This review also contains information on PGPM, in regard to plantations at different latitudes, isolation techniques, mass multiplication, formulation methods, and the application of PGPM in nurseries, monoculture, and coffee agroforestry systems. Finally, this review focuses on relevant research performed during the last decade that can help us improve sustainable coffee production.

scholarly journals Hormesis with glyphosate depends on coffee growth stage

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 813-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEONARDO B. DE CARVALHO ◽  
PEDRO L.C.A. ALVES ◽  
STEPHEN O. DUKE
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Coffee Plant ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Plant Growth Stages ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Almost All

Weed management systems in almost all Brazilian coffee plantations allow herbicide spray to drift on crop plants. In order to evaluate if there is any effect of the most commonly used herbicide in coffee production, glyphosate, on coffee plants, a range of glyphosate doses were applied directly on coffee plants at two distinct plant growth stages. Although growth of both young and old plants was reduced at higher glyphosate doses, low doses caused no effects on growth characteristics of young plants and stimulated growth of older plants. Therefore, hormesis with glyphosate is dependent on coffee plant growth stage at the time of herbicide application.

scholarly journals In vitro establishment of Comanthera curralensis , "sempre viva" native of Chapada Diamantina - Bahia

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 991-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Márcia Sampaio Albuquerque ◽  
Alone Lima Brito ◽  
Andressa Priscila Piancó Santos Lima ◽  
Bruno Freitas Matos Alvim ◽  
José Raniere Ferreira de Santana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
In Vitro Establishment ◽  
Vitro Production

ABSTRACT: The goal of the present study was to evaluate the germination, initial growth, and in vitro co-cultivation of Comanthera curralensis Moldenke, a "sempre viva" native of the Chapada Diamantina state of Bahia. Full strength (MS) and half-strength MS (MS1/2) growth media supplemented with two different sucrose concentrations (15 and 30g L-1) were tested for germination and initial plant growth. Three different plant densities were tested by in vitro culture (8, 10 and 12 plants per container). MS1/2 medium with 15g L-1 sucrose resulted in a higher percentage of germination and plant growth for the in vitro establishment of C. curralensis. The use of 12 plants per container is indicated for cost reduction in C. curralensis in vitro production.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Giving Plant PGPR Rhizosphere Bamboo on Cocoa Seeds Germination at The Nursery Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yusril Hardiansyah ◽  
Yunus Musa ◽  
Abdul Mollah Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Seed Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The low productivity of cocoa plantations in Indonesia is partly due to the low quality of seeds, which refers to the impeded growth of cultivated cocoa nurseries. Seed is the initial growth of plants so the importance of giving special treatment to seeds will refer to better seed growth. Provision of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) microbes can produce indoleacetic acid (IAA) in plants to improve the quality of plant growth. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the provision of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria bamboo rhizosphere against cocoa seed germination. The study was carried out in the farmer group garden, Gantarangkeke District, Bantaeng. This study was arranged in the form of a two-factor factorial design (F2F) in a randomized block design (RBD). The use of cocoa seed type as the first factor consisted of GTB (Gantarangkeke Bantaeng) local cocoa seed and MCC 01 cocoa seed and seed immersion treatment at PGPR rhizosphere bamboo concentration as the second factor consisting of 0% (control) concentration, 5%, 10 % and 15%. The results obtained indicate that administration of seeds with bamboo rhizosphere PGPR affects the germination (100.00%), the speed of seed growth (7.14%/etmal), as well as on abnormal seeds (10.00%). So that the provision of bamboo rhizosphere PGPR on cocoa seeds has an effective influence on seed germination and cocoa seedling development.

scholarly journals Strip-till technology - a method for uniformity in the emergence and plant growth of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) in different environmental conditions of Northern Poland

2018 ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Jaskulska ◽  
Lech Gałęzewski ◽  
Mariusz Piekarczyk ◽  
Dariusz Jaskulski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Winter Rapeseed

The emergence of plants is especially important for the winter crops that are grown in the challenging environmental conditions of many countries in Central and Eastern Europe. The emergence and initial growth of winter rapeseed were compared in field trials in a randomized block design with three replicates for plants sown in conventional tillage systems (CT) and strip-till (ST), which had different weather conditions and on soil with a non-uniform texture over a period of two years. Sowing in the CT was carried out using Horsch Pronto 4DC (Germany) at a row distance of 0.29 m. The ST operations were performed using a Pro-Til 4T drill manufactured by Mzuri Limited (Great Britain) - row spacing of 0.36 m. In favourable rainfall and thermal conditions, the density of winter rapeseed plants two weeks after sowing was found to be higher if it was sown after the CT than in the ST system. In the year that had a serious shortage of rainfall during the sowing period, a considerably higher density of plants was achieved using the ST system. The uniformity of plant growth using the ST technology in soil with a varied texture, especially in a year with an unfavourable distribution of rainfall, was proven by less variability in the number of leaves in the rosette, in the dry mass of the leaf rosette and in the root neck thickness of the winter rapeseed than in the CT system. The ST system can create good conditions for the initial development and preparation of rapeseed plants for wintering.

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