Some Active Ingredients, Total Protein and Amino Acids in Plants Produced from Irradiated Ambrosia maritima Seeds Growing under Different Soil Salinity Levels

In a cascade hydroponic system, the used nutrient solution drained from a primary crop is directed to a secondary crop, enhancing resource-use efficiency while minimizing waste. Nevertheless, the inevitably increased EC of the drainage solution requires salinity-tolerant crops. The present study explored the salinity-tolerance thresholds of basil to evaluate its potential use as a secondary crop in a cascade system. Two distinct but complemented approaches were used; the first experiment examined basil response to increased levels of salinity (5, 10 and 15 dS m−1, compared with 2 dS m−1 of control) to identify the limits, and the second experiment employed a cascade system with cucumber as a primary crop to monitor basil responses to the drainage solution of 3.2 dS m−1. Growth, ascorbate content, nutrient concentration, and total amino acid concentration and profile were determined in both experiments. Various aspects of basil growth and biochemical performance collectively indicated the 5 dS m−1 salinity level as the upper limit/threshold of tolerance to stress. Higher salinity levels considerably suppressed fresh weight production, though the total concentration of amino acids showed a sevenfold increase under 15 dS m−1 and 4.5-fold under 5 and 10 dS m−1 compared to the control. The performance of basil in the cascade system was subject to a compromise between a reduction of fresh produce and an increase of total amino acids and ascorbate content. This outcome indicated that basil performed well under the conditions and the system employed in the present study, and might be a good candidate for use as a secondary crop in cascade-hydroponics systems.

Download Full-text

Amino Acid Composition of Milk from Cow, Sheep and Goat Raised in Ailano and Valle Agricola, Two Localities of ‘Alto Casertano’ (Campania Region)

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10102431 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 2431

Author(s):

Nicola Landi ◽

Sara Ragucci ◽

Antimo Di Maro

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Glutamic Acid ◽

Protein Content ◽

Total Protein ◽

Free Amino ◽

Raw Milk ◽

Total Amino Acid ◽

Total Protein Content ◽

Campania Region

Cow, sheep and goat raw milk raised in Ailano and Valle Agricola territories (‘Alto Casertano’, Italy) were characterized (raw proteins, free and total amino acids content) to assess milk quality. Raw milk with the highest total protein content is sheep milk followed by goat and cow milk from both localities. Total amino acid content in cow, goat and sheep raw milk is 4.58, 4.81 and 6.62 g per 100 g, respectively, in which the most abundant amino acid is glutamic acid (~20.36 g per 100 g of proteins). Vice versa, the free amino acids content characteristic profiles are different for each species. In particular, the most abundant free amino acid in cow, sheep and goat raw milk is glutamic acid (9.07 mg per 100 g), tyrosine (4.72 mg per 100 g) and glycine (4.54 mg per 100 g), respectively. In addition, goat raw milk is a source of taurine (14.92 mg per 100 g), retrieved in low amount in cow (1.38 mg per 100 g) and sheep (2.10 mg per 100 g) raw milk. Overall, raw milk from ‘Alto Casertano’ show a high total protein content and are a good source of essential amino acids.

Download Full-text

24-Epibrassinolide Restores the Synthesis of Proteins and Amino Acids in Brassica juncea L. Leaves Under Imidacloprid Stress

Journal of Horticultural Research ◽

10.1515/johr-2017-0024 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 85-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anket Sharma ◽

Vinod Kumar ◽

Ashwani Kumar Thukral ◽

Renu Bhardwaj

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Brassica Juncea ◽

Total Protein ◽

Acid Content ◽

Soil Amendment ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Amino Acid Content ◽

Total Proteins ◽

Amino Acid Contents

Abstract Pesticides are applied to protect crops from a variety of insect pests but their application cause toxicity to plants that results, among others, in reduction of protein as well as amino acid contents. The present study is aimed at observing the effect of seed pre-soaking with 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) on the protein and amino acid content in the leaves of Brassica juncea L. grown in soil that is amended with pesticide im-idacloprid (IMI). Soil amendment with IMI resulted in a decrease in the contents in leaves of total proteins and 21 amino acids studied. Seed soaking with 100 nM of EBL resulted in the recovery of total protein as well as amino acid contents in leaves, when compared with plants grown in only IMI amended soils.

Download Full-text

Effect of a Leucine Analogue on Incorporation of Glycine into the Proteins of Explanted Chick Embryos

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.6.2.262 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 262-269

Author(s):

Phyllis W. Schultz ◽

Heinz Herrmann

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Chick Embryo ◽

Total Protein ◽

Nutrient Medium ◽

Chick Embryos ◽

Agar Gel ◽

Egg Extract ◽

Amino Acid Analogues

Amino acid analogues have been observed to give rise to abnormal forms of development of chick and amphibian embryos (Herrmann, 1953; Rothfels, 1954; Waddington & Sirlin, 1954; Feldman & Waddington, 1955; Herrmann, Rothfels-Konigsberg, & Curry, 1955). Assuming that these disturbances may be due to interference with the utilization of amino acids for protein formation, we have attempted an analysis of this effect by comparison of the protein contents and of the uptake of glycine into the proteins of chick embryo explants in the presence and absence of amino acid analogues. The results of such experiments are reported in this paper. The chick embryos used for explanation, the explantation technique, and the determination of total protein glycine and of tracer glycine were essentially the same as described previously (Herrmann & Schultz, 1958). The embryos were explanted at the 11–13 somite stage on to the surface of an agar gel containing egg extract as nutrient medium following the procedure given by Spratt (1947) as modified by Rothfels (1954).

Download Full-text

Cosmeceuticals Using Peptides, Amino Acids, Glycosaminoglycans, and Other Active Ingredients

Cosmeceuticals - Aesthetic Dermatology ◽

10.1159/000491846 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 63-72

Author(s):

Vivian W. Bucay

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Active Ingredients

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Some Rhodes Grass (Chloris gayana) Genotypes for Their Salt Tolerance, Biomass Yield and Nutrient Composition

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9010143 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 143 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ashenafi Worku Daba ◽

Asad Sarwar Qureshi ◽

Bethel Nekir Nisaren

Keyword(s):

Soil Salinity ◽

Management Practices ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Soil Salinization ◽

The Other ◽

Forage Production ◽

Rhodes Grass ◽

Salinity Levels ◽

Chloris Gayana ◽

The Impact

The livestock productivity in Ethiopia is seriously constrained by the shortage of fodder due to increasing soil salinization. Therefore, restoration of salt-affected lands into productive soils through salt-tolerant forages and improved irrigation and crop management practices is crucial for enhancing the productivity of the livestock sector in Ethiopia. In this three-year study, pot trials were conducted to evaluate the impact of five different soil salinity levels (i.e., 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 dS m−1) on plant growth, biomass production, and nutrient quality attributes of three Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) genotypes (ILRI-6633, ILRI-7384, CV-massaba). Increasing soil salinity negatively affected germination percentage (GP) and mean germination time (MGT) of all genotypes. For all salinity levels, the highest GP was observed for ILRI-6633 and the lowest for CV-massaba. Plant height and chlorophyll content for ILRI-6633 was higher than the other two genotypes. The crude protein (CP) content was higher in low dry matter-producing genotype (ILRI-7384). The performance of ILRI-6633 at all salinity levels was superior to the other two genotypes. CV-massaba genotype performed better under low to medium soil salinity conditions. Therefore, ILRI-6633 and CV-massaba genotypes have excellent potential to increase forage production in salt-affected areas of Ethiopia.

Download Full-text

Can nutritional criteria help predict outcome in hospitalized patients?

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/32.11.2077 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 32 (11) ◽

pp. 2077-2079 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

V M Prabhakaran ◽

S Pujara ◽

A J Mills ◽

V W Whalen

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Total Protein ◽

Fatal Outcome ◽

Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Predicting Outcome ◽

Branched Chain ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Index Weight ◽

Nonessential Amino Acids

Abstract The following nutritional criteria were evaluated for their usefulness in predicting outcome in a prospective study of 66 randomly selected hospitalized patients with a variety of diagnoses: total protein, albumin, and transferrin concentrations in serum, creatinine height index, weight height index, phenylalanine/tyrosine ratio (Phe/Tyr), concentration of branched-chain amino acids in serum, and ratio of essential to nonessential amino acids in serum. The cases were followed from admission to discharge, and were classified into the following three groups: 43 "well"; 14 with "complications" but recovered; and nine "dead". Statistical analysis (Scheffe's s-test) demonstrated the means of "well" and "dead" groups to be different for total protein, albumin, transferrin, and Phe/Tyr. In individual patients the nutritional criteria, even for those with fatal outcome, were poor indicators of outcome. These nutritional criteria are useful in identifying hospitalized groups that are at maximum risk (i.e., death), but are much less useful for individual patients.

Download Full-text