scholarly journals CARACTERÍSTICAS ESTRUTURAIS E ACÚMULO DE FITOMASSA DO MILHETO SOB DIFERENTES REGIMES DE IRRIGAÇÃO COM ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA E ADUBAÇÃO ORGÂNICA

Irriga ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-220
Author(s):  
Jose Raliuson Inácio Silva ◽  
Eduardo Souza ◽  
Maurício Luiz de Mello Vieira Leite ◽  
Genival Barros Júnior ◽  
José Romualdo de Sousa Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Organic Fertilization

CARACTERÍSTICAS ESTRUTURAIS E ACÚMULO DE FITOMASSA DO MILHETO SOB DIFERENTES REGIMES DE IRRIGAÇÃO COM ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA E ADUBAÇÃO ORGÂNICA     JOSÉ RALIUSON INÁCIO SILVA1; EDUARDO SOUZA1; MAURÍCIO LUIZ DE MELLO VIEIRA LEITE1; GENIVAL BARROS JUNIOR1; JOSE ROMUALDO DE SOUSA LIMA2 E ALDO TORRES SALES1   1Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Avenida Gregório Ferraz Nogueira, s/n, José Tomé de Souza Ramos – CEP: 56909-535, Serra Talhada –PE, Brasil, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Universidade Federal do Agreste de Pernambuco, Avenida Bom Pastor, s/n, Boa Vista – CEP:55292-270, Granhuns-PE, [email protected]     1 RESUMO   A utilização de água residuária pode aumentar a oferta hídrica e de alimentos em regiões semiáridas. Assim, objetivou-se estudar a dinâmica temporal das características estruturais e acúmulo de fitomassa do milheto irrigado com diferentes lâminas de água cinza, com e sem adubação orgânica. A pesquisa foi conduzida em ambiente protegido em esquema fatorial (4 x 2) + 1, com três repetições, sendo os fatores: níveis de água disponível do solo (25, 50, 75 e 100%) e doses de esterco (0 e 34 Mg ha-1), mais o tratamento controle (irrigação com água potável e sem adubação). Foram realizadas avaliações semanais das características estruturais: comprimento e diâmetro do colmo e número de perfilhos, folhas totais, folhas vivas e folhas mortas, sendo ajustados modelos matemáticos para descrever o comportamento dessas características ao longo do ciclo da cultura. Após 60 dias de aplicação dos tratamentos o milheto foi colhido e determinou-se o acúmulo de fitomassa e massa de raízes. O modelo sigmoidal é o que melhor explica a dinâmica da maioria das características estruturais. A irrigação com águas cinzas não afetou as características estruturais, massa de raízes e o acúmulo de fitomassa do milheto, sendo indicado adubação a fim de melhorar o seu desempenho.   Palavras-chave: Pennisetum glaucum, águas cinzas, dinâmica do crescimento, manejo de irrigação     SILVA, J. R. I.; SOUZA, E.; LEITE, M. L. M. V.; BARROS JUNIOR, G.; LIMA, J. R. S; SALES, A. T. STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PHYTOMASS ACCUMULATION OF MILLET UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES WITH WASTEWATER AND ORGANIC FERTILIZATION             2 ABSTRACT   The use of wastewater can increase the water and food supply in semi-arid regions. Thus, the objective was to study the temporal dynamics of structural characteristics and the accumulation of phytomass in millet irrigated with different depths of greywater, with and without organic fertilization. The research was conducted under greenhouse conditions in a factorial scheme (4 x 2) + 1 with three replications, the factors being levels of water available from the soil (25, 50, 75 and 100%) and manure doses (0 and 34 Mg ha-1), plus control treatment (irrigation with drinking water and without fertilization). It was performed weekly evaluations of structural characteristics: stem length and diameter, and number of tillers, total leaves, live leaves and dead leaves. Mathematical models were adjusted to describe the behavior of these characteristics throughout the cycle. After 60 days of the application of the treatments, millet was harvested and the accumulation of phytomass and root mass was determined. The sigmoidal model best explains the dynamics of most structural features. The irrigation with greywaters did not affect the structural characteristics, root mass and phytomass accumulation of millet, and fertilization is indicated to improve its performance.   Keywords: Pennisetum glaucum, greywaters, growth dynamics, irrigation management

scholarly journals Interaction of Bioactive Mono-Terpenes with Egg Yolk on Ice Cream Physicochemical Properties

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1686
Author(s):  
Mostafa Gouda ◽  
Long Sheng ◽  
Rana Muhammad Aadil ◽  
Yuanyuan Liu ◽  
Meihu Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Using natural multi-function phytochemicals could be one of the best solutions for clean-label production. In this study, dairy ice creams were prepared containing 14% egg yolk and 0.1% of thymol (THY), trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC), menthol (MEN), or vanillin (VAN). Then, the physical, chemical, and structural characteristics were evaluated. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis (a rapid, chemical-free, and non-invasive tool) was carried out to evaluate the water distribution. A multivariate analysis was conducted among all studied variables. According to the results, the overrun of the MEN ice cream was significantly increased as compared to the control sample. The density was also reduced in the MEN sample. Meanwhile, the spreadability (%) of VAN was significantly increased after 6 min as compared to the control treatment. MRI analysis revealed that water distribution was significantly changed in the THY group. The firmness and viscosity of THY samples were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that viscosity index and consistency were the top parameters affected by THY. The authors concluded that THY and VAN are promising stabilizers for ice-cream clean production.

scholarly journals Response of vegetative growth and chemical properties in tomato plant (Tariz) for organic fertilization.

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Halemah M. Amhamed ◽  
Ahmed. I. Sharaf ◽  
Salaheddin B. Elbelazi ◽  
Moftah A. Assofal ◽  
Amal E. Alhishni
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The experiment was carried out in agricultural land in Sorman between 4 - 2017 to 7 - 2017, in the design of Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) to study the response of vegetative traits and chemical properties in the tomato plant of Tariz for organic fertilization, by 6 treatments and 3 replicates, For SPSS statistical analysis at a significant level of LSD 0.05). The experiment included four types of semi-decomposed organic fertilizer (sheep manure, cattle manure, camel manure, horse manure) in 6 treatments, in addition to the control treatment, which included four treatments for each type of organic fertilizer as: fertilizer: soil by ratio (1: 3) that is 5Kg of fertilizer : 15 kg of soil, mixed treatment of fertilizer : soil (1: 1) (10 kg of fertilizer: 10 kg of soil), and double treatment (3: 1) (15 kg of fertilizer: 5 kg soil). The seedlings were planted in experimental units of 7.20 m2. The seedlings were treated in biological control using the garlic extract for insect protection after 15 days of planting, as well as the addition of simple proportions of hay as a cover to reduce the growth of herbs. The experiment showed that the treatment of cattle manure significantly increased most of the studied morphological traits (length of root, plant length, number of flowers, number of leafy branches), as well as significant increase in fresh and dry weight of leaves and average weight of five fruits.. There were significant differences in the content of the N, P in leaves and NPK elements in the fruits, while there was a significant increase in vitamin C content in fruits for all treatments.

scholarly journals Efecto de medicamentos homeopáticos en plantas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Fernando Abasolo Pacheco ◽  
Boris Bonilla Montalván ◽  
Cesar Bermeo Toledo ◽  
Yarelys Ferrer Sánchez ◽  
Andy Jafet Ramirez Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Development Stages

Agrochemical use in horticultural cultivations generates negative effects, thus the need for searching to decrease or eliminate its use by means of other less toxic techniques. Agricultural homeopathy represents an alternative for ecological agriculture, impacting positively in cultivation development. The effect of four homeopathic medicines for human use were assessed in two centesimal dynamizations (7CH and 13CH) [(Silicea Terra (SiT), Natrum muriaticum (NaM), Zincum phosphoricum (ZiP) and Phosphoricum acidum (PhA)], and a control treatment (distilled water) on tomato plant germination, emergence, and initial development. The treatments were established under a randomized complete block design with three repiclates. Germination and emergence rate and percentage and morphometric variables (plant height, radicle length, dry and wet weight) were assessed, including the variables in stem diameter and wet and dry leaf weight, number of branches, leaves, and buds in the vegetative development stage. Signif icant differences were observed in all the morphometric variables assessed in function of the different development stages, homeopathic medicines, and their different dynamizations. During germination, greater growth in stem length was observed with ZiP-7CH (5.5 ± 0.98 cm) compared to the control group (4.3 ± 1.10 cm). During the emergence stage, the treatments SiT-7CH (6.6 ± 1.11 cm) and ZiP-7CH (5.9 ± 1.41 cm) increased stem length signif icantly whereas with PhA-7CH, the best effects were obtained in the variables assessed during the vegetative development stage, LT (94 ± 8.31 cm), leaf number (No hojas) (131 ± 27.71), fresh stem biomass (BFT) (17.20 ± 2.45 g), wet leaf biomass (BFH) (30 ± 7.72 g), dry leaf biomass (BSH) (2 ± 0.61 g), fresh root biomass (BFR) (10 ± 6.26 g), dry root biomass (BSR) (1 ± 0.43 g), and number of flower buds (No H) (6 ± 7.10). The homeopathic medicines applied impacted positively during the initial and vegetative development stages of tomato under controlled conditions. This research study represents and advance in the sustainable management of tomato cultivation.

ON MODELING THE GROWTH DYNAMICS OF A STAGE STRUCTURED POPULATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 06 (06) ◽  
pp. 1350039 ◽  
Author(s):  
GIUSEPPE BUFFONI ◽  
SARA PASQUALI
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Dispersion Models ◽  
Development Models ◽  
Regression Effects ◽  
Pelagic Copepod ◽  
Structured Population ◽  
Lagrangian Modeling

A Lagrangian modeling approach is applied to the numerical simulation of the temporal dynamics of a stage-structured population. The growth dynamics is determined only by the main biological processes: development of an individual, mortality, reproduction. Different approaches in modeling the development process of an individual are implemented: stochastic advection-diffusion models (backward–forward dispersion models), and stochastic development models where regression effects, defined as negative development on the status of an individual, are forbidden (forward dispersion models). Some properties of the residence times of an individual in a stage are investigated: in particular, their role in the calibration of the development models and in the estimation of some parameters introduced in the model equation. As a study case a multi-stage pelagic copepod population is considered. Trying to separate the effects of the main biological processes on the temporal dynamics, numerical simulations have been carried out in some idealized situations: first only the development of the individuals, neglecting mortality and reproduction, is considered; then the mortality process is introduced, and finally both the mortality and reproduction processes. The results of the numerical simulations, are compared and discussed.

scholarly journals Growth suppression of sandspur grass by cover crops1

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Fonseca da Silva ◽  
Leandro Pereira Pacheco ◽  
Leandro dos Santos Soares ◽  
Wéverson Lima Fonseca ◽  
João Batista da Silva Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Crambe Abyssinica ◽  
Dry Biomass

ABSTRACTSandspur grass has hindered the integrated weed management in the Brazilian crop systems. This study aimed at evaluating the efficiency of biomass levels of different cover crops on the soil surface to control the sandspur grass. A complete randomized blocks design with four replications, in a 6 x 5 + 1 factorial arrangement, was used. The first factor consisted of six cover crops (Pennisetum glaucum-ADR 7010 and ADR 300 cultivars, Crotalaria ochroleuca, Urochloa ruziziensis, Fagopyrum tataricum and Crambe abyssinica) and the second one consisted of five biomass levels of each species (2 t ha-1, 4 t ha-1, 8 t ha-1, 12 t ha-1 and 16 t ha-1), plus a control treatment without soil cover. The variables analyzed were the total number of emerged plants, germination speed index, leaf area, root volume and shoot and root dry biomass. U. ruziziensis excelled in the suppression of C. echinatus growth by reducing the number of emerged plants, emergence speed index, shoot and root dry biomass, root volume and leaf area.

scholarly journals Three Structural Features of Functional Food Components and Herbal Medicine with Amyloid β42 Anti-Aggregation Properties

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 2125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuma Murakami ◽  
Kazuhiro Irie
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Salt Bridge ◽  
Basic Amino Acid ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Food Components ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Aggregation of amyloid β42 (Aβ42) is one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). There are numerous naturally occurring products that suppress the aggregation of Aβ42, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Based on NMR and MS spectroscopic analysis, we propose three structural characteristics found in natural products required for the suppressive activity against Aβ42 aggregation (i.e., oligomerization by targeting specific amino acid residues on this protein). These characteristics include (1) catechol-type flavonoids that can form Michael adducts with the side chains of Lys16 and 28 in monomeric Aβ42 through flavonoid autoxidation; (2) non-catechol-type flavonoids with planarity due to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl groups that can interact with the intermolecular β-sheet region in Aβ42 aggregates, especially aromatic rings such as those of Phe19 and 20; and (3) carboxy acid derivatives with triterpenoid or anthraquinoid that can generate a salt bridge with basic amino acid residues such as Lys16 and 28 in the Aβ42 dimer or trimer. Here, we summarize the recent body of knowledge concerning amyloidogenic inhibitors, particularly in functional food components and Kampo medicine, and discuss their application in the treatment and prevention of AD.

The Structure, Microhardness and Wear Resistance of Coatings Obtained through Non-Vacuum Electron Beam Cladding of Chromium and Titanium Carbides on Low Carbon Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 927 ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana A. Krylova ◽  
Konstantin V. Ivanov ◽  
Vladimir E. Ovcharenko
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Indentation Tests ◽  
Titanium Carbides

An interrelation between structural features, microhardness and wear resistance was studied in the coatings obtained by non-vacuum relativistic electron beam cladding of chromium and titanium carbides powder mixture on low carbon steel. Five coatings differing in the amount of the entered energy were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), indentation tests and wear resistance measurements. It was found that the concentration of alloying elements both in solid solution and eutectic as well as the volume fraction of eutectic are the main structural characteristics which defines the microhardness of the coatings. The distribution of TiC phase plays a key role in the resistance to wear.

Reactions between uranium veins and their host rocks in Vendée and Limousin (France)

1981 ◽  
Vol 44 (336) ◽  
pp. 417-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cathelineau ◽  
J. Leroy
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Wall Rock ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Gangue Mineral ◽  
List Type ◽  
Vein Formation ◽  
Wall Rock Alteration ◽  
Rock Alteration ◽  
Host Rocks ◽  
Basic Rocks

AbstractHydrothermal uranium veins, associated with the Hercynian leucogranites show important variations in their mineralogical, chemical and structural features in relation to the host rock lithology. These are described with particular reference to the Chardon deposit, Vendée where the veins cut granite, basic lithologies, and shales. The following features are described: 1Changes in the thickness of veins near to contact zones, particularly those between granites and basic lithologies, lamprophyres, and shales.2Changes in the gangue mineral assemblage with the preferential development of carbonate in veins cutting basic lithologies, and of silica in veins which cut granite.3Paragenetic zoning in the veins in passing from granites to their metamorphic aureoles.Comparisons between deposits of Vendée, Limousin, and Erzgebirge allow the following generalizations to be made: 1Open faults and subsequent mineralization are concentrated at boundaries between competent and more plastic lithologies.2Mineralizing fluids cause wall-rock alteration characterized by the removal of Si from granite and of Ca, Mg, Fe from metamorphic and basic rocks.3The chemical and structural characteristics of wallrocks are important controls on the mineralization but in acid lithologies the main controls on the pitchblende vein formation are the structural characteristics of the wallrock.

scholarly journals Carrot yield and water-use efficiency under different mulching, organic fertilization and irrigation levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 445-450
Author(s):  
Daniel F. de Carvalho ◽  
Daniela P. Gomes ◽  
Dionizio H. de Oliveira Neto ◽  
José G. M. Guerra ◽  
Janaína R. C. Rouws ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
Water Depths

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to evaluate the contributions to the optimization of water use in a carrot crop under different forms of mulch using Gliricidia sepium, fertilization with castor bean cakes and irrigation water depths. The experiment was conducted in Seropédica, RJ, Brazil (22º 46’ S and 43º 41’ W), from June to September 2010. The experiment was conducted using a split-split-plot scheme (5 x 3 x 2), with four replicates. The five plots had irrigation depths corresponding to 0, 43, 72, 100 and 120% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc); the three subplots contained the different forms of mulch (whole leaves (WL) and chopped leaves and branches (CLB)) and the absence of mulch (AM); and the two sub-subplots contained either the presence (PF) or absence of fertilization (AF). Using time domain reflectometry (TDR) in the irrigation management, water depths ranging from 67.8 to 285.5 mm were applied. The use of mulch in association with fertilization led to higher yields and water-use efficiency (WUE) of the carrot plants, and the mulch composed of WL performed best. The application of irrigation depths corresponding to 97% of ETc promoted the highest carrot yields, although the highest values of WUE were observed, with irrigation depths corresponding to a range from 51 to 68% of ETc.

SPIRAL WAVES IN MEDIA WITH COMPLEX-EXCITABLE DYNAMICS

1999 ◽  
Vol 09 (11) ◽  
pp. 2243-2247 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREI GORYACHEV ◽  
RAYMOND KAPRAL
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Rotational Symmetry ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Spiral Waves ◽  
Space Trajectories ◽  
Reaction Diffusion Systems ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics ◽  
Diffusion Systems

The structure of spiral waves is investigated in super-excitable reaction–diffusion systems where the local dynamics exhibits multilooped phase-space trajectories. It is shown that such systems support stable spiral waves with broken rotational symmetry and complex temporal dynamics. The main structural features of such waves, synchronization defect lines, are demonstrated to be similar to those of spiral waves in systems with complex-oscillatory dynamics.

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