scholarly journals Ecological Influences on Tuber Aestivum Distribution in the Subcarpathian Region of Transylvania

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Horea PĂCURAR ◽  
Marcel DÎRJA ◽  
Ioan PĂCURAR ◽  
Sanda ROȘCA ◽  
Ștefan BILAȘCO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Tuber Aestivum ◽  
Vegetation Development ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
Average Annual Precipitation ◽  
Slope Orientation

The aim of this research was to identify the ecological factors which have influences on distribution, development and habitat suitability of the summer truffle (Tuber aestivum) in the Sub-Carpathian region of Transylvania. The ecological factors such as average annual temperature (°C), average annual precipitation (mm/year), the length of the bioactive period (months), land slope (grade), slope orientation, soil pH and its compaction level were analyzed having specific influences on forest vegetation development in Sub-Carpathian hills, and in the same time on the possibility of symbiosis existence between the trees and summer truffle. The most favorable regions from the Sub-Carpathians of Transylvania for summer truffle growth proved to be Dealurile Năsăudului and Homoroadelor Sub-Carpathians followed by Muscelele Năsăudului and hills of Bistrița, where the average annual temperature is between 6,8-11°C with an average annual precipitation of 900 mm/year, a 3-6 months long bioactive period and high humus content of the soil.

scholarly journals Pollen-based paleoclimate reconstructions of Beloslav Lake (Northeastern Bulgaria) during the last 6000 years using modern analog technique (MAT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-134
Author(s):  
Stoyan Vergiev
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Lake Region ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
Paleoclimate Reconstructions ◽  
Average Annual Precipitation ◽  
Modern Analog Technique

The aim of the present study is to reconstruct the palaeoclimate variables in the Beloslav Lake Region (Northeastern Bulgaria) during the last 6000 years, based on the pollen analysis from lacustrine core Bel-1 and using modern analog technique (MAT). Pollen data was used for reconstructions of four parameters: average annual temperature, average temperature of the warm and cold half-year and average annual precipitation.

scholarly journals Mapping current and potential future distributions of the oak tree (Quercus aegilops) in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabaz R. Khwarahm
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Oak Tree

Abstract Background The oak tree (Quercus aegilops) comprises ~ 70% of the oak forests in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). Besides its ecological importance as the residence for various endemic and migratory species, Q. aegilops forest also has socio-economic values—for example, as fodder for livestock, building material, medicine, charcoal, and firewood. In the KRI, Q. aegilops has been degrading due to anthropogenic threats (e.g., shifting cultivation, land use/land cover changes, civil war, and inadequate forest management policy) and these threats could increase as climate changes. In the KRI and Iraq as a whole, information on current and potential future geographical distributions of Q. aegilops is minimal or not existent. The objectives of this study were to (i) predict the current and future habitat suitability distributions of the species in relation to environmental variables and future climate change scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 2.6 2070 and RCP8.5 2070); and (ii) determine the most important environmental variables controlling the distribution of the species in the KRI. The objectives were achieved by using the MaxEnt (maximum entropy) algorithm, available records of Q. aegilops, and environmental variables. Results The model demonstrated that, under the RCP2.6 2070 and RCP8.5 2070 climate change scenarios, the distribution ranges of Q. aegilops would be reduced by 3.6% (1849.7 km2) and 3.16% (1627.1 km2), respectively. By contrast, the species ranges would expand by 1.5% (777.0 km2) and 1.7% (848.0 km2), respectively. The distribution of the species was mainly controlled by annual precipitation. Under future climate change scenarios, the centroid of the distribution would shift toward higher altitudes. Conclusions The results suggest (i) a significant suitable habitat range of the species will be lost in the KRI due to climate change by 2070 and (ii) the preference of the species for cooler areas (high altitude) with high annual precipitation. Conservation actions should focus on the mountainous areas (e.g., by establishment of national parks and protected areas) of the KRI as climate changes. These findings provide useful benchmarking guidance for the future investigation of the ecology of the oak forest, and the categorical current and potential habitat suitability maps can effectively be used to improve biodiversity conservation plans and management actions in the KRI and Iraq as a whole.

scholarly journals A Multimethod Analysis for Average Annual Precipitation Mapping in the Khorasan Razavi Province (Northeastern Iran)

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 592
Author(s):  
Mehdi Aalijahan ◽  
Azra Khosravichenar
Keyword(s):  
Regional Planning ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Distance Weighting ◽  
Average Annual Precipitation ◽  
Inverse Distance

The spatial distribution of precipitation is one of the most important climatic variables used in geographic and environmental studies. However, when there is a lack of full coverage of meteorological stations, precipitation estimations are necessary to interpolate precipitation for larger areas. The purpose of this research was to find the best interpolation method for precipitation mapping in the partly densely populated Khorasan Razavi province of northeastern Iran. To achieve this, we compared five methods by applying average precipitation data from 97 rain gauge stations in that province for a period of 20 years (1994–2014): Inverse Distance Weighting, Radial Basis Functions (Completely Regularized Spline, Spline with Tension, Multiquadric, Inverse Multiquadric, Thin Plate Spline), Kriging (Simple, Ordinary, Universal), Co-Kriging (Simple, Ordinary, Universal) with an auxiliary elevation parameter, and non-linear Regression. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and the Coefficient of Determination (R2) were used to determine the best-performing method of precipitation interpolation. Our study shows that Ordinary Co-Kriging with an auxiliary elevation parameter was the best method for determining the distribution of annual precipitation for this region, showing the highest coefficient of determination of 0.46% between estimated and observed values. Therefore, the application of this method of precipitation mapping would form a mandatory base for regional planning and policy making in the arid to semi-arid Khorasan Razavi province during the future.

Comparative Analysis or Precipitation Variation Characteristics between Subtropical Monsoon Climate and Temperate Monsoon Climate-Take Changsha and Chengde for Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1113-1122
Author(s):  
Bo Chen ◽  
Shi-jun Xu ◽  
Xin-ping Zhang ◽  
Yi Xie
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Intensity ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Precipitation Frequency ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
Average Precipitation ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Average Annual Precipitation

Using the methods of literature review, regression analysis and moving average, this paper selects the daily precipitation of Changsha and Chengde from 1951 to 1986 as samples, and analyzes the average precipitation, precipitation frequency, precipitation intensity, extreme precipitation time and other indicators of Changsha and Chengde from the perspective of interannual and seasonal changes Trends. The researches show that: the average precipitation of Changsha in the 36 years is 1151.2mm, spring is the wet season, autumn and winter are the dry seasons, and the maximum average precipitation is in spring; the average annual precipitation, precipitation frequency in spring, summer and winter, annual precipitation frequency, annual precipitation intensity and extreme precipitation events show a decreasing trend. The average annual precipitation of Chengde city is 454.1 mm, wet season in summer and dry season in spring, autumn and winter; the average annual precipitation, precipitation in four seasons, annual precipitation frequency, precipitation frequency in spring, autumn and winter, annual precipitation intensity and extreme precipitation events show a decreasing trend, while the precipitation frequency in summer shows an increasing trend. The study of regional climate change based on the time series data of this stage is of great significance to comprehensively understand the law of regional climate change and predict the future trend of climate change.

scholarly journals Analysis of climate change in Dnipropetrovsk Region

2017 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
V. V. Hrynchak
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Absolute Temperature ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Weather Observations ◽  
Average Annual Temperature

The decision about writing this article was made after familiarization with the "Brief Climatic Essay of Dnepropetrovsk City (prepared based on observations of 1886 – 1937)" written by the Head of the Dnipropetrovsk Weather Department of the Hydrometeorological Service A. N. Mikhailov. The guide has a very interesting fate: in 1943 it was taken by the Nazis from Dnipropetrovsk and in 1948 it returned from Berlin back to the Ukrainian Hydrometeorological and Environmental Directorate of the USSR, as evidenced by a respective entry on the Essay's second page. Having these invaluable materials and data of long-term weather observations in Dnipro city we decided to analyze climate changes in Dnipropetrovsk region. The article presents two 50-year periods, 1886-1937 and 1961-2015, as examples. Series of observations have a uniform and representative character because they were conducted using the same methodology and results processing. We compared two main characteristics of climate: air temperature and precipitation. The article describes changes of average annual temperature values and absolute temperature values. It specifies the shift of seasons' dates and change of seasons' duration. We studied the changes of annual precipitation and peculiarities of their seasonable distribution. Apart from that peculiarities of monthly rainfall fluctuations and their heterogeneity were specified. Since Dnipro city is located in the center of the region the identified tendencies mainly reflect changes of climatic conditions within the entire Dnipropetrovsk region.

ECOLOGICAL FACTORS OF THE NORTHERN REGION AND HIGHLAND ZONE INFLUENCE ON YIELD FORMATION OF EARLY MATURING POTATOES VARIETIES

1970 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Е. V. Oves ◽  
Е. V. Nikolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
June July

The aim of the research was to study the yield indicators of 36 early maturing potato varieties in the northern region (Arkhangelsk region) and the highlands of the North Caucasus (an altitude of 2500 m above sea level). The experimental work was carried out in 2015–2020. The characteristic features of the northern region are the light period (up to 21 hours in June – July), which contributes to an increase in the duration of the interphase periods of plant development, in the highlands – a short light period (14 hours), a sharp temperature drop in the daytime (15.1 – 25.8 °С) and night (7.8 – 15.2 ° C) hours, intense solar insolation. The peat-podzolic-gley soils of the northern region were characterized by a lower humus content (3.7%) and a high content of potassium (240 – 267 mg / kg) in comparison with the mountain meadow subalpine soils of the highlands (6.7% and 102 – 120 mg / kg, respectively). Potatoes were planted in early June and harvested in early September, 25 tubers of each variety according to the scheme 0.7×0.3 m, the area of the registration plot was 5.25 m². Using the methods of cluster and discriminant analyzes, the varieties were grouped and the most productive genotypes were identified by a set of indicators: the multiplication factor, plant productivity and the average tuber weight. In the northern region, the best varieties were Gulliver, Udacha, Krepysh, Solist, Leader, Darenka, Breeze, Red Lady, Riviera and Vineta, which formed from 8.1 to 11.4 tubers per plant with an average weight of 37.0 – 67.9 g and productivity 400 – 633 g. In the highlands, the most productive varieties were Gulliver, Yakutyanka, Yugana, Darenka, Leader, Breeze, Red Lady, Impala and Rosara, which formed from 11.8 to 19.8 tubers per plant with an average weight of  56.5 – 70, 6 g and productivity 830 – 1140 g.

scholarly journals Spatial structure of the Kodar-Kalar orobiome botanical diversity on bioclimatic basis

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 00007
Author(s):  
Maxim V. Bocharnikov ◽  
Anton A. Stas’ko
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Global Climate Model ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
Larch Forests ◽  
Altitudinal Belts ◽  
Botanical Diversity ◽  
Average Annual Precipitation

Bioclimatic substantiation of the vegetation spatial structure of the Kodar-Kalar orobiome on the basis of altitudinal vegetation divisions using the global climate model (BioClim) was carried out. Statistical analysis showed differences between altitudinal belts, sub-belts and also larch forests types on average annual temperature and average annual precipitation. The possibility of using the climate as a factor of differentiation of the vegetation cover at the regional level has been proved.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Variability of Precipitation in Beijing, China during the Wet Seasons

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meifang Ren ◽  
Zongxue Xu ◽  
Bo Pang ◽  
Jiangtao Liu ◽  
Longgang Du
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Circulation Index ◽  
Intensity Index ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
The Past ◽  
Beijing China ◽  
Average Annual Precipitation

To comprehensively evaluate the changes in precipitation patterns in the context of global climate change and urbanization, the spatiotemporal variability of precipitation during the wet seasons of 1981–2017 in Beijing was analyzed in this study using up-to-date daily and hourly precipitation data from observation stations. It was concluded that the average annual precipitation in wet seasons showed a downward trend, while the simple daily intensity index (SDII) showed an upward trend. Precipitation in the central urban area of Beijing showed obvious changes from 1981 to 2017; the average annual precipitation in the central urban area was almost as great as that in Miyun country after 2010, which was the storm center for the past three decades. The average annual maximum 3-h and 6-h precipitation in the 2010s was higher than the past three decades, especially in urban and suburban areas. In addition, the atmospheric circulation index, urbanization impact, and topography were all found to be important factors that affect the pattern of precipitation in Beijing.

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