scholarly journals Nutraceutical potential of rose hips of three wild Rosa species from Western Himalaya, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 12471
Author(s):  
Kanwaljeet SINGH ◽  
Deepika SINGH ◽  
Javaid F. LONE ◽  
Sheetal BHAT ◽  
Yash P. SHARMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Western Himalaya ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Appreciable Amount ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins ◽  
The Rose

Recently, the use of hips of different rose species has increased due to its nutritional and health-promoting benefits. Rose hips contain a rich amount of ascorbic acid, phenolics, and various other bioactive constituents. Based on the distribution and variation in the morphological characters, rose hips of nine accessions belonging to the three species viz. Rosa webbiana Wall. ex Royle, R. moschata Herrm., and R. canina L. were studied. The rose hips were evaluated for moisture, carbohydrates, total protein, crude fat, total phenolic, crude fibers, water-soluble vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins, and mineral contents. An appreciable amount of the studied biochemical parameters with significant variations was observed in the rose hips originated from different regions. Results demonstrated the high nutraceutical potential of these species and indicated that their rose hips could be promoted as a functional food in the region. Furthermore, the phytonutrient-rich composition of the region's rose hips was revealed when the current study's findings were compared to previous studies. Therefore, they may be considered ingredients in food and dietary supplement formulations, phytopharmaceutical sector and can be quickly brought under cultivation. Furthermore, findings based on the scientific evidence indicate that the information on the pharmacological and toxicological of R. webbiana and R. moschata is very scanty or lacking; therefore, needing more research interest.

scholarly journals 89 Controlling intrinsic pathways to optimize efficiencies of mineral and vitamin use by sows

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
Thomas D Crenshaw ◽  
Mariola Grez Capdeville ◽  
Laura A Amundson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Nutrient Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Safety Margins ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins

Abstract Nutrient efficiency concepts seem to have been ignored in applications of diet formulations for the breeding herd, especially for minerals and vitamins. Historically, gestating sows were notably the animal that could withstand marginal, or minimal fortifications of nutrients. The sow was resilient to nutrient inputs. Ample examples illustrate the ability of sows to adapt to marginal nutrient inputs by improvements in efficiency, and thus, avoid reduced productivity. Over-supplementation of nutrients precludes adaptive improvements in efficiency and leads to substantial environmental impacts and economic losses. Failure to focus on optimizing nutrient efficiency contributes to negative consumer perceptions, which imply that modern swine production is not sustainable. Understanding intrinsic pathways provide opportunities to improve nutrient efficiencies for both macro- and micro- minerals, and fat-soluble vitamins. As an example, over-supplementation of 0.10% excess P to sow herd diets equates to an excess of 4,745 metric tons of P that must be accommodated in manure nutrient management plans. The recent global shortage of vitamins captured the attention of nutritionists and raised questions around sufficient safety margins needed for vitamins. Based on our research efforts, the minimal vitamin D requirement for sows is likely around 300 IU D3/kg diet, yet commercial diets are commonly supplemented at 6X that level. The historical recommendations that 1.5X requirements for fat soluble vitamins and 3X requirements for water soluble vitamins provide sufficient safety margins have been largely ignored in current production applications. Does scientific evidence support such extreme over-supplementation? In conclusion, understanding intrinsic pathways to improve gestating sow nutrient efficiencies provides opportunities for significant impacts on the balance between meeting animal needs and minimizing environmental impacts. As an industry our research efforts and practical applications must focus on positive ways to capture nutrient efficiency, especially in mineral and vitamin fortifications, in order to promote a sustainable industry.

scholarly journals Metabolite and Elastase Activity Changes in Beach Rose (Rosa rugosa) Fruit and Seeds at Various Stages of Ripeness

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1283
Author(s):  
Seung-Hun Chae ◽  
Young-Sang Lee ◽  
Jin-Hee Kim ◽  
Tae-Ho Han ◽  
Kang-Mo Ku
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Rosa Rugosa ◽  
Optimal Harvest ◽  
Rose Hip ◽  
The Rose

Rose hips are the fruits of the beach rose (Rosa rugosa). To determine the optimal harvest time and to obtain the maximum functional compounds, rose hips at various stages of ripeness (immature, early, mid, and late) were harvested, and the flesh tissue and seeds were separated. The rose hip flesh showed the highest total phenolic content at the mid-ripeness stage (8.45 ± 0.62 mg/g gallic acid equivalent concentration (dry weight)). The early-, mid-, and late-ripeness stages of rose hip flesh did not show significantly different 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl antioxidant capacities. The elastase inhibitory activity of the 95% ethanol extract from the rose hip seeds was highest at the mid-ripeness stage; however, the elastase inhibitory activity of the rose hip tissue was not significantly different from that of the seeds. Pathway analysis using MetaboAnalyst showed that sucrose, fructose, and glucose gradually increased as the fruit ripened. Ursolic acid was detected in the seeds but not in the flesh. Of the fatty acids, linoleic acid concentrations were highest in rose hip seeds, followed by linolenic acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid. Fatty acids and ursolic acid might be the active compounds responsible for elastase inhibitory activity and can be utilized as a functional cosmetic material.

scholarly journals RP-HPLC based evidences of rich sources of Phenolics and water-soluble vitamins in an annual sedge Cyperus compressus

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-311
Author(s):  
Sudeshna Datta ◽  
◽  
Tapan Seal ◽  
BK Sinha ◽  
Soumen Bhattacharjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Vitamin Supplement ◽  
Excellent Source

The present study makes an effort to evaluate the content of water-soluble vitamins like ascorbic acid (C), thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6) and folic acid (B9) by HPLC of Cyperus compressus. The in vitro antioxidant activity was carried out in different solvent system of varying polarity. The 70% ethanol appeared to be the most potent solvent for extraction of antioxidant compounds. The total phenolic and flavonoid content were found 72.544 ± 0.144 mg/g dm and 12.930 ± 0.144 mg/g dm respectively in the plant. Simultaneous HPLC fingerprinting of some standard phenolic acids and flavonoids in the 70 % aqueous ethanol extract was also carried out. B vitamins ranged between 0.028 to 0.431 mg/100g dm. The results confirm that this annual sedge is an excellent source of antioxidant- based phytonutrients, which could be used for the good of human being at the same time it can be used as a vitamin supplement to our diet. The study also provides the scientific basis of traditional significance of Cyperus compressus

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Crude Protein, Total Phenolic and Antioxidant Contents of Raw and Commercially Packed Turmeric and Red Chilies

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Rubaiat Nazneen Akhand ◽  
Shoriful Islam ◽  
Mohammad Mehedi Hasan Khan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Chili Powder

Background: Turmeric and red chili are the common spices used for cuisine preparation in Bangladesh. Commercially packed turmeric and red chili might have decreased nutrient contents compared to raw turmeric and red chili. Aims:  The study aimed to compare some of the nutrient values between the commercially packed and raw turmeric and red chili. Methods: Commercially packed turmeric and red chili with different brand names (Radhuni, Tiger and Pran) and in raw turmeric and red chili were purchased from local market. Proximate analyses - dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF) and mineral contents were performed. The total phenolics and total tannin contents were determined using appropriate methods. Results: The proximate analysis results showed that both Radhuni (97.56 mg/g) and Tiger (97.28 mg/g) turmeric revealed significantly higher content of DM (p<0.001). No notable difference was observed in CP value. Crude fiber value displayed significantly highest value (p<0.001) in Tiger brand (4.96 mg/g) and the lowest in Radhuni brand (1.76 mg/g). Mineral content was significantly (p<0.05) highest in raw turmeric (9.97 mg/g). A significantly higher amount (p<0.001) of DM in packed chili was recorded. Tiger chili contained significantly higher amount of CP (6.02 mg/g) and CF (9.31 mg/g) while Radhuni contained the lower amount of CP (4.81 mg/g) and CF (2.48 mg/g). Raw chili had significantly higher amount of ash (13.24 mg/g). Examination revealed significant level (p<0.001) of total phenolics in acetone extracts of Tiger turmeric and chili powder. Significant amount of tannin was found in raw turmeric (33.89 µg/g; p<0.005); however, Pran brand of turmeric had the lowest amount of tannin (9.53 µg/g). Tannin content recorded in red chili was significantly (p<0.001) higher in commercially packed Tiger brand which was 16.57 µg/g compared to raw red chili (3.315 µg/g). Antioxidant analysis showed higher antioxidant activity in both raw turmeric and red chili powder. Conclusion:  Tiger brand turmeric ensures the standard moisture, fiber and protein contents as well as the amount of phenolics and tannin.

scholarly journals Analysis of biochemical composition and antioxidant properties of nuts sold in the consumer marke

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
L. P. Nilova ◽  
S. M. Malyutenkova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Triton X

The results of studies of the biochemical composition and antioxidant properties of nuts sold in the consumer market of St. Petersburg were presented in the work. The objects of research were kernels of nuts: sweet almonds, hazelnuts, cashews, walnuts. Total Soxhlet lipids, fatty acid composition, vitamin E, fractional composition of tocopherols and phytosterols, total phenolic compounds and flavonoids, antioxidant activity by FRAP with ferric chloride, o-phenanthroline and Triton X 100 were determined in nuts. Nuts varied in lipid content (42.6–65.4%) with a predominance of unsaturated fatty acids from 80.4 to 92.4 relative%. Oleic acid prevailed in the fatty acids of almonds, hazelnuts and cashews, while linoleic acid prevailed in walnuts. Walnuts contained the highest amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The antioxidant properties of nuts were formed by a complex of water and fat-soluble antioxidants. Fat-soluble antioxidants included vitamin E with a predominance of ?-tocopherol in the kernels of sweet almonds and hazelnuts, ?-tocopherol - in walnuts and cashews. Only sweet almond kernels contained all the tocopherol fractions. ?- and ?-tocopherols were absent in hazelnut lipids, while ?-tocopherols were absent in cashews and walnuts. ?-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol with a predominance of ?-sitosterol were identified in the composition of phytosterols in all nut kernels. Water-soluble antioxidants are mainly represented by phenolic compounds, the amount of which varies widely depending on the type of nuts: cashews

scholarly journals The Influence of pH and Temperature on Water as a Pressurized Fluid in the Extraction of Bioactive Myconutrients from Chaga Mushroom (Inonotus obliquus)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim M. Abu-Reidah ◽  
Amber Critch ◽  
Charles Manful ◽  
Amanda Rajakaruna ◽  
Natalia Prieto Vidal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Inonotus Obliquus ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
Green Food ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins ◽  
First Time

Mushrooms have long rich history in folk medicine, traditional and functional foods due to high content of dietary myco-nutrients. Currently, there is increased interest in finding appropriate food-grade green ex-traction systems capable of extracting these bioactive compounds from dietary mushrooms for applica-tions in various food, pharmacological or nutraceutical formulations. Herein, we evaluated a modified Swiss water process (SWP) method using alkaline and acidic pH at low and high temperature under pressurized conditions as a suitable green food grade solvent to obtained extracts enriched with my-co-nutrients (dietary phenolics, total antioxidants (TAA), vitamins, and minerals) from Chaga. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution accurate mass tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRAMS-MS/MS) was used to assess the phenolic compounds and vitamin levels in the extracts, while inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine the mineral con-tents. Over twenty phenolic compounds were quantitatively evaluated in the extracts and the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity was observed at pH11.5 at 100&deg;C. The most abundant phenolic compounds present in Chaga extracts included phenolic acids such as protocatechuic acid 4-glucoside (0.7-1.08&micro;g/mL), syringic acid (0.62-1.18&micro;g/mL), and myricetin (0.68-1.3&micro;g/mL). Vitamins are being reported for the first time in Chaga. pH 2.5 at 100&deg;C treatment shows superior effects in extracting the B vitamins whereas pH 2.5 at 60 and 100&deg;C treatments were outstanding for extraction of total fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamin E content was the highest for the fat-soluble vitamins in the Chaga extract under acidic pH (2.5) and high temp. (100&deg;C) and ranges between 50 to 175 &micro;g/100g Chaga. Antioxidant minerals ranged from 85.94 &micro;g/g (pH7 at 100&deg;C) to 113.86 &micro;g/g DW (pH2.5 at 100&deg;C). High temperature 100&deg;C and a pH of 2.5 or 9.5. The treatment of pH11.5 at 100&deg;C was the most useful for recovering phenolics and antioxidants from Chaga including several phenolic compounds reported for the first time in Chaga. SWP is being proposed herein for the first time as a novel, green food-grade solvent system for the extraction of myco-nutrients from Chaga and have potential applications as a suitable approach to extract nutrients from other matrices. Chaga extracts enriched with bioactive myconutrients and antioxidants may be suitable for further use or applications in the food and nutraceutical industries.

scholarly journals Green and facile synthesis of water-soluble carbon dots from ethanolic shallot extract for chromium ion sensing in milk, fruit juices, and wastewater samples

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (35) ◽  
pp. 20638-20645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinawooth Sakaew ◽  
Phitchan Sricharoen ◽  
Nunticha Limchoowong ◽  
Prawit Nuengmatcha ◽  
Chunyapuk Kukusamude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Chromium Ion ◽  
Ion Sensing ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Soluble Carbon

Self-functionalized carbon dots (CDs) were prepared from ethanolic shallot extract to obtain a total phenolic precursor.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Variations in Calligonum comosumL`Her (Polygonaceae) Grown in Al-Nefud Desert in Saudi Arabia

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Taia ◽  
S. A. I. Moussa
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fruit Morphology ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Phenotypic Variations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cleome Arabica ◽  
Response To Change ◽  
Eleven Species

Vegetative community structures and phenotypic variations within Calligonum comosum L`Her individuals grown in two different locations in Al-Nefud desert in Saudi Arabia; Nefud Al-Shakika and Al-Dahnaa, have been studied. Eleven species have been recorded in both areas; five of them were present in both locations. Ephedra elata and Convolvulus lanatus were recorded in Nefud Al-Shakika only. While Heliotropium bacciferum, Cleome arabica, Dodonaea viscosa and Erodium gleurocophyllum were found in Al-Dahnaa only. The importance values of the species recorded have been calculated and cluster analyses of the studied quadrates have been made using TWINSPAN method. Vegetative morphological characters showed great variations within C. comosum collected from the two locations. Floral morphological characters are more stable, except the fruit colour and hair which was different in the C. comosum plants grown in the two locations. Epidermal stem secretions as well as mineral contents varied in response to change in locations. ANOVA test have been carried out to evaluate the differences between the two areas. The variations in these characters are discussed according to the difference in climates, soil characters and water availability. Keywords: Phenotypic variation; Vegetative morphology; Fruit morphology; Pollen grains; Mineral contents; Al-Nefud- Al-Dahnaa. © 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.7010                 J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 421-435 (2011)

Improvement of enzyme carbon paste-based biosensor using carbon nanotubes for determination of water-soluble analogue of vitamin E

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Sýs ◽  
Radovan Metelka ◽  
Tomáš Mikysek ◽  
Karel Vytřas
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power

AbstractThe catalytic oxidation of a synthetic water-soluble analogue of vitamin E (α-tocopherol, Trolox) by tyrosinase enzyme in the presence of molecular oxygen was studied using electrochemical techniques. This specific enzymatic reaction was exploited for the preparation of a biosensor based on the amperometric reduction of the electroactive product (α-tocoquinone) formed. An electroactive surface of the transducers used was covered with a thin conductive layer of Nafion containing tyrosinase. Significant progress in sensitivity towards polyphenolic compounds such as Trolox was achieved at CPE with carbon nanotubes immobilised on its surface (CPE/CNTs) as electric transducers. The biosensor so developed can be used for the direct determination of total phenolic content (TPC). This important nutrition value can be expressed as the mass equivalent of Trolox, i.e. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), which could be used as an alternative to the evaluations currently used based on spectrophotometric methods such as total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP), ferric reducing-antioxidant power (FRAP) or 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl spectrometric assay (DPPH). The effects of the enzyme amount in the Nafion layer (3.0 μg), the influence of the nanoparticles present, the optimal pH value suitable for enzymatic activity (7.0), and the kinetics of enzymatic and electrochemical reactions were studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The determination of optimal conditions for amperometry in batch configuration (working potential, speed of stirring, volume of sample, calibration curve, etc.) was not a target of this electrochemical study.

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