The road to remyelination in demyelinating diseases: current status and prospects for clinical treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharath Wootla ◽  
Jens O Watzlawik ◽  
Aleksandar Denic ◽  
Moses Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Treatment ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The Road

i1-net: The Iran Strong Motion Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Pourmohammad Shahvar ◽  
Esmaeil Farzanegan ◽  
Attiyeh Eshaghi ◽  
Hossein Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
The Road ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Ground Motion Records ◽  
Strong Motion Network ◽  
Strong Ground

Abstract Strong ground-motion records are the primary input data in earthquake engineering studies to improve understanding of seismic hazard and risk. As the overseer of the Iran Strong Motion Network (i1-net), the Road, Housing, and Urban Development Research Center occupies the leading position in this field in the country. With more than 1260 active accelerometers and a collection of over 14,129 earthquake recordings since 1973, the Iran Strong Motion Network is the major Iranian source of information for engineering seismology and earthquake engineering. The present article describes the current status and developments of the i1-net in the last 46 yr.

scholarly journals The road to generating transplantable organs: from blastocyst complementation to interspecies chimeras

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Canbin Zheng ◽  
Emily B. Ballard ◽  
Jun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Divergent Evolution ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
The Road ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Blastocyst Complementation ◽  
Donor Cells ◽  
Host Embryo

ABSTRACT Growing human organs in animals sounds like something from the realm of science fiction, but it may one day become a reality through a technique known as interspecies blastocyst complementation. This technique, which was originally developed to study gene function in development, involves injecting donor pluripotent stem cells into an organogenesis-disabled host embryo, allowing the donor cells to compensate for missing organs or tissues. Although interspecies blastocyst complementation has been achieved between closely related species, such as mice and rats, the situation becomes much more difficult for species that are far apart on the evolutionary tree. This is presumably because of layers of xenogeneic barriers that are a result of divergent evolution. In this Review, we discuss the current status of blastocyst complementation approaches and, in light of recent progress, elaborate on the keys to success for interspecies blastocyst complementation and organ generation.

Research Commentary—The Digital Transformation of Healthcare: Current Status and the Road Ahead

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 796-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Agarwal ◽  
Guodong (Gordon) Gao ◽  
Catherine DesRoches ◽  
Ashish K. Jha
Keyword(s):  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The Road

scholarly journals Preventing Emergency Vehicle Crashes: Status and Challenges of Human Factors Issues

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1048-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Hsiao ◽  
Joonho Chang ◽  
Peter Simeonov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Emergency Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Objective: This study reports current status of knowledge and challenges associated with the emergency vehicle (police car, fire truck, and ambulance) crashes, with respect to the major contributing risk factors. Background: Emergency vehicle crashes are a serious nationwide problem, causing injury and death to emergency responders and citizens. Understanding the underlying causes of these crashes is critical for establishing effective strategies for reducing the occurrence of similar incidents. Method: We reviewed the broader literature associated with the contributing factors for emergency vehicle crashes: peer-reviewed journal papers; and reports, policies, and manuals published by government agencies, universities, and research institutes. Results: Major risk factors for emergency vehicle crashes identified in this study were organized into four categories: driver, task, vehicle, and environmental factors. Also, current countermeasures and interventions to mitigate the hazards of emergency vehicle crashes were discussed, and new ideas for future studies were suggested. Conclusion: Risk factors, control measures, and knowledge gaps relevant to emergency vehicle crashes were presented. Six research concepts are offered for the human factors community to address. Among the topics are emergency vehicle driver risky behavior carryover between emergency response and return from a call, distraction in emergency vehicle driving, in-vehicle driver assistance technologies, vehicle red light running, and pedestrian crash control. Application: This information is helpful for emergency vehicle drivers, safety practitioners, public safety agencies, and research communities to mitigate crash risks. It also offers ideas for researchers to advance technologies and strategies to further emergency vehicle safety on the road.

scholarly journals The Road to Big Data Standardisation

2021 ◽  
pp. 333-354
Author(s):  
Ray Walshe
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Use ◽  
Single Market ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
The Road ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
European Standards ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThis chapter covers the critical topic of standards within the area of big data. Starting with an overview of standardisation as a means for achieving interoperability, the chapter moves on to identify the European Standards Development Organizations that contribute to the European Commission’s plan for the Digital Single Market. The author goes on to describe, through use cases, exemplar big data challenges, demonstrates the need for standardisation and finally identifies the critical big data use cases where standards can add value. The chapter provides an overview of the key standardisation activities within the EU and the current status of international standardisation efforts. Finally, the chapter closes with future trends for big data standardisation.

scholarly journals Road Safety – Is It a Local Government Priority? (What Does the Experience Suggest?)

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
David McTiernan
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Local Roads ◽  
National Road ◽  
Serious Injuries ◽  
Local Road

As the road authority for the unclassified (i.e. local) roads in their local government area, councils have the legislated responsibility to manage their road infrastructure; this fundamentally includes the safety of road users on their networks. Almost 70% of the 392 fatalities on NSW roads in 2017 occurred on country roads (Transport for NSW, 2018). The contribution of the local road network to road trauma across Australasia is significant with over half (52%) of all fatal and serious injuries recorded on roads that are the sole responsibility of local government (McTiernan et. al., 2016). Governments at all levels - Local, State and Federal – can no longer ignore the contribution of local roads to the national tragedy and trauma occurring each year. Without a concerted effort by all tiers of government to address road safety performance on the vast local road network, Australia will not achieve the 30% reduction target in fatal and serious injuries as set out in the National Road Safety Plan. Unfortunately, the current status for managing safety on local roads sees a myriad of systemic hurdles and failures that ultimately result in local government not making road safety a genuine priority. But what is required to change this situation? Two case studies are presented to assist a discussion about some of the systemic failures that contribute to local councils not taking, or not being able to take, action to make road safety a genuine priority.

Accounting in 2036: A Learned Profession

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 387-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Business School ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Institutional Barriers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
History Of ◽  
Impossible Task ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT My assignment is to analyze the development of accounting thought and its position within the university. The focus is on the expected development in the next 20 years, despite the fact that that is an impossible task. I will ruthlessly extrapolate from my personal observations of the activities in the accounting community. In doing this, I will deal with accounting research, the relationship between research and teaching within the field of accounting, and the relation to other disciplines in the business school. This will be done in three steps. I will give a brief review of the recent history of accounting thoughts, then comment on current status of 2016, and, finally, give some perspectives. The road ahead is going to be bumpy as many institutional barriers are in the way. This has to change for the accounting academics to retake their space in the academic community.

scholarly journals Chimeric antigen receptor–modified T cells: CD19 and the road beyond

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 131 (24) ◽  
pp. 2621-2629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander I. Salter ◽  
Margot J. Pont ◽  
Stanley R. Riddell
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Adoptive Cell Therapy ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
T Cell Therapy ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
The Road ◽  
Car T

Abstract The ability to harness a patient’s immune system to target malignant cells is now transforming the treatment of many cancers, including hematologic malignancies. The adoptive transfer of T cells selected for tumor reactivity or engineered with natural or synthetic receptors has emerged as an effective modality, even for patients with tumors that are refractory to conventional therapies. The most notable example of adoptive cell therapy is with T cells engineered to express synthetic chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that reprogram their specificity to target CD19. CAR T cells have shown remarkable antitumor activity in patients with refractory B-cell malignancies. Ongoing research is focused on understanding the mechanisms of incomplete tumor elimination, reducing toxicities, preventing antigen escape, and identifying suitable targets and strategies based on established and emerging principles of synthetic biology for extending this approach to other hematologic malignancies. This review will discuss the current status, challenges, and potential future applications of CAR T-cell therapy in hematologic malignancies.

scholarly journals Non-Governmental Health Organizations in Palestine from Israeli Occupation to Palestinian Authority

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Reem Abuiyada ◽  
Ra’ed Abdulkarim
Keyword(s):  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Palestinian Authority ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
West Bank And Gaza ◽  
Israeli Occupation ◽  
Do So

The paper examined the Palestinian Non-Governmental Organisations (PNGOs) from a historical perspective with focus on their roles, the challenges they faced, and their current status after the establishment of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) in 1994.It also examined their driving motives, their contributions to the advancement and development of the Palestinian society, and the challenges they faced. The role of health in development is highlighted and an introduction to NGOs in general is offered, with emphasis on their characteristics in comparison to the public and private sectors after the establishment of the PNA in parts of the West Bank and Gaza Strip (WBG).It is clear that PNGOs in general and health NGOs in particular played an instrumental role in providing much needed health services, but also in paving the road for the establishment of a Palestinian state. The paper showed that there are three main challenges that faced NGOs, namely, political challenges, financial challenges and the unclear role of the PNA. The first two challenges faced NGOs during the Israeli occupation and continue to do so after the establishment of the PNA. The third challenge became relevant only after the establishment of the PNA in parts of the WBG.

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