scholarly journals Biochemical profile of Mangalarga Marchador mares during the last third of pregnancy, foaling and lactation

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheline Ozana da Silva ◽  
José Dantas Ribeiro Filho ◽  
Waleska de Melo Ferreira Dantas ◽  
Bruna Maria Ribeiro ◽  
Pedro Ancelmo Nunes Ermita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Biochemical Constituents ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT: Adaptive changes in metabolism may occur under specific physiological conditions, being necessary the knowledge of the biochemical constituents that can undergo variations during the sixty days before foaling, until the first sixty days of lactation. The present study aimed to identify and evaluate the biochemical profile of Mangalarga Marchador mares during the last third of pregnancy, foaling and lactation. For this, 48 mares were used, which formed a maintenance group (MG), composed of non-pregnant mares and an experimental group, called the transition group (TG), formed by pregnant mares. Blood samples were collected at the following times: MG was evaluated in a single time (beginning of all collections); TG was evaluated in seven times [T-60, T-30, T-15 (days before foaling), T0 (first six hours after foaling), T15, T30, T60 (days after foaling)]. All animals were submitted to biochemical analysis, in which the concentrations of total calcium, chloride, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, uric acid, creatinine, and urea were measured. The two groups differed significantly (P<0.05) in calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, creatinine, uric acid and urea concentration. Variation between times was also observed for these compounds. However, chloride and phosphorus did not differ between MG and TG. It was concluded that the last third of pregnancy, foaling and lactation exerts major influence on the biochemical constituents of blood through adjustments to maintain homeostasis in mares.

scholarly journals The Physiology Of Excretion In A Blood-Sucking Insect, Rhodnius Prolixus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae)

1931 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-427
Author(s):  
V. B. WIGGLESWORTH
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Clear Fluid ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Single Meal ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

An adult Rhodnius will ingest from two to three times its weight of blood at a single meal, and about three-quarters of the water in this blood is excreted as a clear fluid during the next three or four hours. This fluid is alkaline (pH 7.8), more or less isotonic with the blood (sp. gr. 1.007; Δ = 0.62-0.68), and serves for the elimination of most of the sodium and potassium chlorides in the meal. It also contains urea, bicarbonate, sulphate and uric acid. After the first day, the urine gradually becomes acid (pH 6.0-6.5 and much more concentrated, and contains a yellow pigment. Uratic spheres appear and increase in number until the urine is semi-solid. The urine now contains only traces of sodium, potassium, chloride and urea. There are small amounts of calcium, magnesium, phosphate, sulphate, creatine and probably amino acids. There is never any ammonia. Almost all the nitrogen is excreted as uric acid. This is in the form of minute spheres with radial striation, in which about 80 to 90 per cent, of the uric acid is free; the rest, presumably, as sodium and potassium acid urate.

scholarly journals Comparison of laparotomic omentopexy vs. laparoscopic abomasopexy treatments of left displaced abomasum in dairy cows under field conditions: biochemical analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-216
Author(s):  
Tomáš Haloun ◽  
Radko Rajmon ◽  
Dalibor Řehák ◽  
Helena Hartlová ◽  
Zuzana Ptáčková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Haptoglobin Concentration ◽  
The Difference

The objective of this retrospective study was to compare the effects of the two methods (laparoscopic or laparotomic) of LDA (left displaced abomasum) correction under field conditions by means of survival rate and biochemical profile evaluation. Holstein cows from one farm with LDA over a 20-month period were included in the study. Cows underwent laparoscopic abomasopexy (Janowitz’s method, LS) or a laparotomic right flank omentopexy (Dirksen’s method, LT). Blood samples for biochemical analysis were taken just prior to surgery (D1) and on days 10 (D10) and 30 (D30) following surgery. Blood profiles of healthy cows identified from the farm’s routine transition cow monitoring program were used as control (C). Aiming to minimize disruptive effects of quite a long period of data collection, the cows’ biochemical profile was evaluated in three orthogonal comparisons: LS cows vs. control group, LT cows vs. control group, and LS cows vs. LT cows. The rate of animal survival was similar for both methods (loss of about 11% until 30 days after treatment). Most of the blood parameters from LS and LT groups were comparable in all three sampling terms indicating continual organism recovery. At D10 the difference of higher cholesterol concentration and lower haptoglobin concentration were favourable for the LS group (P < 0.05). Total protein, calcium, magnesium and albumin showed more positive dynamics in the LS group too. This proves previous laboratory and clinical indices of expediency of LDA laparoscopy treatment under field conditions.

Evaluation of Renal Function of Apparently Healthy Male Cannabis Smokers of College of Health Sciences, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Analike Rosemary Adamma ◽  
Emekwue Loveth ◽  
Ogbodo Emmanuel Chukwuemeka ◽  
Ezeugwunne Ifeoma Priscilla ◽  
Onoh Joy Obioma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The use of Cannabis sativa is on the increase worldwide especially among adolescents and youths. This study investigated the effect of cannabis smoking on renal functions in young and apparently healthy male students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi campus, Anambra state, Nigeria. A total of 60 male (40 cannabis smokers and 20 controls) subjects participated in this study. A well-structured questionnaire was used to obtain the demographic data and anthropometric of subjects. Thereafter, 5mls of fasting blood sample was collected from the subjects into plain container for the estimation of biochemical parameters (creatinine, urea, uric acid, electrolytes). Renal parameters were estimated using standard methods. Data obtained were statistically analyzed using paired student t-test and pearson r correlation. Result showed that the mean serum levels of urea, creatinine, K+, Na+, Cl-, ionized calcium, total calcium, total carbon dioxide, anion gap, and pH were not significantly different in both smokers and control subjects(p>0.05). However, there was significantly higher mean serum level of uric acid (2.42 ± 38.54 vs 1.92 ± 41.61; p<0.05) and total calcium (16.0 ± 0.30 vs 10.24 ± 0.18; p<0.05) in smokers compared with control subjects. Again, BMI was significantly higher in smokers compared with non-smokers (23.96 ± 3.15; p<0.05 Vs 21.95 ± 2.17; p<0.05). Therefore, cannabis use had no deleterious effect on the kidneys, but the significantly higher uric acid levels in the smokers may provide some anti-oxidant protection. However, further studies are necessary to further unravel the full potentials of cannabis use.

scholarly journals Coffee Brews: Are They a Source of Macroelements in Human Nutrition?

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1328
Author(s):  
Ewa Olechno ◽  
Anna Puścion-Jakubik ◽  
Katarzyna Socha ◽  
Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Human Nutrition ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Coffee Brew ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Coffee Brews

Coffee brews, made by pouring water on coffee grounds or brewing in an espresso machine, are among the most popular beverages. The aim of this study was to summarize data on the content of macroelements (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus) in coffee brews prepared with different methods, as well as to review the factors influencing the content of the elements. Studies from 2000 to 2020, published in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, were reviewed. Taking into account the results presented by the authors, we calculated that one portion of coffee brew can cover 7.5% or 6.4% (for women and men) and 6.6% of the daily requirement for magnesium and potassium, respectively. Coffee provides slightly lower amounts of phosphorus (up to 2.2%), sodium (up to 2.2%), and calcium (up to 0.7% of the daily requirement for women and 0.6% for men). If coffee is drunk in the quantity of three to four cups, it can be an important source of magnesium, considering the risk of magnesium deficiency in modern societies.

scholarly journals Interference of ascorbic acid with chemical analytes

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 475-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing H Meng ◽  
William C Irwin ◽  
Jennifer Fesser ◽  
K Lorne Massey
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Concentration ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb

Background: Ascorbic acid can interfere with methodologies involving redox reactions, while comprehensive studies on main chemistry analysers have not been reported. We therefore attempted to determine the interference of ascorbic acid with analytes on the Beckman Synchron LX20®. Methods: Various concentrations of ascorbic acid were added to serum, and the serum analytes were measured on the LX20. Results: With a serum ascorbic acid concentration of 12.0 mmol/L, the values for sodium, potassium, calcium and creatinine increased by 43%, 58%, 103% and 26%, respectively ( P<0.01). With a serum ascorbic acid concentration of 12.0 mmol/L, the values for chloride, total bilirubin and uric acid decreased by 33%, 62% and 83%, respectively ( P<0.01), and were undetectable for total cholesterol, triglyceride, ammonia and lactate. There was no definite influence of ascorbic acid on analytical values for total CO2, urea, glucose, phosphate, total protein, albumin, amylase, creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total iron, unbound iron-binding capacity or magnesium. Conclusions: Ascorbic acid causes a false increase in sodium, potassium, calcium and creatinine results and a false decrease in chloride, total bilirubin, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglyceride, ammonia and lactate results.

scholarly journals Molecular Elucidation of a Urate Oxidase from Deinococcus radiodurans for Hyperuricemia and Gout Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5611
Author(s):  
Yi-Chih Chiu ◽  
Ting-Syuan Hsu ◽  
Chen-Yu Huang ◽  
Chun-Hua Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Deinococcus Radiodurans ◽  
Catalytic Efficiency ◽  
Enzyme Characterization ◽  
Urate Oxidase ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Extremophile Microorganism ◽  
Mesophilic Conditions

Urate oxidase initiates the uric acid degradation pathways and is extensively used for protein drug development for gout therapy and serum uric acid diagnosis. We first present the biochemical and structural elucidation of a urate oxidase from the extremophile microorganism Deinococcus radiodurans (DrUox). From enzyme characterization, DrUox showed optimal catalytic ability at 30 °C and pH 9.0 with high stability under physiological conditions. Only the Mg2+ ion moderately elevated its activity, which indicates the characteristic of the cofactor-free urate oxidase family. Of note, DrUox is thermostable in mesophilic conditions. It retains almost 100% activity when incubated at 25 °C and 37 °C for 24 h. In this study, we characterized a thermostable urate oxidase, DrUox with high catalytic efficiency and thermal stability, which strengthens its potential for medical applications.

scholarly journals Nutritional factors in milk from Brazilian mothers delivering small for gestational age neonates

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anete S. Grumach ◽  
Solange E.I. Jerônimo ◽  
Marcia Hage ◽  
Magda M.S. Carneiro-Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

The composition of breast milk from brazilian mothers delivering low birthweight infants and its adequacy as a source of nutrients for this group has not yet been fully elucidated. A total of 209 milk samples from 66 women were analysed. The mothers were divided into three groups: G1, mothers delivering term babies of low birthweight (TSGA, n=16); G2, mothers delivering preterm babies of appropriate birthweight (PTAGA, n=20); G3, mothers delivering term babies of appropriate birthweight (TAGA, n=30). The following factors were analysed: osmolarity, total proteins and protein fractions, creamatocrit, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Milk samples were collected 48 h and 7, 15, 30 and 60 days after delivery. The groups did not differ significantly in terms of osmolarity, total proteins and fractions, creamatocrit, calcium, magnesium or potassium throughout the study period. Sodium levels were higher in all samples from mothers of TSGA infants and in samples from mothers of PTAGA infants on the 7th, 15th and 30th days than in milk from the TAGA group. The authors consider the needs of the low birthweight and TAGA infants and that these high sodium levels may be necessary for growth of low birthweight infants.

scholarly journals Metabolic evaluation of Crioulo horses participating in competitions of 750 km

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1471-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Alvariza Amaral ◽  
Millie Marchiori ◽  
Charles Ferreira Martins ◽  
Marcio Nunes Correa ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Wayne Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Metabolic Evaluation ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

The Crioulo breed of horses performs in one of the most physically demanding equestrian competitions, the Marcha de Resistência, which is a contest in which the horses run 750 km in 15 days. The study's aim was to characterize the metabolic responses during this period. We evaluated eleven Crioulo horses in the competition, specifically, two males and nine females. Blood samples were collected 24 hours before the contest and on the 4th, 9th, 11th, 14th and 15th days of competition. We evaluated CK, AST, LDH, glucose, lactate, urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, total calcium, ionized calcium, total protein, hematocrit and the white blood cell count. At the end of the competition, the mean values of serum AST were 1151±358 IU/ L the mean LDH values were 7418±1695 IU/L and CK was 13,867±3998UI /L. There was a significant increase in urea, creatinine and lactate (p<0.0001). A decrease in the mean values of chloride, sodium, potassium, and total and ionized calcium was observed (p≤0.0002). An evaluation of the total leukocytes and segmented neutrophils (p≤0.0002) revealed their increased values, and decreased values were observed for hematocrit, plasma protein and total lymphocytes (p≤0.0003). The values of glucose, on average, remained constant. Based on these data, we conclude that the Marcha de Resistência competition necessitated a high muscular demand and the depletion of energy and electrolytes, suggesting an inflammatory process in the animals evaluated.

scholarly journals Effect of sex and seasons of the year on hematologic and serum biochemical variables of captive brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira)

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1364-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara M.S. Camargo ◽  
José M.B. Duarte ◽  
José J. Fagliari ◽  
André M. Santana ◽  
Kalina M.M.G. Simplício ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Ionic Calcium ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ◽  
Mazama Gouazoubira ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Brocket Deer

The Brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira) is the most common free-living and captive deer in South America, especially in Brazil, and has great ecological and scientific significance. However, data on hematological and biochemical parameters in brown brocket deer are scarce. The goal of this study was to establish reference ranges for hematological and biochemical parameters of Mazama gouazoubira, comparing differences during the seasons of the year and between sex. Blood samples from ten adult healthy brown brocket deer (6 female and 4 male) were collected during daytime, monthly, during 12 months. The animals were maintained in individual stable, protected from noise and fed ad libitum with commercial ration and green fodder. For blood collection, animals were submitted to physical restrain for no longer than 2 minutes. The following parameters were determined: red blood cell count (RBC), haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), white blood cell count (WBC), platelet count, enzyme activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CK), total protein (TP), albumin, cholesterol, total calcium, ionic calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, triglycerides, creatinine and urea. Values were compared according to season and sex. RBC count, WBC count and MCV suggested seasonal influence. Haemoglobin concentration, PCV and MCV were influenced by sex. Serum concentration of total calcium, ionic calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium were influenced by season. Serum magnesium was also influenced by sex. The blood parameters herein reported may be useful as reference values for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in captive brown-brocket deer.

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