scholarly journals Factors associated with the frailty syndrome in elderly individuals living in the urban area

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 874-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maycon Sousa Pegorari ◽  
Darlene Mara dos Santos Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Activities Of Daily Life

METHODS: this cross-sectional, observational and analytical household survey was conducted with 958 elderly individuals living in the urban area. The Brazilian version of the Functional Assessment Questionnaire and Multidimensional Scales (Depression, Katz and Lawton brief geriatric versions) were used, together with the Phenotype of Frailty developed by Fried. Descriptive analysis was performed along with a bivariate and multinomial logistic regression model (p<0.05).RESULTS: a total of 313 (32.7%) non-frail elderly individuals were found in addition to 522 (55.4%) pre-frail and 128 (12.8%) frail individuals. Factors associated with pre-frailty and frailty, respectively, included: being 70├ 79 years old and 80 years old or older; using 1├ 4 medications and 5 or more; greater number of morbidities, functional disability for instrumental activities of daily life, and negative self-perception. The absence of a partner was associated with pre-frailty while hospitalization in the last year, functional disability for basic activities of daily life and indication of depression were associated with frailty.CONCLUSION: pre-frailty and frailty conditions presented a percentage higher than that reported by Brazilian studies and are associated with health-related variables. These variables can be prevented with interventions directed to the health of elderly individuals.

scholarly journals Elderly individuals living by themselves: knowledge and measures to prevent the novel coronavirus

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darlene Mara dos Santos Tavares ◽  
Nayara Gomes Nunes Oliveira ◽  
Gianna Fiori Marchiori ◽  
Mariana Silva Freitas Guimarães ◽  
Lenniara Pereira Mendes Santana
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Objective: to describe the occurrence of COVID-19 and the health services used by elderly individuals living by themselves; identify the knowledge held by elderly individuals regarding the transmission, signs and symptoms of COVID-19, as well as factors associated with poor knowledge of preventive measures according to sociodemographic and clinical variables. Method: cross-sectional survey conducted by telephone or mobile with 123 elderly individuals living by themselves in the Health Macro-Region of Triângulo Sul in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Descriptive analysis was performed along with bivariate and multiple linear regression (p<0.05). Results: most elderly individuals did not present COVID-19 signs and symptoms (97.5%), were aware of how it is transmitted (86.6%), and of its signs and symptoms (90.8%). The elderly individuals were familiar with four preventive measures on average. After social distancing began, 85.7% of them left home and implemented three preventive measures on average, the most frequent of which was the use of face masks (99.0%). Being a man (p=0.001), 80 years old or older (p=0.045), and having fewer years of schooling (p=0.010) were associated with having less knowledge regarding the COVID-19 preventive measures. Conclusion: the elderly individuals were knowledgeable on COVID-19, but did not implement all the preventive measures. Male elderly individuals living by themselves with a low educational level are more vulnerable to COVID-19.

scholarly journals Characteristics of those most vulnerable to employment changes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationally representative cross-sectional study in Wales

2021 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-216030
Author(s):  
Benjamin J Gray ◽  
Richard G Kyle ◽  
Jiao Song ◽  
Alisha R Davies
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe public health response to the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a detrimental impact on employment and there are concerns the impact may be greatest among the most vulnerable. We examined the characteristics of those who experienced changes in employment status during the early months of the pandemic.MethodsData were collected from a cross-sectional, nationally representative household survey of the working age population (18–64 years) in Wales in May/June 2020 (n=1379). We looked at changes in employment and being placed on furlough since February 2020 across demographics, contract type, job skill level, health status and household factors. χ2 or Fisher’s exact test and multinomial logistic regression models examined associations between demographics, subgroups and employment outcomes.ResultsOf our respondents, 91.0% remained in the same job in May/June 2020 as they were in February 2020, 5.7% were now in a new job and 3.3% experienced unemployment. In addition, 24% of our respondents reported being placed on furlough. Non-permanent contract types, individuals who reported low mental well-being and household financial difficulties were all significant factors in experiencing unemployment. Being placed on ‘furlough’ was more likely in younger (18–29 years) and older (60–64 years) workers, those in lower skilled jobs and from households with less financial security.ConclusionA number of vulnerable population groups were observed to experience detrimental employment outcomes during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Targeted support is needed to mitigate against both the direct impacts on employment, and indirect impacts on financial insecurity and health.

Factors Associated with Intermittent, Constant, and Mixed Pain in People with Knee Osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatme Hoteit ◽  
Debbie Erhmann Feldman ◽  
Lisa C. Carlesso
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
System Sensitivity ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Lower Likelihood ◽  
Paindetect Questionnaire ◽  
Mixed Pain

Purpose: To explore factors associated with intermittent, constant, and mixed pain in people with knee osteoarthritis. Method: We conducted a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional multicenter study with adults ≥ 40 years with knee osteoarthritis. Participants completed questionnaires on personal (e.g., demographics, comorbidities), physical (e.g., physical function), psychological (e.g., depressive symptoms), pain (e.g., qualities), and tests for physical performance and nervous system sensitivity. We qualified patients’ pain as intermittent, constant, or mixed using the Modified painDETECT Questionnaire and assessed associations with the variables using multinomial logistic regression. Results: The 279 participants had an average age of 63.8 years (SD = 9.6), BMI of 31.5 kg/m2 (SD = 8.7), and 58.6% were female. Older age (odds ratio [OR] 0.95; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.00) and higher self-reported physical function ([OR] 0.94; 95% CI: 0.91, 0.98) were associated with a lower likelihood of mixed pain compared with intermittent pain. Higher pain intensity ([OR] 1.25; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.47) was related to a 25% higher likelihood of mixed pain compared with intermittent pain. Conclusions: This study provides initial data for associations of personal, pain, and physical function factors with different pain patterns. Awareness of these factors can help clinicians develop targeted strategies for managing patients’ pain.

scholarly journals Prevalence of household falls in long-lived adults and association with extrinsic factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silviane Galvan Pereira ◽  
Claudia Benedita dos Santos ◽  
Marlene Doring ◽  
Marilene Rodrigues Portella
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Multiple Model ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Selection Of Variables

Resume Objective: to identify the prevalence of falls among older adults and the extrinsic factors associated with them. Method: population-based cross-sectional study with 350 older adults. A household survey was conducted using a questionnaire addressing socio-demographic, clinical, and environmental characteristics. Data were analyzed using Stata Software V.10. Pearson’s chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used with stepwise criteria for selection of variables in the model, with measures of effect expressed in Prevalence Ratio. For input into the multiple model, the variables with p ≤ 0.20 were considered. All ethical care regarding research on human beings has been observed and respected. Results: the prevalence of falls was 46.9%. The extrinsic factors associated with falls were: stairs, uneven floor and pets in the main entrance, lack of anti-slip loose throw rugs and slippery floor in the kitchen, lack of anti-slip loose throw rugs and objects on the floor in the room, lack of grab bars in the shower, lack of grab bars in the toilet and switch away from the bathroom door (p <0.05). Conclusion: falls are frequent in long-lived adults. The identification of the extrinsic factors associated with the occurrence of this event can help in its prevention.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with nutritional deviations in women in the pre-pregnancy phase in two municipalities of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Marano ◽  
Silvana Granado Nogueira da Gama ◽  
Rosa Maria Soares Madeira Domingues ◽  
Paulo Roberto Borges de Souza Junior
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and potential factors associated with pre-pregnancy nutritional status of women. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study carried out between December 2007 and November 2008 with 1,535 women in the first trimester of pregnancy and randomly selected in health units of the Brazilian public health system (SUS) in the municipalities of Queimados and Petrópolis in the State of Rio de Janeiro. The diagnosis of nutritional deviations was based on the Body Mass Index, according to the classification of the Institute of Medicine, and the following categories were obtained: underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity. In the statistical analysis, the multinomial logistic regression model was used and an odds ratio and confidence interval of 95% were estimated. RESULTS: The sample included women between 13 and 45 years. The prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity were 10, 18 and 11%, respectively. Women living in Queimados, adolescents, women who did not live with a partner and smokers had a higher proportion of low pre-pregnancy weight. There was an association between hypertension, overweight and obesity. Adolescents presented lower chance to overweight and obesity. Living in Queimados reduced the odds of overweight. CONCLUSION: The proportion of pre-pregnancy nutritional deviations was high, and recognizing factors that lead to them is very important for an early identification of women at nutritional risk, with view to interventions to reduce the adverse effects of malnutrition on maternal and child health.

scholarly journals Survey of hearing disorders in an urban population in Rondonia, Northern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cecilia Bevilacqua ◽  
Marcos Roberto Banhara ◽  
Ariadnes Nobrega de Oliveira ◽  
Adriane Lima Mortari Moret ◽  
Katia de Freitas Alvarenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hearing Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Health Organization

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of hearing loss for the population in the urban area. METHODS: A cross-sectional household survey based on the World Health Organization Ear and Hearing Disorders Survey Protocol was conducted in 298 households in the urban area of Monte Negro, Rondonia, Northern Brazil, from 2005 to 2007. Ear examinations, behavioral audiometry and pure tone audiometry were conducted on 577 individuals. RESULTS: The results showed that 3.8% (95%CI 2.17;5.45) of population were classified in the disabling hearing impairment category. The prevalence of moderate hearing impairment was 3.4%; severe impairment was 0.4%; and profound hearing impairment was not found. CONCLUSIONS: The impairing hearing loss prevalence found in this study is within of the international prevalence for this level of hearing loss and smaller than observed in a previous study in the South region of Brazil.

scholarly journals Profilaxia Pré-Exposição para o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana no Currículo Médico em Portugal: Uma Análise Transversal

2022 ◽  
Vol 35 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Duarte ◽  
Nuno Rua ◽  
David Gomes ◽  
Vasco Ricoca Peixoto ◽  
Daniela Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
School Year ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Introduction: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has gained relevance as a method of prevention for HIV in certain people and settings. Following the publication of the guideline on PrEP prescribing in Portugal, we aimed to assess the knowledge of Portuguese Medical Students about PrEP.Material and Methods: An online survey was sent to Medical students of Portuguese Medical Schools. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the results and an analytic cross-sectional study to identify factors associated with “knowing about PrEP”, “having had one class about PrEP” and “identifying eligible groups correctly”.Results: Of the 796 students that responded to the survey, 64.6% were aware of what PrEP is. Of these, 34.44% acquired this knowledge during their training. Out of the total amount of respondents, 4.77% could identify correctly and completely the eligible groups for PrEP. As the training years went by, the probability of being aware of PrEP, having had one class about PrEP, and identifying the eligible groups correctly, increased. Of the sixth-year students, 43.48% had had one class about PrEP and among the students that were aware of PrEP, 28% identified what the eligible groups were. After adjusting for the school year, we found differences between Medical Schools regarding the outcomes. The association between the different ways of learning about PrEP and the ability to correctly identify eligible groups for PrEP was not statistically significant.Conclusion: The differences between Medical Schools could be harmonized through changes in the medical curricula that would allow this topic to be addressed more often.

Factors associated with workability in Spanish health centre workers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Mateo-Rodríguez ◽  
E Knox ◽  
A Daponte-Codina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Spanish Health

Abstract Background The concept of workability provides a conceptual framework and proposes measures for the evaluation of relevant actions focused on a healthy workforce. In Spain, one of the countries with the highest life expectancy, there are practically no scientific studies on workability and its associated factors. Aims The objective of this study is to examine the associations between workability and variables related to health and work in a sample of workers from Spanish health centres. Methods Cross-sectional study including 1184 health centre workers who completed a questionnaire at baseline, comprising measures of workability, health and other work-related factors. Workability has been analysed as a one-factor construct, and as a two-factor construct. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to analyse factors associated with workability. Results As a one-dimensional construct, workability is associated with physical and mental health, number of hours of worked, insomnia, work and family life balance, adequate training, never having had an accident and type of contract. When the two-factor measure was used, sensitivity of findings increased, and it was identified that those participants who were older, lived alone and have more years of service in their profession also show worse workability. Conclusions The present study identified factors associated with the workability of health centre workers. The two-factor workability index (WAI) has better psychometric properties and used in combination with the global measure of WAI, identifies important additional aspects, specifically, age and years of professional experience as additional considerations for the intervention.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Utilization of Complete Postnatal Care Service in Baglung Municipality, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sita Chhetri ◽  
Rajani Shah ◽  
Laxmi Rajbanshi
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Factors Associated

Background. Postnatal period is six weeks after birth. It is critical but is the most neglected period. A large proportion of maternal and neonatal deaths occur during 48 hours following childbirth. The utilization of the recommended three postnatal checkups within seven days after delivery, which plays a vital role in preventing maternal and neonatal deaths, is low in Nepal. Objective. This study is aimed at identifying the factors associated with the utilization of complete postnatal care (PNC) among mothers. Method. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 318 mothers in wards 1, 2, 3, and 4 of Baglung municipality, Nepal. Data was collected by semi-structured interviews. Descriptive analysis and comparison of characteristics of women/families with complete vs. partial postnatal checkups using multivariable logistic regression were done. Results. Among 314 respondents receiving at least one PNC, 78% had partial and 22% had complete PNC. Relatively advantaged caste/ethnicity- Brahman/Chhetri (aOR=3.18, 95% CI: 1.24-8.12) and Janajati (aOR=2.87, 95% CI: 1.09-7.53) - compared to Dalits, husbands working as a job holder in Nepal (aOR=3.49, 95% CI: 1.50-8.13), and delivery in a private hospital (aOR=11.4, 95% CI: 5.40-24.2) were associated with having complete PNC. Conclusion. Although PNC attendance at least once was high, utilization of complete PNC was low. More focus to mothers from disadvantaged caste/ethnicity, those whose husbands are in foreign employment, and improvement in quality of care in government health facilities may increase the use of complete PNC.

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