scholarly journals Effect of nabumetone on humoral immune responses in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-920
Author(s):  
Khalid Naveed ◽  
Aqeel Javeed ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Amjad Riaz ◽  
Aamir Ghafoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mortality Ratio

ABSTRACT Nabumetone is used to reduce the pain and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. In the current study, immunomodulatory effect of Nabumetone is investigated in mice. The control group was administered normal saline orally as placebo. Nabumetone was administered orally via gavage in two treatment groups at 14mg/kg.b.w. doses and 28mg/kgb.w., respectively. Haemagglutination (HA) assay, Jerne hemolytic plaque and mice lethality assays were applied. In HA assay, the titer was significantly decreased in Nabumetone treatment groups (P< 0.001). In Jerne hemolytic plaque formation assay, there was a significant reduction (P< 0.001) in number of plaques in Nabumetone treated groups when compared with control. In mice lethality assay, there was a significant difference in mortality ratio of mice in control and Nabumetone treated groups (P< 0.001). Therefore, it is concluded that Nabumetone suppresses the humoral immune response in mice.

scholarly journals Immune responses in mice induced by multi-epitope DNA vaccine and protein vaccine of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meilipaiti Yusufu ◽  
Alai Shalitanati ◽  
Huan Yu ◽  
Abulimiti Moming ◽  
Yijie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Vaccine ◽  
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Double Copy

AbstractCrimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF), caused by the CCHF virus (CCHFV), is a severe tick borne zoonosis widely distributed in over 30 countries and regions. Currently, there is no licensed vaccine available for CCHF in China. To evaluate the cellular and humoral immune responses induced by multi-epitope DNA and protein vaccine of CCHF in BALB/c mice, a multi-epitope gene (MEPX) segment with tandem including six highly conservative and immunedominant B cell epitopes was designed based on the analysis of hydrophilicity and antigenic determinant sites in amino acid sequences of nucleoprotein and glycoprotein from CCHFV strain YL04057. The single and double-copy multi-epitope gene (MEPX and MEPX2) were respectively cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pVAX I to construct the recombinant (r) plasmid pVAX-MEPX and pVAX-MEPX2 as DNA vaccines. The results of immunofluorescence in vitro showed that the pVAX-MEPX and pVAX-MEPX2 could be expressed in 293T cells. The recombinant prokaryotic plasmid pET-32a-MEPX and pET-32a-MEPX2 constructed previously were transformed them into E. coli BL21 (DE3), and recombinant multi-epitope proteins (rMEPX and rMEPX2) were obtained and purificated by Nickel affinity chromatography. Western blot results showed that rMEPX and rMEPX2 had good antigenicity. BALB/c mice were immunized with DNA vaccine alone, protein vaccine alone, and DNA prime followed by recombinant protein boost immunization strategy, respectively. After three immunizations, MTT assay, cytokine content assay, and ELISA assay for antibody titers were used to evaluate the immune response. The proliferation of mouse specific T lymphocytes in the enhanced by pVAX-MEPX2 combined with rMEPX2 boosting group was significant, and the expression levels of serum IFN-γ and IL-4 in mice were as high as 118.67 pg/mL and 135.33 pg/mL with significant difference compared to the control group (p<0.01), and serum antibody titer could reach up to 4.1×105. Double-copy multi-epitope vaccines groups (pVAX-MEPX2+ rMEPX2) generated better cellular and humoral immune responses by DNA prime-protein vaccine boost combinatorial immunization. This result could lay the foundation for the development of CCHFV multi-epitope vaccine candidates.

scholarly journals Cellular and humoral immune responses associated with protection in sheep vaccinated against Teladorsagia circumcincta

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Machín ◽  
Yolanda Corripio-Miyar ◽  
Julia N. Hernández ◽  
Tara Pérez-Hernández ◽  
Adam D. Hayward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Teladorsagia Circumcincta

AbstractDue to increased anthelmintic resistance, complementary methods to drugs are necessary to control gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN). Vaccines are an environmentally-friendly and promising option. In a previous study, a Teladorsagia circumcincta recombinant sub-unit vaccine was administered to two sheep breeds with different levels of resistance against GIN. In the susceptible Canaria Sheep (CS) breed, vaccinates harboured smaller worms with fewer eggs in utero than the control group. Here, we extend this work, by investigating the cellular and humoral immune responses of these two sheep breeds following vaccination and experimental infection with T. circumcincta. In the vaccinated CS group, negative associations between antigen-specific IgA, IgG2 and Globule Leukocytes (GLs) with several parasitological parameters were established as well as a higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio than in control CS animals, suggesting a key role in the protection induced by the vaccine. In the more resistant Canaria Hair Breed (CHB) sheep the vaccine did not significantly impact on the parasitological parameters studied and none of these humoral associations were observed in vaccinated CHB lambs, although CHB had higher proportions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells within the abomasal lymph nodes, suggesting higher mucosal T cell activation. Each of the component proteins in the vaccine induced an increase in immunoglobulin levels in vaccinated groups of each breed. However, levels of immunoglobulins to only three of the antigens (Tci-MEP-1, Tci-SAA-1, Tci-ASP-1) were negatively correlated with parasitological parameters in the CS breed and they may be, at least partially, responsible for the protective effect of the vaccine in this breed. These data could be useful for improving the current vaccine prototype.

scholarly journals Simulation Model for Dynamics of Dengue with Innate and Humoral Immune Responses

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Perera ◽  
S. S. N. Perera
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Viral Kinetics ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Kinetics Of

Dengue virus is a mosquito borne Flavivirus and the most prevalent arbovirus in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The incidence of dengue has increased drastically over the last few years at an alarming rate. The clinical manifestation of dengue ranges from asymptomatic infection to severe dengue. Even though the viral kinetics of dengue infection is lacking, innate immune response and humoral immune response are thought to play a major role in controlling the virus count. Here, we developed a computer simulation mathematical model including both innate and adaptive immune responses to study the within-host dynamics of dengue virus infection. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to identify key parameters that would contribute towards severe dengue. A detailed stability analysis was carried out to identify relevant range of parameters that contributes to different outcomes of the infection. This study provides a qualitative understanding of the biological factors that can explain the viral kinetics during a dengue infection.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF BACILLUS OF CALMETTE-GUÉRIN, AVRIDINE AND Propionibacterium acnes AS IMMUNOMODULATORS ON RABIES IN MICE

1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. MEGID ◽  
M.T.S. PERAÇOLI ◽  
P.R. CURI ◽  
C.R. ZANETTI ◽  
W.H. CABRERA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Inoculation Test ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

The cellular and humoral immune responses of mice inoculated with rabies virus and treated with the Bacillus of Calmette-Guérin, Avridine and Propionibacterium acnes were evaluated in this paper. There was a higher percentage of surviving mice in groups submitted to P. acnes treatment. Lower levels of interferon-<FONT FACE="Symbol">g</font> (IFN-<FONT FACE="Symbol">g</font>) were found in infected mice. The intra-pad inoculation test (IPI) was not effective to detect cellular immune response, contrary to the results found in MIF reaction. The survival of mice did not present correlation with the levels of antirabies serum neutralizing (SN) antibodies titers, IFN-<FONT FACE="Symbol">g</font> concentration and MIF response.

Mathematical modeling and analysis of innate and humoral immune responses to dengue infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (07) ◽  
pp. 1950077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulanie Perera ◽  
S. S. N. Perera
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Virus Dynamics ◽  
Quasi Steady State ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses

Dengue is an acute arthropode-borne virus, belonging to the family Flaviviridae. Currently, there are no vaccines or treatments available against dengue. Thus it is important to understand the dynamics of dengue in order to control the infection. In this paper, we study the long-term dynamics of the model that is presented in [S. D. Perera and S. S. N. Perera, Simulation model for dynamics of dengue with innate and humoral immune responses, Comput. Math. Methods Med. 2018 (2018) 8798057, 18 pp. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8798057 ] which describes the interaction of virus with infected and uninfected cells in the presence of innate and humoral immune responses. It was found the model has three equilibria, namely: infection free equilibrium, no immune equilibrium and endemic equilibrium, then analyzed its stability analytically. The analytical findings of each model have been exemplified by numerical simulations. Given the fact that intensity of dengue virus replication at early times of infection could determine clinical outcomes, it is important to understand the impact of innate immunity, which is believed to be the first line of defense against an invading pathogen. For this we carry out a simulation case study to investigate the importance of innate immune response on dengue virus dynamics. A comparison was done assuming that innate immunity was active; innate immunity was in quasi-steady state and innate immunity was inactive during the virus replication process. By a further analysis of the qualitative behavior of the quasi-steady state, it was observed that innate immune response plays a pivotal role in dengue virus dynamics. It can change the dynamical behavior of the system and is essential for the virus clearance.

scholarly journals Pathological changes inducing by S.aureus in immunodeficiency mice immunized with Soluble Culture Filtrate S.aureus Antigens (SCFAgs)

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
H. H. K. AL-Byattee
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Sterile Normal Saline ◽  
Cellular Immune

In order to determine the influence of Soluble Culture Filtrate S.aureus Antigens (SCFAgs)on S.aureus infection in Mitomicin c immunosupression mice, seventy four white mice, both sex,7-8 weeks age were divided randomly into five groups.1st group(n=16 ) was immunized with 0.4ml of S.aureus CFSAgs (concentration of protein( 4.2mg/ml) ,i/p two doses, 2 weeks intervals. 2nd group(n=16) was injected with mitomycine C ,(1mg/kg B.W) I/p three time /week for 4 weeks. 3ed group (n=16) was immunized with CFSAgs as 1st group and treated with mitomycin as 2nd group. 4th group(n=10) was inoculated with (0.4ml) I/P with1X109 CFU/ML of viable virulent. S.aureus and was served as control positive group. 5th group (n=16) was inoculated with 0.5ml sterile normal saline. Cellular and humoral immune response were recorded at 28-30 day post immunization, skin test and passive heam agglutination test respectively, then all animals of immunized and treatment groups were challenge with S,aureus as control positive group. The results explained that animals treatment with MMC were died during (18) hrs post inoculation with virulent viable S.aureus with very heavy bacterial isolation, animal of control positive group were died at( 24)hrs post infection with heavy bacterial isolation The results revealed that immunization with CFSAgs elicited both humoral and cellular immune responses, the level values of both arms of immune response were lower animal treatment with MMC, Severe pathological lesions were seen in examined organs of control positive group but these lesions are more extensive in animal treatment with MMC. The main lesions in examined organs of these animals are suppurative inflammation ,congestion ,apoptosis and necrosis.. We conclusion that MMC induce immunosuppression condition and immunization with CFSAgs can improve the immune responses in the animals that are suffering from immunosuppression.

scholarly journals Differences in systemic humoral immune response among Balb/c mice administered with probiotic, LPS Escherichia coli, and probiotic-LPS E. coli

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurniawan Taufiq Kadafi ◽  
Satrio Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 2

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the systemic humoral immune responses, including IgE, IgA, IgG and IgM levels in Balb/c mice administered a probiotic, LPS derived from Escherichia coli (E.coli), and probiot- ic-LPS derived from E. coli. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two male Balb/c mice, 10-12 weeks of age with body weight ranging from 30-40 g were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n=8). The treatment regimens were as follows: Group 1, mice did not receive LPS or probiotic (control group); Group 2, mice received only LPS on the first day; Group 3, mice received probi- otic for 7 days; Group 4, mice received LPS on the first day, and then continued, with probiotic for 7 days. The mice were observed for 8 days, and then, euthanized the next day (day 9). The serum was collected, and the levels of IgE, IgA, IgG and IgM were measured using ELISA. Results: The humoral immune response was higher in the presence of a probiotic compared to that in the control; IgE (9.02 ± 0.58 units/ml, p=0.000), IgA (3.26 ± 0.99 units/ml, p=0.316), IgG (7.29 ± 0.24 units/ml, p=0.000), and IgM (4.01 ± 2.98 units/ml, p=0.505). When administered with LPS E. coli along with probiotic, the humoral immune response was the highest; IgE (10.68 ± 1.63 units/ml, p=0.000), IgA (8.34 ± 1.47 units/ml, p=0.000), IgG (9.96 ± 0.98 units/ml, p=0.000), and IgM (4.31 ± 1.05 units/ml, p=0.319) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Probiotic-LPS derived from E. coli treatment induced a higher humoral immune response (highest IgE, IgA, IgG and IgM levels) compared to treatment with probiotic only.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF BACTERIAL IMMUNOMODULATORS INFLUENCE ON IMMUNOREGULATORY MECHANISMS IN PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY ALLERGIES

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
A V Sobolev ◽  
O V Aak
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Cytokine Balance ◽  
Respiratory Allergies ◽  
Immunoregulatory Mechanisms

Recovering from bacterial infections in the first years of life reduces further risk of allergic diseases. Effects of bacterial immunomodulator Broncho Vaxom on immune system to certain extent repeats the immune response that occurs during penetration of the pathogen in the body. Bacterial antigens orchestrate cellular and humoral immune responses, stimulate innate immunity, normalize cytokine balance, and are promising in the treatment of respiratory allergic diseases.

scholarly journals Humoral Response to Microbial Biomarkers in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 5153
Author(s):  
Seyedesomaye Jasemi ◽  
Gian Luca Erre ◽  
Maria Luisa Cadoni ◽  
Marco Bo ◽  
Leonardo A. Sechi
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Human Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Microbial Biomarkers ◽  
Significant Difference

Background/Objective: Chronic humoral immune response against multiple microbial antigens may play a crucial role in the etiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed to assess the prevalence and magnitude of antibody response against various bacterial and viral immunogen peptides in the sera of RA patients compared with the general population. Methods: Polyclonal IgG antibodies (Abs) specific for peptides derived from Porphyromonas gingivalis (RgpA, Kpg), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (LtxA1, LtxA2), Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP4027), Epstein–Barr virus (EBNA1, EBVBOLF), and human endogenous retrovirus (HERV-W env-su) were detected by ELISA in serum samples from 148 consecutive RA patients and 148 sex and age-matched healthy controls (HCs). In addition, the presence of a relationship between the positivity and the titer of antibodies and RA descriptors was explored by bivariate correlation analysis. Results: RA patients exhibit a higher prevalence of humoral immune response against all tested peptides compared to HCs with a statically significant difference for MAP4027 (30.4% vs. 10.1%), BOLF (25.7% vs. 8.1%), RgpA (24.3% vs. 9.4%), HERV W-env (20.3% vs. 9.4%), and EBNA1 (18.9% vs. 9.4%) peptides. Fifty-three (35.8%) out of 148 RA serum and 93 (62.8%) out of 148 HCs were negative for all pathogen-derived peptides. There was a significant correlation between OD values obtained by ELISA test against all peptides (p < 0.0001). We also found an increased titer and prevalence of Abs against LtxA1 and LtxA2 in seropositive vs. seronegative RF (p = 0.019, p = 0.018). Conclusion: This study demonstrates a significantly increased humoral response against multiple pathogens in patients with RA and implies that they could be an important factor in the pathogenesis of the disease. Therefore, the role of each individual pathogen in RA needs to be further investigated.

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