Genetic dissimilarity and definition of recombination clusters among green corn half-sib progenies

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to estimate the genetic divergence among corn half-sib progenies seeking to direct recombination between contrasting and superior progenies for green corn production. Ninety-six progenies were evaluated in a randomized block design with 3 replications, and 18 characteristics associated with agronomic adaptation and green corn yield were measured. The genetic divergence was estimated using generalized square Mahalanobis distance and the progenies grouped by UPGMA and Tocher’s methods. The joint analysis of variance showed genetic variability among the progenies for the characteristics evaluated. The UPGMA method was more sensitive than Tocher’s, since it led to the formation of 11 groups genetically dissimilar compared to the 5 ones of Tocher’s method. The grouping allowed to identify superior and contrasting progenies for green corn production. The recombination of these progenies allows increasing genetic variability and the frequency of alleles favorable to the green corn production.

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Genetic divergence between half-sibling progenies of kale using different multivariate approaches

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-0536-20210208 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 178-185

Author(s):

Orlando G Brito ◽

Valter C Andrade Júnior ◽

Alcinei M Azevedo ◽

Luan Mateus S Donato ◽

Antônio Júlio M Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mahalanobis Distance ◽

Genetic Divergence ◽

Block Design ◽

Qualitative Traits ◽

Canonical Variables ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Commercial Cultivars ◽

Genetic Dissimilarity ◽

Recombinant Population ◽

Half Sibling

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic dissimilarity between half-sibling progenies of kale in order to determine the most divergent progenies and, also, to select potential parents. Thirty-six kale genotypes were evaluated, being thirty-three half-sibling progenies and three commercial cultivars, in a randomized block design with four replicates and six plants per plot. Twenty-eight traits were evaluated in each plant per plot, thirteen quantitative and fifteen qualitative traits. Genetic divergence was studied using MANOVA and canonical variables for quantitative observations. In addition, dendrograms were made for quantitative, qualitative and joint analyses by UPGMA method, using Mahalanobis distance. Genetic divergence was observed between genotypes. Commercial cultivars were more divergent than half-sibling progenies. Among half-sibling progenies, the most divergent ones were P1, P21, P23, P25 and P30. We concluded that half-sibling progenies P1, P23 and P30 can be used as potential parents to compose the recombinant population.

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Respon pertumbuhan dan hasil beberapa varietas jagung manis (Zea mays Saccharata sturt. L) akibat takaran bokashi pada sistem Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu (PTT) di kabupaten Karawang

Kultivasi ◽

10.24198/kultivasi.v17i1.16079 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rommy Andhika Laksono ◽

Nurcahyo Widyodaru Saputro ◽

Muhammad Syafi’i

Keyword(s):

Management System ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Crop Management ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Corn Production ◽

Integrated Crop Management ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Lowland Area

Abstract. Sweet corn production in Indonesia can be increased by intensification program, such as the use of superior cultivars, the use of balanced fertilizer, and the use of organic fertilizer. Objective of the research was to study Integrated Crop Management System, that related to use of fermented organic fertilizer (bokashi) which suitable to sweet corn crop, especially in lowland area of Karawang district. The method of research was experiment. The experimental design was Randomized Block Design, that consisted of 16 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were 4 bokashi dosage (0, 5, 10 and 15 ton ha-1) combined with 4 varieties of F1 sweet corn (Bonanza, Talenta , Secada and Sweet Boy). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Duncan multiple-range test at 5%. The results show that bokashi dosage had given difference on plant height, number of leaves per plant, diameter of the stem, weight of ears, number of grain rows, and yield. Dosages of 10 tons ha-1 bokashi gave the best growth and sweet corn yield of Sweet Boy F1 varieties on Integrated Crop Management System. Keywords: Sweet Corn, Bokashi, CMS. Sari. Produksi jagung manis di Indonesia dapat ditingkatkan dengan program intensifikasi, diantaranya dengan penggunaan kultivar unggul, pupuk berimbang, dan pupuk organik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari sistem pengelolaan tanaman terpadu, yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan pupuk orga-nik bokashi yang cocok pada tanaman jagung manis, khususnya di dataran rendah Karawang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan percobaan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok, terdiri dari 16 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari 4 dosis bokashi (0, 5, 10 dan 15 ton ha-1) yang dikombinasikan dengan 4 varietas jagung manis F1(Bonanza, Talenta , Secada dan Sweet Boy). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians dan uji jarak berganda Duncan pada taraf 5%. Hasil menunjukkan perlakuan dosis bokashi memberikan perbedaan pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, berat tongkol, jumlah baris biji, dan hasil. Dosis bokashi 10 ton ha-1 memberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil terbaik jagung manis varietas Sweet Boy pada sistem Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu. Kata kunci: Jagung Manis, Bokashi, Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu

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Genetic divergence of tomato subsamples

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/s0034-737x2014000100009 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 70-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

André Pugnal Mattedi ◽

Marcelo de Almeida Guimarães ◽

Carlos Nick ◽

Derly José Henriques da Silva ◽

Mário Puiatti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Divergence ◽

Block Design ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Joint Analysis ◽

Relative Importance ◽

Fresh Market ◽

Future Studies ◽

Organoleptic Characteristics ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Marketable Fruit

Understanding the genetic variability of a species is crucial for the progress of a genetic breeding program and requires characterization and evaluation of germplasm. This study aimed to characterize and evaluate 101 tomato subsamples of the Salad group (fresh market) and two commercial controls, one of the Salad group (cv. Fanny) and another of the Santa Cruz group (cv. Santa Clara). Four experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with three replications and five plants per plot. The joint analysis of variance was performed and characteristics with significant complex interaction between control and experiment were excluded. Subsequently, the multicollinearity diagnostic test was carried out and characteristics that contributed to severe multicollinearity were excluded. The relative importance of each characteristics for genetic divergence was calculated by the Singh's method (Singh, 1981), and the less important ones were excluded according to Garcia (1998). Results showed large genetic divergence among the subsamples for morphological, agronomic and organoleptic characteristics, indicating potential for genetic improvement. The characteristics total soluble solids, mean number of good fruits per plant, endocarp thickness, mean mass of marketable fruit per plant, total acidity, mean number of unmarketable fruit per plant, internode diameter, internode length, main stem thickness and leaf width contributed little to the genetic divergence between the subsamples and may be excluded in future studies.

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Corn production for silage intercropped with forage in the farming-cattle breeding integration

Engenharia Agrícola ◽

10.1590/s0100-69162014000400013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 738-745 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Veridiana Z. de Mendonça ◽

Luiz M. M. de Mello ◽

Francisco C. B. L. Pereira ◽

José O. da R. Silva ◽

Élcio H. Yano

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Ground Cover ◽

Dry Matter Production ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Corn Production ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Matter Production

Corn cropping for silage, due to the plant material exportation, intercropping with forage provides greater ground cover and straw formation for the Direct Planting System (DPS) continuity. The objective of this study was to evaluate corn production for silage in DPS intercropped with four forages (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu, U. ruziziensis cv. Ruziziensis, Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia and P. maximum cv. Áries). We applied three sowing methods (in row together with corn fertilizer; by no-till sowing simultaneously to corn sowing and at V4 corn stage) and corn without intercropping. The experiment was conducted in autumn/ winter of 2010, in Selvíria - MS, in a randomized block design in factorial arrangement (4 x 3 + 1) and 4 replications. For corn, we evaluated plant height, basal stem diameter, initial and final stand and silage production and for forage dry matter production. Morphological characteristics and corn yield were not affected by intercropping when compared to sole corn crop. Forage dry matter production sown in corn row with fertilizer is a highlight, which in addition to providing greater productivity, harnesses the operation during sowing.

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Effect of row spacing and seeding rate on baby corn production

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6supl2p2857 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽

pp. 2857-2872

Author(s):

André Augusto Favaretto Lucianetti ◽

◽

Silvestre Bellettini ◽

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Shape Index ◽

Planting Density ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Corn Production ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Stalk Diameter

Baby corn is the female green ear of the corn plant harvested before fertilization and its cultivation is a profitable alternative for small farms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of row spacing (0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9 m) and seeding rate (13, 15, 17 plants per meter) on baby corn production. The study was conducted at State University of Northern Paraná, Luiz Meneghel Campus, southern Brazil with a 5 × 3 factorial scheme (spacing, density) arranged in a randomized block design with four replications. Corn hybrid AG1051 was grown in 5-m long and 6.5-m wide plots. The yield components evaluated were stalk diameter, length and diameter of the unhusked and husked ear, shape index, unhusked yield, husked yield, and marketable yield. Stalk diameter and ear size were significantly affected by row spacing. Ears were not perfectly cylindrical. Baby corn yield was not affected by either row spacing or planting density.

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Weed control in corn and weed sample size for growth evaluations

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582014000100006 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 51-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L.B. Tavella ◽

P.S.L. Silva ◽

V.R. Oliveira ◽

P.L.O. Fernandes ◽

R.P. Sousa

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Sample Size ◽

Weed Control ◽

Block Design ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Weed Growth ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Experimental Variation ◽

Yield Values ◽

Viable Seeds

The objectives of this study were to evaluate baby corn yield, green corn yield, and grain yield in corn cultivar BM 3061, with weed control achieved via a combination of hoeing and intercropping with gliricidia, and determine how sample size influences weed growth evaluation accuracy. A randomized block design with ten replicates was used. The cultivar was submitted to the following treatments: A = hoeings at 20 and 40 days after corn sowing (DACS), B = hoeing at 20 DACS + gliricidia sowing after hoeing, C = gliricidia sowing together with corn sowing + hoeing at 40 DACS, D = gliricidia sowing together with corn sowing, and E = no hoeing. Gliricidia was sown at a density of 30 viable seeds m-2. After harvesting the mature ears, the area of each plot was divided into eight sampling units measuring 1.2 m² each to evaluate weed growth (above-ground dry biomass). Treatment A provided the highest baby corn, green corn, and grain yields. Treatment B did not differ from treatment A with respect to the yield values for the three products, and was equivalent to treatment C for green corn yield, but was superior to C with regard to baby corn weight and grain yield. Treatments D and E provided similar yields and were inferior to the other treatments. Therefore, treatment B is a promising one. The relation between coefficient of experimental variation (CV) and sample size (S) to evaluate growth of the above-ground part of the weeds was given by the equation CV = 37.57 S-0.15, i.e., CV decreased as S increased. The optimal sample size indicated by this equation was 4.3 m².

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Culinary and nutritional quality of common bean lines with Carioca grain type and interaction with environments

Revista CERES ◽

10.1590/0034-737x201764020008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 159-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Helton Santos Pereira ◽

Renata Cristina Alvares ◽

Leonardo Cunha Melo ◽

Antônio Félix da Costa ◽

Hélio Wilson Lemos de Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Common Bean ◽

Protein Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Genetic Effect ◽

Cooking Time ◽

High Protein ◽

High Protein Content ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Distrito Federal

ABSTRACT The objectives of this work were to study the genetic variability and the interaction between genotypes and environments for cooking time and protein content of bean grains as well as to identify elite lines of Carioca grain type with short cooking time, high protein content and high adaptability and stability for these two traits. Sixteen experiments were conducted in a complete randomized block design with three replications during the rainy, dry and winter seasons, in Goiás, Distrito Federal, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Bahia and Paraná States, in 2009 and 2010. Each trial was composed by 16 elite lines of Carioca grain type and the data of cooking time and protein content were obtained. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and to stability and adaptability analysis, according to the methodology proposed by Annichiarico. Genetic variability was found for cooking time and for protein content among Carioca common bean elite lines; however, for protein content this variability is lower. The environmental effect is important for the expression of these traits and is larger than the genetic effect. The interaction between genotypes and environments is important for cooking time and for protein content of common beans. The lines CNFC 11951 and CNFC 11962 presents short cooking time, high protein content and high stability and adaptability for both traits.

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REACTION OF BANANA CULTIVARS TO THE Meloidogyne javanica X Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense COMPLEX

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252018v31n305rc ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 572-583

Author(s):

LEANDRO DE SOUZA ROCHA ◽

ROBERT FELIX DE SANTANA ◽

ANA CRISTINA FERMINO SOARES ◽

FERNANDO HADDAD

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Block Design ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Simultaneous Presence ◽

Sterile Soil ◽

Panama Disease ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Resistant Varieties ◽

Inoculation Time

ABSTRACT The interaction Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) x nematode and the genetic variability of Foc are the main problems with potential to affect the use of resistant varieties in the management of the Panama disease. The objective of this work was to evaluate the interaction between Foc and Meloidogyne javanica on the banana of the Prata Anã, Grande Naine and BRS Princesa cultivars. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with six treatments and ten replications, which differed in the inoculation time of each pathogen. Simultaneous inoculation with Foc and M. javanica, inoculation with Foc one week before inoculation with M. javanica, and inoculation with M. javanica one week before inoculation with Foc. In addition to the controls, Foc isolated, M. javanica isolated, and cultivars without the pathogens. The seedlings were transplanted in 3-liter pots with sterile soil infested with 40 grams of Foc inoculum at the concentration of 1x106CFU/gram and 1000 eggs and J2 of M. javanica. At the end of 56 days, the treatments with 'Grande Naine' presented the highest reproduction factors of M. javanica. In the 'Prata Anã' no interaction was observed between Foc x M. javanica. The treatments with simultaneous inoculation of the two pathogens, and with Foc a week before, in the 'BRS Princesa', presented the highest external disease indices (DI), which promoted the highest AUDPC. The highest internal DI were observed in the treatments Foc+Mj+Grande Naine, Foc+Mj+BRS Princesa, Mj+Grande Naine+Foc and Foc+BRS Princesa+Mj. The simultaneous presence of M. javanica and Foc increases the severity of the Panama disease in Grande Naine and BRS Princesa cultivars.

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Okra seedlings production in protected environment, testing substrates and producing fruits in field

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-05362013000100002 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 08-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Edilson Costa ◽

Taynara G de Souza ◽

Gleciane de L Benteo ◽

Katiane SS Benett ◽

Cleiton GS Benett

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Joint Analysis ◽

State University ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Hot Weather ◽

Favorable Conditions ◽

Mato Grosso Do Sul

The okra grows well in hot weather, finding favorable conditions for development in Brazil. We evaluated the production of okra seedlings and productivity. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, in Aquidauana. In the seedling phase we tested substrates (100% triturated cassava stems, 75% triturated cassava stems and 25% vermiculite, 50% triturated cassava stems and 50% vermiculite, 25% triturated cassava stems and 75% vermiculite and 100% vermiculite). These substrates were placed in two protected environments (nursery with black screen, 50% of shading, and aluminized screen, 50% of shading). Each environment was considered an experiment conducted in completely randomized design with eight replications. After that we realized joint analysis. In the field, a total of 10 treatments generated from combinations of environments and substrates (2 environments x 5 substrates) were distributed in a randomized block design with four replications. The average proportions of cassava stems and vermiculite may be suitable for okra seedlings. The results of shoot and total dry phytomass indicate that the aluminized screen can be recommended for okra seedlings production when the substrate with a 1:1 ratio is used. Seedlings grown on higher percentages of vermiculite anticipate production, while seedlings produced only in cassava stems tend to slow it down. The aluminized screen tends to increase the yield of okra seedlings. Average proportions of vermiculite and cassava stems for seedling production under aluminized screen, provide more fruits and yield of okra in Aquidauana.

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Least limiting water range in Oxisols under different levels of machine traffic

Comunicata Scientiae ◽

10.14295/cs.v8i2.2423 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 337-346

Author(s):

Karina De Vares Rossetti ◽

José Frederico Centurion

Keyword(s):

Bulk Density ◽

Block Design ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Soil Penetration Resistance ◽

Corn Crop ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Crop Development ◽

Least Limiting Water Range ◽

Different Levels

This work aimed, to evaluate the structural behavior of Oxisols based on the least limiting water range (LLWR) and establish relations with corn crop. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with five treatments and four replications. Soil samples collected at the layer of 0-0.20 m depth in a Haplustox (LVd) and an Eutrustox (LVef) were used. The compaction treatments consisted of T0= no additional compaction; T1 and T2= two and four passes with a 4 t tractor, respectively; T3 and T4 = two and four passes with a 10 t tractor, respectively. The range of LLWR variation in the LVd was the lowest one and varied from 0.01 to 0.04 m3 m-3, whereas in the LVef varied from 0.03 to 0.13 m3 m-3 for the critical soil penetration resistance (PRc) of 2 MPa. It was observed that critical bulk density (BDc) values were 1.76 and 1.40 Mg m-3 in the LVd and the LVef, respectively. The highest frequency of bulk density (BC ≥ BDc) occurred from the T1 to T4 (LVd) and from the T2 to T4, however, a reduction in corn yield was not observed. The determination of the LLWR was efficient and complementary for identifying more favorable or more impeditive conditions to compaction in the LVef for the corn crop development in relation to the LVd.

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