scholarly journals Genetic divergence between half-sibling progenies of kale using different multivariate approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-185
Author(s):  
Orlando G Brito ◽  
Valter C Andrade Júnior ◽  
Alcinei M Azevedo ◽  
Luan Mateus S Donato ◽  
Antônio Júlio M Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mahalanobis Distance ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
Canonical Variables ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Genetic Dissimilarity ◽  
Recombinant Population ◽  
Half Sibling

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic dissimilarity between half-sibling progenies of kale in order to determine the most divergent progenies and, also, to select potential parents. Thirty-six kale genotypes were evaluated, being thirty-three half-sibling progenies and three commercial cultivars, in a randomized block design with four replicates and six plants per plot. Twenty-eight traits were evaluated in each plant per plot, thirteen quantitative and fifteen qualitative traits. Genetic divergence was studied using MANOVA and canonical variables for quantitative observations. In addition, dendrograms were made for quantitative, qualitative and joint analyses by UPGMA method, using Mahalanobis distance. Genetic divergence was observed between genotypes. Commercial cultivars were more divergent than half-sibling progenies. Among half-sibling progenies, the most divergent ones were P1, P21, P23, P25 and P30. We concluded that half-sibling progenies P1, P23 and P30 can be used as potential parents to compose the recombinant population.

scholarly journals Genetic dissimilarity and definition of recombination clusters among green corn half-sib progenies

Bragantia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Fernando Guimarães Silva ◽  
Caroline de Jesus Coelho ◽  
Cristiane Romanek ◽  
José Raulindo Gardingo ◽  
Anderson Rodrigo da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Mahalanobis Distance ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Genetic Dissimilarity ◽  
Definition Of

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to estimate the genetic divergence among corn half-sib progenies seeking to direct recombination between contrasting and superior progenies for green corn production. Ninety-six progenies were evaluated in a randomized block design with 3 replications, and 18 characteristics associated with agronomic adaptation and green corn yield were measured. The genetic divergence was estimated using generalized square Mahalanobis distance and the progenies grouped by UPGMA and Tocher’s methods. The joint analysis of variance showed genetic variability among the progenies for the characteristics evaluated. The UPGMA method was more sensitive than Tocher’s, since it led to the formation of 11 groups genetically dissimilar compared to the 5 ones of Tocher’s method. The grouping allowed to identify superior and contrasting progenies for green corn production. The recombination of these progenies allows increasing genetic variability and the frequency of alleles favorable to the green corn production.

scholarly journals Partial diallel and genetic divergence analyses in maize inbred lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e53540
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda de Souza Dias Maioli ◽  
Ronald José Barth Pinto ◽  
Tereza Aparecida da Silva ◽  
Diego Ary Rizzardi ◽  
Robson Akira Matsuzaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Partial Diallel

In this study, we aimed to estimate general and specific combining abilities (GCA and SCA, respectively) and to verify genetic divergence (Rogers distance, Unweighted Pair-Group Method Using Arithmetic Average - UPGMA) using microsatellite markers in maize inbred lines. Using a partial diallel scheme, a total of 19 inbred lines were crossed as (9 x 10), which were derived from the single hybrids SG6015 and P30F53, respectively. The 90 hybrids were evaluated in an incomplete randomized block design with common checks and three replications during the 2017-2018 growing season. Flowering time, average plant height, ear height insertion, average ear diameter, ear length, number of lodged and broken plants, mass of 100 grains and grain yield were measured. According to the analysis of variance, GCA, and SCA were significant (p < 0.05) in all the measured traits; inbred line B as well as 1 and 8, derived from the single hybrids SG6015 and P30F53, respectively, were selected due to their higher GCA values in grain yield to be used in crosses as testers, while the single cross hybrid (B x 1) was selected due to their higher SCA value in grain yield to be used in future breeding programs. The molecular marker analysis divided the inbred lines into two groups, where the highest dissimilarity (0.74) was observed between lines A and 9; however, these did not result in a high SCA value, therefore the hybrids obtained by such crossings were not selected for grain yield.

scholarly journals Genetic Divergence Analysis of Rice Genotypes under Salt Stress Environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Anuj Kumar ◽  
D. K. Dwivedi ◽  
Pradeep K. Bharti ◽  
Shivani . ◽  
Preeti Kumari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Normal Condition ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Saline Condition ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Cluster 2

The present investigations were conducted in randomized block design with three replications within the net house of the department of PMB&GE, A. N.D.U.A.T, Kumar Ganj, Ayodhya to estimate the genetic divergence under normal and salt stress conditions involving 20 rice genotypes during Kharif 2018-19, on the basis of relative parameters of D2 values, the clustering pattern of 20 rice genotypes under normal and salt stress conditions were grouped into five non-overlapped clusters. Under normal condition, Cluster III having highest 7 rice genotypes, Cluster II having 5 genotypes, cluster V having 4 genotypes and IV having highest 3 rice genotype. Cluster I having only one genotype. Under saline condition, Cluster I having highest rice 6 genotypes, cluster III having 5 genotypes and cluster II & IV having 4 genotypes respectively. Cluster V having only one genotype. It means the genetic similarity was found in the genotypes were expressed within the cluster and the pattern of distribution of genotypes in various clusters exhibited that topographical diversity wasn't associated with ancestral diversity as genotypes of same countryside were grouped into different cluster and vice-versa. The highest inter cluster distance was recorded between cluster 2 and cluster 5 (26108.030) followed by between cluster 1 and cluster 5 (18550.010), cluster 3 and cluster 5 (15231.860), cluster 4 and cluster 5 (5335.860) in normal condition and in saline condition the maximum inter cluster distance was existed between cluster 4 and cluster 5 (2344.091) followed by between cluster 3 and cluster 5 (2067.610), cluster 2 and cluster 5 (1447.564), cluster 1 and cluster 5 (1238.095). The results showed extensive variation from one cluster to other in respect of cluster means for all parameters, which represented that genotypes having distinctly different mean performance for various characters were reported into different clusters.Rice

scholarly journals Genetic divergence and path analysis in wheat cultivars under heat stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira ◽  
Agner de Freitas Andrade ◽  
André Zoz ◽  
Renato Lustosa Sobrinho ◽  
Tiago Zoz
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT One of the biggest limitations for the wheat crop expansion to Brazilian tropical regions is the high temperature in the rainy season. This study aimed to select, based on genetic divergence and path analysis, cultivars that tolerate cultivation in the summer (heat stress). Nine wheat cultivars were sown, using a randomized block design with three replications, with plots consisting of 10 rows of 6 m and row spacing of 0.15 m. The highest grain yield and number of ears m-2 were observed for the CD 150 cultivar and the largest 1,000-grain weight for CD 116. BRS 220, IPR 136, IPR 144 and BRS Pardela had the highest number of sterile spikelets. The highest number of grains per ear was observed for CD 150, CD 116, BRS Pardela, IPR 130 and IPR 85, showing direct effects on grain yield, evidenced by the path analysis. CD 116 and CD 150 were the most productive cultivars and can be considered as possible parents in wheat breeding programs. IPR 85, CD 116, CD 108 and CD 150 showed a greater tolerance to high temperatures.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Genetic Divergence Analysis in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicom [Mill] Wettsd)

2020 ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
Mahendra Kumar Yadav ◽  
G. C. Yadav ◽  
Nishakant Maurya ◽  
Bankey Lal ◽  
Vipul Pratap Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Major Cluster ◽  
Geographic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Distance

The present investigation was carried out to estimate the genetic diversityfor11 yield contributing traits among 50 genotypes of tomato (Solanum lycopersicom [Mill.] Wettsd.) during 2017 in Randomized Block Design with three replications. In this context maximum intra cluster distance was recorded within cluster III and inter cluster distance was recorded between cluster I to V III. Cluster III had maximum number of genotypes. Major cluster in divergence analysis contained genotypes of heterogeneous origin, thereby indicating no parallelism between genetic and geographic diversity. Therefore, crosses between members of clusters separated by high inter- cluster distance are likely to produces desirable segregates.

scholarly journals Genetic Divergence in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L)

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
MA Zaman ◽  
M Tuhina-Khatun ◽  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
MN Yousuf
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Moderate Yield

Comprising 34 groundnut genotypes an experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replication at the Research farm of Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Hathazari, Chittagong during Rabi season (December 2009 to April 2010) for estimation of the multivariate analysis of divergence. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. Cluster III contained the highest number of genotypes (12) and the cluster II contained the lowest (2). The inter-cluster distances in all cases were larger than the intra-cluster distance which indicated that wider diversity is present among the genotypes of distant grouped. The highest intra cluster distance was observed in cluster V and the lowest in II. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between the cluster IV and III followed by V and III and the lowest between cluster V and I. Days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of branches per plant, number of matured nuts per plant and karnel size were the most important contributors based on the latent vector. But the highest cluster means for matured nuts per plant, 100 karnel weight, 100 nuts weight and yield per plant were obtained from the cluster II. With moderate yield but early maturity varieties were found in cluster IV. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster VI for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster II and III for getting new recombinants with early maturity and higher yield.   Key Words: Genetic divergence; cluster analysis; D2 analysis; groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v23i1.9317 BJPBG 2010; 23(1): 45-49

scholarly journals Adaptability, stability and environmental stratification of genetically and nongenetically modified corn in the Cerrado

2022 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Marcio Eckardt ◽  
Ila R. M. Cardoso ◽  
Núbia A. da Silva ◽  
Yolanda V. de Abreu ◽  
Flávio S. Afférri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Breeding Research ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Stratification

ABSTRACT Crop yield depends on interaction between genetic and environmental factors, making it essential to study adaptability, stability and environmental stratification in order to mitigate the effects of this interaction. Four experiments were conducted to assess competition between corn cultivars in the 2018/19 growing season, two in Paraíso do Tocantins and two in Palmas, with sowing performed on November 5, 2018 and January 15, 2019. Cultivar-environment interaction was analyzed in genetically modified (GM) and non-GM commercial corn cultivars in the Vale do Araguaia region of Tocantins state (TO), Brazil, A randomized block design was used for all the experiments, in 3 × 12 factorial scheme, with three doses of nitrogen fertilizer as topdressing (50, 100 and 150 kg of N ha-1) and 12 commercial cultivars (six non-GM, 1CHD, 2CV, 3CV, 4CV, 5CTH, 6CDH and six GM, 7GTH, 8GTH, 9GSH, 10GSH, 11GSH, 12GSH. For statistical analysis, the N dose in each experiment represented a different environment. The characteristic studied was grain yield, using the adaptability and stability methods as well as environmental stratification. Different responses were observed between the GM and non-GM cultivars. Most of the GM and non-GM cultivars were better adapted to favorable and unfavorable environments, respectively. All the environments exhibited similar behavior regardless of location, sowing time and the N dose used, demonstrating that fewer environments can be used in future breeding research.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence of tomato subsamples

Revista CERES ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Pugnal Mattedi ◽  
Marcelo de Almeida Guimarães ◽  
Carlos Nick ◽  
Derly José Henriques da Silva ◽  
Mário Puiatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Understanding the genetic variability of a species is crucial for the progress of a genetic breeding program and requires characterization and evaluation of germplasm. This study aimed to characterize and evaluate 101 tomato subsamples of the Salad group (fresh market) and two commercial controls, one of the Salad group (cv. Fanny) and another of the Santa Cruz group (cv. Santa Clara). Four experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with three replications and five plants per plot. The joint analysis of variance was performed and characteristics with significant complex interaction between control and experiment were excluded. Subsequently, the multicollinearity diagnostic test was carried out and characteristics that contributed to severe multicollinearity were excluded. The relative importance of each characteristics for genetic divergence was calculated by the Singh's method (Singh, 1981), and the less important ones were excluded according to Garcia (1998). Results showed large genetic divergence among the subsamples for morphological, agronomic and organoleptic characteristics, indicating potential for genetic improvement. The characteristics total soluble solids, mean number of good fruits per plant, endocarp thickness, mean mass of marketable fruit per plant, total acidity, mean number of unmarketable fruit per plant, internode diameter, internode length, main stem thickness and leaf width contributed little to the genetic divergence between the subsamples and may be excluded in future studies.

Genetic Divergence in Sunnhemp [Crotalaria juncea (L.)]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desai Tarjani B. ◽  
Madhu Bala ◽  
R.K. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cluster Distance

Background: Sunnhemp is a very important green manuring crop. The crop is utilized for various purposes like reducing soil erosion, improving soil properties and recycling plant nutrients. The knowledge regarding the crop is still not exploited, due to lack of research in this crop. So, the present study was conducted to know the extent of genetic diversity present in the crop. From the divergence analysis, it may be concluded that the genotypes belonging to different clusters separated by high estimated statistical distance may be used in the hybridization programme for developing high green biomass yielding sunnhemp varieties. Methods: A field experiment was conducted at the research farm of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat with thirty sunnhemp genotypes to know the extent of genetic diversity by D2 analysis in a randomized block design during late Kharif 2017.Result: The analysis was conducted for D2 analysis and was concluded from D2 analysis that, the characters viz., days to 50% flowering, fresh weight of root nodules per plant, fresh weight of plant, root nodules per plant, leaf length, root length, dry weight of root nodules per plant, C: N ratio, internodes per plant, plant height and stem diameter contributed towards the genetic divergence. Traits like primary branches per plant and leaf area didn’t contribute towards genetic divergence. The thirty genotypes were grouped into seven clusters following Tocher’s method (Rao, 1952). The cluster III was largest having eleven genotypes. Cluster IV and cluster II was second largest which contained seven and five genotypes respectively. Cluster I and cluster V contained three and two genotypes respectively Cluster VI and VII had only one genotype. The intra cluster distance was more in cluster III and the inter cluster distance was maximum between cluster V and cluster VII.

scholarly journals Genetic dissimilarity among jabuticaba trees native to southwestern Paraná, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moeses Andrigo Danner ◽  
Idemir Citadin ◽  
Simone Aparecida Zolet Sasso ◽  
Silvia Scariot ◽  
Giovani Benin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mahalanobis Distance ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Canonical Variables ◽  
Genetic Dissimilarity ◽  
Collection Sites

Knowledge on the genetic diversity within and between genotype groups is of great importance for breeding programs. The purpose of this study was to estimate the genetic dissimilarity among 36 native jabuticaba trees (Plinia cauliflora) from five sites in the southwestern region of Paraná, Brazil. Sixteen fruit traits were analyzed, based on multivariate techniques (canonical variables, Tocher and UPGMA), using Mahalanobis' distance as dissimilarity measure. By the techniques of clustering and graphic dispersion, together with the comparison of means, the genetic diversity among native jabuticaba trees was efficiently identified, indicating a high potential of these genotypes for breeding programs. The traits of greatest importance for dissimilarity were percentage of pulp and of skin, which are easily measured. The clustering structure is related to the collection sites and for breeding programs, genotypes from different sites should be crossed to generate progenies to be tested. Genotypes 'CV5' and 'VT3' should be conserved in genebanks, due to its important agronomic traits.

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