scholarly journals Copper translocation and tolerance in seedlings of tree species grown in contaminated soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1093-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo F. da Silva ◽  
Clovis O. Da Ros ◽  
Douglas L. Scheid ◽  
André L. Grolli ◽  
Rudinei De Marco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Bauhinia Forficata

ABSTRACTHigh concentrations of copper (Cu) may be toxic to plants, yet some species can be tolerant to soils contaminated by this metal. The study aimed to evaluate Cu translocation and tolerance in seedlings of ‘timbaúva’ (Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong), ‘pata-de-vaca’ (Bauhinia forficata Link) and ‘amendoim-bravo’ (Pterogyne nitensTul) subjected to Cu-contaminated soil. The study was conducted in a greenhouse for 120 days, using as substrate a clayey Oxisol. The experiment was set in a completely randomized design, using a 3 x 6 factorial scheme, corresponding to three forest species (‘timbaúva’, ‘pata-de-vaca’ and ‘amendoim-bravo’) and six Cu doses in the soil (0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 mg kg-1), with six replicates. The following variables were analysed: total dry matter, Cu content and its accumulation in roots and shoots, tolerance and translocation indices and the coefficient of impact of the contamination on the relative contents of Cu in roots and shoots. ‘Timbaúva’ showed lower reduction in total dry matter with the increase of Cu doses in the soil, proving to be able to decrease Cu translocation to the shoots and tolerate doses of up to 236 mg kg-1 of this metal in the soil. ‘Timbaúva’ seedlings are more tolerant to contamination of Cu in soil, compared with seedlings of ‘amendoim-bravo’ and ‘pata-de-vaca’.

scholarly journals Fitorremediation of contaminated soil with 2,4-D + picloram in Eastern Amazonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e59110414372
Author(s):  
Jéssica Paloma Pinheiro da Silva ◽  
Sandra Andréa Santos da Silva ◽  
Douglas Pereira Ferreira ◽  
Samia Cristina de Lima Lisboa ◽  
Rainerio Meireles da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Two Stages

The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu and Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa in phytoremediation of soil treated with 2,4-D + picloram herbicide, using Raphanus sativus Crimson Gigante as a bioindicator plant. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design in two stages. In the first stage the treatments were: cultivation of U. brizantha and P. maximum treated with and without the herbicide dose, with five replications. In the second stage, the treatments consisted of cultivating R. sativus in soil: free of herbicide residue; and soil contaminated with cultivation: prior to U. brizantha; P. maximum; and without previous cultivation of grass, with five replications. The units were treated with the herbicide, individually in pre-emergence, after 15 days the grasses were sown. After 50 days, forages were harvested and segregated in aerial and root parts, analyzing fresh and dry biomass (g) and height (cm). After removing phytoremediation plants, R. sativus was transplanted, evaluating visual phytotoxicity at 5, 10, 15 and 20 days after emergence (DAE) and at 20 DAE, the accumulation of green and dry matter (g), height (cm). The evaluated grasses have phytoremediation characteristics for auxinic herbicides; R. sativus can be used as a bioindicator of the herbicide 2,4-D + picloram; the evaluated period was not enough to fully remove the effects of the herbicide.

scholarly journals Growth, tolerance and zinc accumulation in Senna multijuga and Erythrina crista-galli seedlings

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 465-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas L. Scheid ◽  
Rudinei D. Marco ◽  
André L. Grolli ◽  
Rodrigo F. da Silva ◽  
Clovis O. Da Ros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Zinc Accumulation ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Senna Multijuga ◽  
Translocation Index

ABSTRACT Zinc (Zn) is a micronutrient that is reaching toxic levels in the soil, with the intensification of agricultural and industrial activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth, accumulation and tolerance of Erythrina crista-galli and Senna multijuga seedlings in soil with addition of increasing Zn levels. The study was conducted in a greenhouse for 120 days, using a completely randomized design in a 2 x 6 factorial arrangement, corresponding to two tree species (S. multijuga and E. crista-galli) and six doses of zinc in the soil (0, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mg kg-1) with six replicates. E. crista-galli and S. multijuga seedlings decreased root and shoot dry weight with increasing Zn doses. E. crista-galli and S. multijuga have low Zn translocation index and are capable to phytostabilize Zn in the roots. E. crista-galli had greater tolerance to Zn compared with S. multijuga. The species have potential for Zn phytostabilization programs in contaminated soil.

scholarly journals MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF COWPEA GENOTYPES TO IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1008
Author(s):  
JOÃO PEDRO ALVES DE AQUINO ◽  
ANTÔNIO AÉCIO DE CARVALHO BEZERRA ◽  
FRANCISCO DE ALCÂNTARA NETO ◽  
CARLOS JOSÉ GONCALVES DE SOUZA LIMA ◽  
RAYLSON RODRIGUES DE SOUSA
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Cowpea is broadly cultivated worldwide, especially in semi-arid or arid regions where soil or irrigation water salt contents can negatively influence the species’ productive capacity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphophysiological responses of cowpea genotypes to irrigation water salinity. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, under a completely randomized design with nine replications and in a 5x3 factorial scheme. Treatments consisted of five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity - EC (EC0: 0.55; EC1: 1.60; EC2: 3.20; EC3: 4.80 and EC4: 6.40 dS m-1), applied from the 15th day after sowing (DAS), and three cowpea genotypes (G1: BRS Imponente; G2: MNC04-795F-168 and G3: MNC04-795F-159). EC increases at 35 DAS promoted stem diameter reductions of 8.0% (G1), 11.4% (G2), and 7.7% (G3), indicating different resistance to salinity by each genotype. Leaf area reductions at 25 and 38 DAS were 30.9% and 38.8% for EC0 and EC4, respectively. The BRS Imponente cultivar presented a performance superior to those of G2 and G3 in relation to stem diameter and stem dry matter at 25 DAS, and root-shoot and root-leaf ratios at 38 DAS.

scholarly journals Competitive analysis of soybean and sudangrass using replacement series design

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 668-675
Author(s):  
Mauro Antônio Rizzardi ◽  
Alana Cristina Dorneles Wandscheer ◽  
Andrea Ferreira Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Replacement Series ◽  
Series Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Agricultural Areas

ABSTRACT Competition is the best known form of direct interference of weeds on agricultural crops. However, there is relatively little information on the competition of the weed sudangrass on soybean, which has been common in agricultural areas in the southern of Rio Grande do Sul. The objective of this study was to evaluate the competition between sudangrass and soybeans using replacement series experiments. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with four replications. The treatments consisted of soybean and sudangrass associations. The experimental units were 8-L plastic pots, in the proportions 0: 8, 2: 6, 4: 4, 6: 2, 8: 0, corresponding to 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the crop and weed respectively. Shoot, root and total dry matter and plant height were analyzed through diagrams applied to replacement series and competitive indices. Soybean showed competitive superiority in coexistence with sudangrass in relation to shoot, root and total dry matter. The intraspecific competition was more significant for the crop and inter-specific competition was more important for the weed.

scholarly journals Tolerance of Annual Winter Species to Protoporfirinogen Oxidase Inhibiting Herbicides (Protox)

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. ALVES ◽  
L. GALON ◽  
R.R. KAIZER ◽  
F.L. WINTER ◽  
C.M. HOLZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
F Test ◽  
Tolerant Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Linear Regressions

ABSTRACT: The use of plant species for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with herbicides is an alternative that has been emphasized to minimize the effects of the persistence of agrochemicals in the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerance potential of winter species in soils contaminated with sulfentrazone and fomesafen. The experiment was in a completely randomized design with four replications. Doses of fomesafen (0.0, 0.125, 0.250, and 0.5 kg ha-1) and sulfentrazone (0.0, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 kg ha-1) were applied during the pre-emergence of phytoremediate species (black oat, vetch, birdsfood trefoil, radish and lupin). Forty five days after the emergence of the species, the phytotoxicity (%), leaf area (cm2), stalk and/or stem diameter (mm), height (cm) and dry matter (g) variables of the plants were evaluated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance by F test; when significant, linear or non linear regressions were applied to evaluate the effect of herbicide doses on the studied species. Birdsfood trefoil was the less tolerant species to fomesafen and sulfentrazone. Black oat was less affected by the application of fomesafen doses, but it was highly susceptible to sulfentrazone. Radish presented tolerance only up to the fomesafen dose of 0.25 kg ha-1; as for sulfentrazone, the species showed tolerance. The most tolerant species to fomesafen and sulfentrazone, regardless of the dose, was the lupine, which is a possible alternative for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with these herbicides.

scholarly journals Size and vigor of Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan seeds harvested in Caatinga areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaciara de Souza Bispo ◽  
Danielle Carolina Campos da Costa ◽  
Samara Elizabeth Vieira Gomes ◽  
Gilmara Moreira de Oliveira ◽  
Janete Rodrigues Matias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Climate Variations ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstract: Angico is a species found in several environments in Brazil, with several applications. It is used in the timber industry and mainly in folk medicine. In order to verify a variation in the biometric characteristics and the quality of seeds from different mother-plants in different harvesting years, the following variables were studied: moisture content, diameter, density, electrical conductivity, fresh and dry matter of seedlings, germination percentage and kinetics, in a completely randomized design with a 2x3 factorial arrangement (lots x size). The obtained results showed that angico seeds from different lots showed different physiological quality, possibly due to the climate variations to which mother-plants were submitted in the different years. Seed size directly interferes with seedling growth under both controlled and greenhouse conditions, and it can be used as a vigor indicator for angico seeds.

scholarly journals Phenology of African mahogany plants submitted to irrigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derblai Casaroli ◽  
Flávio De Oliveira Rosa ◽  
José Alves Júnior ◽  
Adão Wagner Pêgo Evangelista
Keyword(s):  
Wood Quality ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
African Mahogany ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Times

In the searching of forest species with good wood quality, easy adaptability and high commercial value, the African mahogany (Khaya ivorensis Chev. A.) have been a good alternative. This study aimed evaluate the phenometric responses of African Mahogany submitted to irrigation. The field experiment was carried out in Bonfinópolis-GO, Brazil, with young plants of African mahogany, being 5 irrigated and 5 non-irrigated. The following variables were evaluated: plant height, stem heigh, number of leaves and leaflets, stem diameter and leaf area. A completely randomized design was used in a bi-factorial scheme 2x9 (A: irrigated and non-irrigated; D: 0, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, 480, 540 days after transplanting). All the variables showed significant differences not only for irrigated and non-irrigated treatments but also for the times of evaluation, except for stem diameter. Irrigation resulted in higher growth of plants and the irrigation of young African mahogany plants should be used mainly in drought period.

scholarly journals KECERNAAN IN VITRO SILASE SAMPAH SAYUR DAN DAUN GAMAL MENGGUNAKAN MIKROORGANISME RUMEN KAMBING

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Indrayani Indrayani ◽  
Harapin Hafid ◽  
Dian Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the digestibility of dry matter and organic matter level waste silage mixed vegetables and Gliricidia leaves were tested in vitro. This study used a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 3 replications. Each of these treatments is R0 (Gliricidia leaves 100%), R1 (Gliricidia leaves 70% + 30% silage vegetable waste), and R2 (Gliricidia leaves 40% + 60% silage vegetable waste). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and further testing using the test Honestly Significant Difference (HSD). The results of ANOVA showed that the mixture of vegetable waste silage was highly significant (p <0.05) on dry matter digestibility and significantly (p <0.05) on the digestibility of organic matter. It can be concluded that the mixed of vegetable waste silage and Gliricidia leaves can improved digestibility of dry matter and organic matter, treatment of 40% and 60% Gliricidia leaves plus waste vegetable produce silage dry matter digestibility and percentage of organic matter is best (72,24% and 68,19%).Keyword: Silage vegetable waste, gliricidia leaves, dry and organic matter digestibilityABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecenaan bahan kering dan bahan organik tingkat campuran silase sampah sayur dan daun gamal yang diuji secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Masing-masing perlakuan tersebut ialah R0 (daun gamal 100%), R1 (daun gamal 70% + silase sampah sayur 30%), dan R2 (daun gamal 40% + silase sampah sayur 60%). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan uji lanjut menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ). Hasil analisis sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa campuran silase sampah sayur berpengaruh sangat nyata (p<0,05) terhadap kecernaan bahan kering dan berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap kecernaan bahan organik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan campuran silase sampah sayur dan daun gamal dapat meningkatkan kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik, perlakuan 40% daun gamal dan 60% silase sampah sayur menghasilkan persentase kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik yang terbaik yaitu (72,24% dan 68,19%).Kata kunci : Silase sampah sayur, daun gamal, kecernaan bahan kering, dan bahan organik.

scholarly journals Production of Bambusa vulgaris seedlings from rhizomes under brackish water irrigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 337-342
Author(s):  
Lourenço M. C. Branco ◽  
Claudivan F. de Lacerda ◽  
Albanise B. Marinho ◽  
Carlos H. C. de Sousa ◽  
Amanda S. F. Calvet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Photosynthesis Rate ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of irrigation with brackish water on the production of bamboo seedlings (Bambusa vulgaris). The experiment was carried out at the Fazenda Experimental Piroás, in the municipality of Redenção, CE, Brazil (4° 14’ 53” S, 38° 45’ 10” W, and altitude of 230 m), in a completely randomized design with five treatments and six repetitions. The treatments consisted of five irrigation water electrical conductivity (ECw): 0.5 (control); 1.5; 2.5; 3.5 and 4.5 dS m-1. At 120 days after the beginning of the application of the treatments the leaf gas exchange, relative chlorophyll index (RCI), plant height (H), shoot dry matter (SDM), H/SDM ratio, and the concentrations of Na+ and K+ in stems and leaves were evaluated. Salt tolerance indexes were calculated based on SDM, H, photosynthesis rate and RCI. The increase in the ECw reduced leaf gas exchange, and the reduction in the photosynthesis rate was caused by stomatal and non-stomatal effects. The salinity affected negatively the growth and quality of bamboo seedlings, with the greatest effects being with ECw equal to or greater than 2.5 dS m-1. Bamboo seedlings present Na+ retention in the stems and low Na+/K+ ratio in the leaves. Bamboo seedlings are tolerant to salinity up to 1.5 dS m-1, indicating that waters with this salinity can be used for seedling production of this species, without loss of growth and quality.

scholarly journals ALTERNATIVE SUBSTRATES FOR PRODUCTION OF YELLOW PASSION FRUIT SEEDLINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Eduardo Santana Aires ◽  
Carlos Alberto Aragão ◽  
Itala Laiane Silva Gomes ◽  
Gilmário Noberto de Souza ◽  
Isa Gabriela Vieira de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Alternative Substrates ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

This study aimed to evaluate different substrates to produce yellow passion fruit seedlings. For this purpose, an experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, from April to June 2016. A completely randomized design with five replications, in a 6 x 5 factorial scheme was used. The first factor was the alternative substrates (poultry, cattle and equine manure, sugarcane and coconut bagasse, and Organomais compost). The second factor was the replacement levels to the commercial substrate of Plantmax® (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100). The seedling evaluation was carried out 42 days after sowing. The following variables were analyzed: length, width, and the number of leaves; plant height and shoot dry matter. A significant effect (P0.05) for the interaction between the factors was verified. The addition of 60% cattle manure and Organomais to the commercial substrate Plantmax® promoted greater length, width, and the number of leaves, plant height, and shoot dry matter accumulation in the yellow passion fruit seedlings.

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