scholarly journals Risk behaviors related to eating disorders in adolescents and its association with dental erosion

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Daniella Fagundes SOUTO ◽  
Bruno Arlindo de Oliveira COSTA ◽  
Arlete Maria Gomes OLIVEIRA ◽  
Flávia Martão FLÓRIO ◽  
Luciane ZANIN
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Dental Erosion ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
State School ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Mean Risk

Abstract Introduction The overvaluation of thinness as a standard of beauty has contributed to the development of eating disorders and has mainly affected adolescents and young adults. Objective To evaluate the prevalence of risk behaviors for eating disorders and their association with dental erosion in adolescents. Material and method This is a cross-sectional observational epidemiological study. The sample consisted of 278 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years, enrolled in a State School in Campinas - SP. Two questionnaires were used for the data collection on eating disorders: Bulimic Investigatory Test of Edinburgh and Eating Attitudes Test -26. The presence of erosion was evaluated by calibrated examiners. Result The mean age of the sample was 14.8 years. The prevalence of mean risk for bulimia in the sample was 43.2% (95% CI: 37.3%-49.0%) and the prevalence of adolescents with a probability of developing bulimia was 53.2% (95% CI: 47.4%-59.1%). Of the total, 11.9% (95% CI: 8.1%-15.7%) showed results suggestive of anorexia. Among women, 66.9% were classified as probability developing bulimia, whereas in men the prevalence was 39.0%. As for dental erosion, only 1.1% of the sample presented erosion. Conclusion The study pointed to large number of adolescents with risk behaviors for eating disorders but no association was found with dental erosion due to low prevalence.

scholarly journals Eating Disorders in Top Elite Beach Handball Players: Cross Sectional Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez ◽  
Manuel Vicente-Martínez ◽  
Javier Sánchez-Sánchez ◽  
Laura Miralles-Amorós ◽  
María Martínez-Olcina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eat 26

(1) Background: The preoccupation with the increasing appearance of eating disorders (ED) in athletes continues to grow, especially in athletes who practice team sports. ED severely affects the eating habits of the athletes, who tend to use unhealthy approaches to control their body weight. The development of nutritional education and early interventions by training staff is essential, and these factors are widely perceived as beneficial in sports medicine. This study evaluates the frequency at which beach handball (BH) players develop ED, also comparing the differences by sex and age (junior: adolescents vs. senior: young adults). In addition, the relation between body composition variables and ED was studied. (2) Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 69 top elite handball players (36 males and 33 females) from the Spanish National BH Team; who were separated by age (junior: adolescents and senior: young adults). The athletes completed the Eating Attitudes Test in its 26 item version (EAT-26). (3) Results: The prevalence of ED indicated that 11% of females had a high possibility of developing an ED, and 3% of males. Regarding the EAT-26 total score and subscales, no significant differences were found between female and male participants, or between the junior and senior categories. The correlations showed an association between body composition, in terms of body mass index, and the EAT-26 total score in both males and females. In the case of males, the correlation was negative. (4) Conclusions: Although there are no significant differences between sex or categories, it has been found that elite athletes are a population that is at high risk of developing ED.

Eating Attitudes of Female Pharmacy students in Pakistan: a Cross-Sectional Psychometric Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Aqeel Aslam ◽  
Ushna Laraib ◽  
Iqra Afzal ◽  
Shingraf Zaib ◽  
Asma Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disturbed Eating ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Eat 26

The prevalence of eating disorders among University students has been on rise throughout the world. The present descriptive cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of eating disorders among the female students of pharmacy department at University of Sargodha, Pakistan using well established EAT-26 questionnaire. The study included 177 female undergraduate pharmacy students from all five years of Pharm D. An EAT-26 score over 20 was indicator of disturbed eating behavior. Out of the total 177 students who participated the study, 47 (26.6%) students had disturbed eating behavior. The mean EAT-26 score was 14.7. According to BMI calculations, 31.64% of total individuals were underweight, 59.32% normal, 6.78% overweight and 2.26% belonged to obese category. The prevalence of eating disorders was found to be much higher than the studies conducted at developed countries. There is an urgent need of an effort to increase awareness of such disorders among students and general public. Conduction of such study at other institutes and at larger scale is recommended.

Eating behaviour of male racing jockeys

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. King ◽  
Gillian Mezey
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eating Attitudes Test ◽  
Food Avoidance ◽  
Population Mean ◽  
Appetite Suppressants ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

SynopsisJockeys based in racing stables in the Newmarket and Epsom areas of England were screened using the 26-item Eating Attitudes Test. The mean score of the EAT was 14·9, significantly above that reported for males in other studies. The response rate was poor, but 10 jockeys agreed to a full psychiatric and eating interview. The majority of jockeys interviewed reported food avoidance, the use of saunas, and the abuse of laxatives. Diuretics and appetite suppressants were also used. Bingeing was common, but self-induced vomiting was unusual. Current weights were 13% below, and the lowest reported weights 21% below, matched population mean weights. The relationship between these forms of eating behaviour and clinical eating disorders is discussed.

scholarly journals Transtornos alimentares, imagem corporal e influência da mídia em universitárias

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isadora Ramos Fonseca ◽  
Ana Paula Gonçalves de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Olimpia Ribeiro do Vale Almada ◽  
Rene Jesus De La Torre Acosta ◽  
Monise Martins da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
University Students ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Test Body ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Monitoring

Objetivo: avaliar, em universitárias da área da saúde, indícios de transtornos alimentares, satisfação com a imagem corporal e influência da mídia. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, observacional, com 61 universitárias, com idade superior ou igual aos 20 anos de idade, aplicando-se os questionários Eating Atitudes Test, Body Shape Questionnaire, questionário de Teste de Imagem Corporal, Atitudes Socioculturais em Relação à Aparência, Escala de Compulsão Alimentar Periódica e dados antropométricos. Realizou-se a análise descritiva das variáveis. Resultados: observou-se que, das 45 universitárias, a maioria apresentou Índice de Massa Corporal adequado; 26,7% apresentaram indícios de transtornos alimentares; 4,4%, insatisfação corporal grave e a influência da mídia e a compulsão alimentar periódica apresentaram-se em 2,2% do total da amostra estudada. Conclusão: entende-se que o diagnóstico precoce desses distúrbios, assim como de suas complicações clínicas, nem sempre é possível. Torna-se essencial que o tratamento das complicações seja realizado de maneira concomitante ao acompanhamento psicoterápico e nutricional. Descritores: Transtornos Alimentares; Imagem Corporal; Universitárias; Anorexia; Bulimia; Transtorno Alimentar Periódico.AbstractObjective: to evaluate, in university students in the health field, signs of eating disorders, satisfaction with body image and media influence. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study, with 61 university students, aged 20 years or over, using the Eating Attitudes Test, Body Shape Questionnaire, Body Image Test questionnaire , Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance, Periodic Eating Compulsion Scale and anthropometric data. Descriptive analysis of the variables was carried out. Results: it was observed that, of the 45 university students most had an adequate Body Mass Index; 26.7% showed signs of eating disorders; 4.4%, severe body dissatisfaction and the influence of the media and binge eating were 2.2% of the total sample studied. Conclusion: it is understood that the early diagnosis of these disorders, as well as their clinical complications, is not always possible. It is essential that the treatment of complications is carried out concurrently with psychotherapeutic and nutritional monitoring. Descriptors: Eating Disorders; Body Image; University Students; Anorexia; Bulimia; Periodic Eating Disorder.ResumenObjetivo: evaluar, en estudiantes universitarias en el campo de la salud, signos de trastornos alimentarios, satisfacción con la imagen corporal e influencia de los medios. Método: este es un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, observacional, con 61 estudiantes universitarias, de 20 años o más, utilizando el Test de Actitudes Alimentarias, el Cuestionario de Forma Corporal, el cuestionario del Test de Imagen Corporal, Actitudes socioculturales hacia la apariencia, Escala de compulsión alimentaria periódica y datos antropométricos. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las variables. Resultados: se observó que, de las 45 estudiantes universitarias, la mayoría tenía un Índice de Masa Corporal adecuado; 26.7% mostró signos de trastornos alimentarios; 4.4%, la insatisfacción corporal severa y la influencia de los medios de comunicación y los atracones fueron 2.2% de la muestra total estudiada. Conclusión: se entiende que el diagnóstico temprano de estos trastornos, así como sus complicaciones clínicas, no siempre es posible. Es esencial que el tratamiento de las complicaciones se realice simultáneamente con el monitoreo psicoterapéutico y nutricional. Descriptores: Trastornos de la Alimentación; Imagen Corporal; Estudiantes Universitarios; Anorexia Bulimia; Trastorno Alimentario Periódico.

scholarly journals Healthy Vegan Lifestyle Habits among Argentinian Vegetarians and Non-Vegetarians

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocio Gili ◽  
Sara Leeson ◽  
Evelyn Montes-Chañi ◽  
Daniel Xutuc ◽  
Ismael Contreras-Guillén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Lifestyle Pattern ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle ◽  
High Educational

Although current research has contributed to the promotion of whole-food plant-based diets, few studies have examined healthy vegan dietary and lifestyle factors, especially in South America. Therefore, we aimed at investigating the adherence to healthy vegan lifestyle habits among Argentinian vegetarians and omnivorous, using a recently developed vegetarian lifestyle index adapted to the vegan dietary pattern. Also, accessibility of vegetarian foods, and the proportion of household income spent on food were assessed in a cross-sectional approach with 1454 participants. The population was comprised of females (84.9%), singles (55.0%), young-adults (mean age 32.1, standard deviation (SD) = 13.6), employed (50.8%), with high educational levels (50.4%), and low prevalence of both tobacco smoking (7.0%) and frequent alcohol consumption (7.6%). The mean score of adherence to healthy vegan lifestyle habits was 6.64 (SD = 1.72), with higher scores indicating better adherence. Non-vegetarians (5.75; 95% confidence interval (CI), 5.61–5.89) had a significantly lower adjusted mean score compared to semi-(6.32; 95% CI, 6.17–6.47), pesco-(6.99; 95% CI, 6.59–7.39), lacto-ovo-vegetarians (7.10; 95% CI, 6.96–7.24), as well as vegans (8.59; 95% CI, 8.35–8.83). The mean proportion of household income spent on food was significantly lower among vegans compared with other dietary patterns. The whole studied population showed a low consumption of whole grains, legumes, vegetables, nuts, and seeds. Although vegans showed a better diet and lifestyle pattern there is a need to improve eating and lifestyle habits to address risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Argentina.

Orthodontic Treatment Need in Bangladeshi Young Adults Evaluated Through Dental Aesthetic Index

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kajol Chandra Paul ◽  
Md Zakir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Aim : The objectives of this study were to evaluate the severity of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in Bangladeshi young adults by using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI).Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Government and private college of Dhaka and Netrokona, Bangladesh. A total of 405 students (from 17 to 25 years old) were selected by convenience sampling. Students wearing orthodontic appliance or reporting a history of orthodontic treatment were excluded from the study. Clinical examinations were conducted using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). The chi-square test (x2) was used to compare malocclusion severity. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare the changes in DAI scores and the mean DAI scores between various age groups. The t test was used to compare the mean DAI scores between sex groups.Results: 405 college students were examined, 305(75.3%) were boys and 100(24.7%) were girls. Most of the  students 277(68.4%) had DAI scores ? 25 with no or little malocclusion requiring slight  or no  orthodontic  treatment, 76(18.8%) had DAI score of 26-30 with definite malocclusion requiring elective orthodontic  treatment, 34(8.4%) had DAI score of 31-35 with severe type of malocclusion requiring highly desirable orthodontic treatment, 18(4.4%) had DAI score ? 36 with very severe or handicapping malocclusion requiring mandatory orthodontic treatment.Conclusion: The majority of the students in our study (68.4%) required no or little treatment; (12.8%) had definite malocclusion requiring definite orthodontic treatment.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2013; Vol-3, No.2

scholarly journals Refraction and Ocular Biometry of Preschool Children in Shanghai, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luoli Zhang ◽  
Xiangui He ◽  
Xiaomei Qu ◽  
Xiaofang You ◽  
Bingjie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ocular Biometry ◽  
School Based ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Purpose. To investigate the refraction and ocular biometry characteristics and to examine the prevalence of refractive errors in preschool children aged 3 to 6 years in Shanghai, China. Methods. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Jiading and Xuhui District, Shanghai, in 2013. We randomly selected 7 kindergartens in Jiading District and 10 kindergartens in Xuhui District, with a probability proportionate to size. The children underwent comprehensive eye examinations, including cycloplegic refraction and biometric measurements. Myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism were defined as spherical equivalent (SE) ≤ −0.50 D, SE ≥ +2.00 D, and cylindrical diopters ≤ −1.00 D. Results. The mean SE for 3- to 6-year-old children was +1.20 D (standard deviation [SD] 1.05), and the mean axial length (AL) was 22.29 mm (SD 0.73). The overall prevalence of myopia and astigmatism was 3.7% and 18.3%, respectively. No difference in prevalence of astigmatism was found across age groups. There was a statistically significant association between lower cylindrical diopters and higher spherical diopters (Spearman’s correlation: −0.21, P<0.001). Conclusion. Chinese children aged 3 to 6 years in the Shanghai area were mostly mildly hyperopic, with a low prevalence of myopia. Refractive astigmatism for children may be relatively stable throughout the preschool stage. Astigmatism was significantly associated with refractive error.

Assessment of Parental Knowledge and Understanding of Eating Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-265
Author(s):  
Amanda E. Bryson ◽  
Erik B. Lehman ◽  
Sarah M. Iriana ◽  
Susan E. Lane-Loney ◽  
Rollyn M. Ornstein
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Adolescent Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Change In Mean ◽  
Adolescent Eating Disorders

Recommended treatment of adolescent eating disorders includes active parental involvement. The purpose of this study was to assess baseline parental knowledge and understanding of eating disorders and how it is affected by participation in treatment. A cross-sectional and prospective cohort study comparing the parents of children ages 8 to 18 years seeking initial evaluation for an eating disorder at an adolescent medicine clinic (ED) to those attending appointments at a general pediatrics clinic (GP) was performed utilizing a 20-item questionnaire. There was no difference in mean scores at baseline, however after 2 months, the mean score of the ED group was significantly higher, while that of the GP group was not. The change in mean score from the first to second survey was significantly greater for the ED group than the GP group. Increased knowledge may improve self-efficacy, which plays a critical role in parents’ ability to adopt eating disorder treatments.

scholarly journals Perceived Stress Levels and Associated Factors Among SARS-CoV-2-Affected Young Adults Under Home Isolation—A Cross-Sectional Study From Kerala, India

2022 ◽  
pp. 263394472110586
Author(s):  
Anjana Nalina Kumari Kesavan Nair ◽  
Jisharaj Vijayakumari Rajasekharan Nair ◽  
Siji Vincent Swarnabai ◽  
Reshma Rajan Sudha ◽  
Alice Metilda Mendez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

Introduction The impact of SARS-CoV-2 is not only on physical health but also on mental health. This pandemic raised concerns of fear, anxiety, and stress among patients affected with the disease. Quarantine and home isolation might have created psychological distress and helplessness in patients due to social and economic reasons. This study aimed in assessing the level of perceived stress and factors associated with it among SARS-CoV-2-affected young adults who were under home isolation. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among 147 SARS-CoV-2-affected young adults who were under home isolation during June 2021 to August 2021. A semi-structured proforma was created using KoBo Toolbox for humanitarian response for data collection. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) was used for measurement of stress among COVID-19 patients. The questionnaire was shared in online platform. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0. Significance of association was tested using chi square test and independent sample t test. Logistic regression was done to predict the factors associated with perceived stress. Results Out of the 147 study participants, 56.5% were females and 43.5% were males. Symptoms were present in 94 (63.9%) of patients. The mean age of the study participants was 26 (10.5) years. The mean PSS score was 17.5 (6.4). Among the cases under home isolation, 24.5% had low stress levels, 68% had moderate stress levels, and 7.5% had severe stress levels. Feeling of loneliness during home isolation (odds ratio [OR]: 4.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.9-11.63], P = .008), presence of elderly or under-5 children in the same house (OR: 15.45, 95% CI [2.03-117.5], P = .001), and presence of cough ( P = .05) were found to be significantly associated with higher PSS scores. Age and sleep were negatively correlated with stress score. Conclusion One-third of the study participants had moderate to severe levels of perceived stress. Age, sleep hours, presence of cough, presence of under-5 children or elderly in the same house, and feeling of loneliness during home isolation were found to be significantly associated with high perceived stress level scores.

Eating disorders and their correlates in high school adolescents of Northern Italy

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Linda Toselli ◽  
Simona Villani ◽  
Antonio Maria Ferro ◽  
Anna Verri ◽  
Laura Cucurullo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
Illegal Drugs ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Unhealthy Eating

SUMMARYObjective – The study investigated eating disordered behaviours and life-habits correlated in a large sample of Northern Italian adolescents of both sexes. Methods – The study had a cross-sectional design. 2595 students (2,146 responders; mean age 17.2±1.7 years) attending high schools in Savona (Italy) in April and May 2001 were sampled. To assess eating attitudes, the Inventory for the Screening of Eating Disorders (ISED) was self-administered. Inquiries regarding possible risk factors for eating disorders were also made: socio-economic status, body weight, smoking and alcohol drinking habits, illegal drugs use. Results – Females scored significantly higher than males at ISED (13.4±7.7 vs. 7.6±5.8). 28.5% of females had a total ISED score above the cut-off point (18/19). Unhealthy eating behaviours were strongly associated with higher BMI, body image disturbance and illegal drugs use in both sexes; age had significant role only in males. No significant association between disordered eating behaviours and socio-economic status, smoking habit and alcohol consumption were found. Conclusions – Symptoms of eating disorders are quite spread in the Northern Italian female adolescents and associate with illegal drugs use. These data, with not negligible frequency of unhealthy eating behaviours and attitudes in males too, suggest that primary and secondary preventive interventions for teen-agers should be got ready.Declaration of Interest: 1) the study received the financial support by Regione Liguria and ASL 2 of Savona; 2) the study didn't receive any forms of financing by pharmaceutical company support and any honoraria for consultancies or interventions was received by each author in the last two years; 3) any other involvements that might be considered a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article. The authors state that if and when the manuscript accepted for publication, they automatically agree to transfer the copyright to the publisher

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