Development of caries adjacent to composite restorations after exposure to dentifrices with different fluoride concentrations

Objective To evaluate the development of recurrent caries after exposure to fluoride dentifrices with different concentrations. Material and method: 48 samples of bovine incisors (4x4mm2) were exposed to pH cycling for 7 days before the preparation of the cavities (2mm deep). The samples were restored with a microhybrid resin composite. Then, the samples were exposed to thermal cycling (350 cycles) and they were randomly allocated into 4 treatment groups (n = 12): Group A - non-fluoridated dentifrice (negative control); Group B - 500 ppm dentifrice; Group C - 750 ppm dentifrice; group D - 1100 ppm dentifrice (positive control). The samples were treated with solutions of each dentifrice (9.6 ml water/1.6 g dentifrice) for 60 seconds and then were immersed in demineralizing (3 h) and remineralizing (2 h) solutions 3 times a day. Next, the samples were immersed in a remineralizing solution for 18 hours. Then, the blocks were sectioned for examination of the length of the outer caries lesion, using polarized light microscopy. The ANOVA parametric test complemented by the Tukey test with a confidence level of 95%, were used in the statistical analysis. Result: A smaller lesion length was observed in the group treated with the fluoride concentration of 1100 ppm F, but there were no differences between toothpastes with fluoride concentrations of 500 and 750 ppm F. Conclusion: The use of fluoride dentifrices (1100 ppm) reduces the development of caries adjacent to dental restorations.

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Immunomodulator Effect of Lemongrass Extract (Cymbopogon nardus L.) to Increase Immune Cells as a Precaution Against SARS-CoV-2

Biomolecular and Health Science Journal ◽

10.20473/bhsj.v4i2.26619 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Putri Ayu Ika Setiyowati ◽

Rofiatun Solekha ◽

Sri Bintang Sahara Mahaputra Kusuma Negara ◽

Reny Rosalina

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Optimal Dose ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Optimal Dosage ◽

Skin Injury ◽

Treatment Groups

Introduction: In humans, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) can damage some tissue when the immune systems was decrease. Natural product from the plant often used to improve immune response against microorganism including virus. This study aimed to determine the potential antioxidant of lemongrass extract (C . nardus) with various dosage that can provide immunomodulatory effects and find an optimal dosage to be used. Methods: The method used observasional analytic, using animal model of 30 male mice strain BALB/C, weight 25-30 gram, divided into 5 groups; the positive control group was given 0.05 mL of 0.05% CMC within 14 days, negative control group was given IMBOOST® tablet 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) within 14 days, treatment groups were given C. nardus extract with various doses 50 mg/kg bw, 150 mg/kg bw, and 300 mg/kg bw. In day 21 all group were injected with 0,2 ml of pathogen bacterial (S. aureus). Blood samples were taken three times: 7th day, 14th day, and 21th day. Results: The results showed that lemongrass extract (C. nardus) was able to influence the leukocyte and lymphocytes count with significant different (p<0.05). The optimal dose is 150 mg/kg body weight. Conclusion: The antioxidant compounds that contain in the C. nardus extract have an ability to increasing the immune system in the dose 150 mg/kg bw , but in the dose 300 mg/kg bw became toxic that can make a skin injury or death in animal test.

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Hepatoprotective Role of AV/LCP/18 In CCl4 Induced FLKS Syndrome in Commercial Broilerst

THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.21887/ijvsbt.v12i2.3738 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

Author(s):

P. M. Sonkusale ◽

Pratik N. Inglepatil ◽

Siddharth V. Jamadade

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Protein Profile ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Mean Values ◽

Group B

A total of 75 day old broiler chicks were divided into three equal groups. Group A served as negative control. Group B (positive control) and C (treatment group) were intoxicated with oral administration of CCl4 @ 1 ml/kg body weight after every 3rd day during 15-28 days of age. Group C was given AV/LCP/18 @ 0.10 ml / chick / day in drinking water during 29th-42nd day of age. At the end of experiment, significantly (P is less than 0.01) higher mean body weight and lower FCR was observed in treatment group C as compared to positive control group B. Similarly, significantly (P is less than 0.05) decreased levels of SGOT, SGPT, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine and higher mean values of serum protein profile along with mild degenerative changes in liver and kidney of broilers in group C were observed as compared to group B indicating therapeutic efficacy of AV/LCP/18 in ameliorating the toxic effects or FLKS induced by CCl4 in commercial broilers

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The bone strengthening effects of propolis in ovariectomized female white rats as models for postmenopause

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences ◽

10.2478/cipms-2021-0025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Dian Ayu Juwita ◽

Almahdy Almahdy ◽

Rahmad Abdillah ◽

Fiony Syahputri

Keyword(s):

Bone Strength ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Impact Testing ◽

Control Group ◽

Test Results ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

White Rats

Abstract Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by decreased quality and strength of bones so that it becomes porous and fracture. Propolis is known to have many pharmacological activity, including an anti-osteoporosis effect. This study aims to determine the effect of propolis administration and the effects of propolis dosage variation in preventing osteoporosis based on the strength value of femur bone impact in female white rats in the form of an ovariectomy postmenopausal model. The rats were divided into 5 groups: positive control group (subjected to ovariectomy), negative control group (not subjected to ovariectomy, and treatment groups that were subjected to ovariectomy and given propolis at a dose of 180 mg/kg BW, dose 360 mg/kg BW and dose 720 mg/kg BW. Propolis was administered orally for 30 days. Bone impact strength testing was undertaken after 30 days using an impact testing machine. Research data were analyzed via one-way ANOVA and continued with the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. From the test results, we noted that propolis administration had an effect on the value of bone strength, with the dose of 720 mg/kg BW and 360 mg/kg BW having a significant effect, compared with others. With an increase in dose, propolis can provide an increase in the value of bone strength in rat bones.

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Effect of Basil Leaves (Ocimum sanctum L.) Infusion as Hepatoprotective Agent Induced by Paracetamol

Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention ◽

10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev7iss2pp68-73 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 68

Author(s):

Ni Nyoman Yuliani ◽

Jefrin Sambara ◽

Maria Hilaria ◽

Harlinda Harlinda

Keyword(s):

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Ocimum Sanctum ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Dose Infusion ◽

High Antioxidant Activity ◽

Test Result

Indonesia has biodiversity potential to be developed as medicinal plants, such as basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L.). Basil was reported to have a very high antioxidant activity in vitro. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L.) infusion to liver based Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) value in each dose. 18 rats were divided into 6 groups., control group, negative control group treated with CMC Na 0.5%, positive control group treated with Curcuma 3.6 mg / 200gBB, groups of 4-6 consecutive given a 80 mg dose infusion basil / 200 gBB, 160 mg / 200 gBB, 320 mg / 200 gBB for 8 consecutive days, on the day of the 4th and 8th all treatment groups induced by toxic doses of paracetamol (500 mg / 200 gBB) except the normal control group 1, The research data in the form of enzyme activity of AST and ALT were analyzed using parametric and nonparametric ANOVA, and Friedman test with the level of trust then followed by SNK test and Bnj test. The statistical test result with a 95% of level of trust that shown basil infuse with a dose of 80mg / 200gBB, 160mg / 200gBB, 320mg / 200gBB have hepatoprotective effects in rats induced by paracetamol 500mg / 200gBB. Based on the result of changes in average levels of AST on the fourth day and the eighth day of the three treatment infusion, infusion at a dose of 160 mg / 200gBB most effectively reduce average levels of AST and a group that has the average AST closest to the control group is positive, but infusion at a dose of 320mg / 200gBB the group that has the closest average ALT positive control group.Keywords : hepatoprotective, Ocimum sanctum L, Paracetamol

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Green Coffea robusta (Coffea canephora) from Lampung province effect toward free radicals in chickens infected with Salmonella enteritidis bacteria

Open Veterinary Journal ◽

10.4314/ovj.v11i1.10 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 61-69

Author(s):

Dahliatul Qosimah ◽

Djalal Rosyidi ◽

Lilik E. Radiati ◽

Indah A. Amri ◽

Dodik Prasetyo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salmonella Enteritidis ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Coffea Canephora ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

High Dose ◽

Treatment Groups

Background: Foodborne diseases are caused by acquired pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella enteritidis. It causes an intestinal imbalance and the microbial toxins found in the gastrointestinal tract induce symptoms such as diarrhea. Coffee contains active ingredients such as antioxidants and is used as an anti-inflammatory agent by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the body. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the interaction between Lampung’s robusta coffee and tissue damage in chickens infected by S. enteritidis. Methods: This study used first-day-old Isa brown layer chickens (n = 60), which were divided into five treatment groups. The negative control group consisted of healthy and normal chickens, whereas the positive control group consisted of chickens infected with S. enteritidis bacteria at a concentration of 108 CFU/ml. Groups T1, T2, and T3 were given coffee extract with doses of 500 mg/kg BW (low dose), 1,000 mg/kg BW (moderate dose), and 1,500 mg/kg BW (high dose), respectively, and then infected with S. enteritidis bacteria at a concentration of 108 CFU/ml. The coffee extract and bacteria were given orally via a feeding tube at a volume of 0.5 ml per chick. The extract was given for 14 days (from day 3 to day 16), and the bacteria were given on days 16 and 17. On day 18, the chickens were necropsied. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance test with the GLM procedure (<0.05), while the tissue histopath was analyzed using a descriptive qualitative study to examine the ileal damage Results: The results showed that the MDA levels (nmol/l) decreased in treatment groups T1, T2, and T3 compared to the positive control. On the contrary, we found improvements in the ileum histopathology of group T1 and T2 in the form of normal and regular intestinal epithelium arrangement of the ileum, long intestinal villi, and decreased total leukocytes. Conclusion: Green coffee robusta has the potential to increase antioxidants and reduce inflammation in the small intestine of chickens infected with S. enteritidis.

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Tahu yang Difermentasi Rhizopus sp. Menurunkan Kadar Glukosa Darah Tikus Putih(Rattus norvegicus)

Smart Medical Journal ◽

10.13057/smj.v1i1.24180 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Eldaa Putik Bunga Melati ◽

Budiyanti Wiboworini ◽

Briandani Subariyanti

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Rhizopus Sp

Introductions : Controlling of blood glucose would be important to prevent many complications of DM. Consuming fiber is one way to maintain blood glucose level. These amount of fiber could be obtained in tofu fermented by Rhizopus sp. This research aimed to know the effect of tofu fermented by Rhizopus sp. in controlling blood glucose level of diabetic induced white rats (Rattus norvegicus).Methods : This research was a laboratoric-experimental study. The subjects were Rattus norvegicusgrouped randomly. The total 30 Rattus norvegicus were injected by Alloxan 15mg/100gramBW, then randomly allocated into 5 group, positive control group (glibenclamide 0.05mg/100gramBW/day), negative control group (aquadest), and treatment groups with different doses of fermented tofu (0.025gram/100 gramBW/day; 0.050gram/100 gramBW/day; 0.100gram/100gramBW/day). The research design was Pretest and Posttest Control Group Design. The fasting blood glucose were measuredbefore Alloxan injection (day-2), after Alloxan injection (day-5), and after the treatments (day-19).Results : there was a significant decrease of blood glucose level in all treatment groups and positive control (p = 0.001). Post Hoc Test showed a significant difference between all treatment groups and positive control group compared to negative control group (p = 0.001).Conclusion :Tofu fermented by Rhizopus sp. was able to decrease blood glucose level in diabetic rats (Rattus norvegicus). Keyword : Tofu fermented, Rhizopus sp., blood glucose level, alloxan, glibenclamide

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AIR GANDARUSA (Justicia gendarussa Burm. f.) DAN GAMBARAN GEN HYALURONIDASE LEWAT ANALISIS PCR

INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY ◽

10.24293/ijcpml.v19i2.1059 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 69

Author(s):

Sri Lestari Utami ◽

Didik P. Restanto ◽

Bambang Prajogo EW

Keyword(s):

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Total Rna ◽

Water Fraction ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Verification Process ◽

Per Oral

Gandarusa (J. gendarussa Burm. f.) is an etnomedicine which is used as a male contraceptive alternative, known to inhibit the enzymefunction of spermatozoa hyaluronidase during fertilization. One of the ideal contraceptive conditions is the safetyness (among others nonmutagenic), requiring a long research during the verification process. The early research is the gene expression of hyaluronidase mice(M.musculus L.) testis given water fraction of the gandarusa with PCR analysis. The total RNA was isolated from the normal mice testis(as the negative control or no treatment group) and the mice testis from the treatment groups. The treatment groups consisted of group Iand II treated with water fraction of the gandarusa 15 mg/20 gr BW and 7.5 mg/20 gr BW, subsequently, the positive control group wasalso given hesperidins 1 mg/20 gr BW once a day per oral during the 1.5 times of spermatogenesis cycle (for 55 days). The results of thestudy showed that (1) the cDNA fragment confirmed as the gene of hyaluronidase mice testis (with 710 bp length of nucleotide) passedthrough RT-PCR at the total RNA negative control group, sequenced, isolated and alignment in the NCBI gene bank. (2) the same cDNAfragment gene of hyaluronidase mice testis (from the negative control group) did not transcript in the treatment I and positive controlgroups (where there is no band), but this gene will be transcripted in the treatment II group (where the band is emerged).

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Haematological Indices in Trypanosoma Brucei Brucei (Federe Isolate) Infected Nigerian Donkeys (Equus Asinus) Treated with Homidium and Isometamidium Chloride

Macedonian Veterinary Review ◽

10.1515/macvetrev-2017-0014 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 73-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Queen Nneka Oparah ◽

Anthony Bedu kojo Sackey ◽

Idris Alao Lawal ◽

Usman Shehu Abdullahi

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Post Infection ◽

Haemoglobin Concentration ◽

Chloride Ion ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Equus Asinus

Abstract The efficacy of intramuscular administration of Homidium chloride (Novidium®) and Isometamidium chloride (Sécuridium®) in Nigerian donkeys (Equus asinus) experimentally infected with T. b. brucei (Federe isolate) was investigated. Changes in haematological and serum biochemical indices were evaluated using clinical haematology and biochemistry methods. Red blood cell (RBC) count for the negative control group was significantly higher than for the positive control, Novidium® and Sécuridium®-treatment groups. Haemoglobin (Hb) concentration significantly reduced in the infected untreated group compared with other groups. Packed cell volume (PCV) was significantly different between negative and positive controls, and also between the infected untreated and treatment groups. There was significant reduction in platelet counts post-infection and post-treatment. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) increased significantly in the treatment groups while mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) significantly reduced only in the Sécuridium®-treatment group. Lymphocyte count for infected untreated was non-significantly higher than for the uninfected controls, but treatment with both trypanocides recorded further increases, which were higher compared with that of the uninfected group. Post infection and treatment, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels increased significantly. There were non-significant differences in electrolyte ion concentrations across the groups except for chloride ion which recorded a significant reduction in the Novidium®-treatment group. This experiment revealed that Nigerian donkeys infected with T. brucei brucei (Federe isolate) developed symptoms of trypanosomosis; anaemia, lymphocytosis and thrombocytopenia. Treatment with the trypanocides ameliorated effects of the infection, and results suggest that immunosuppression may not be a substantial clinical manifestation of T. brucei brucei (Federe isolate) trypanosomosis in Nigerian donkeys.

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Utilization of Honey Apis dorsata as Antiosteoporosis on Requirements of Bone Calcium Ash Density on Ovariohysterectomized White Rat (Ratus norvegicus)

KnE Life Sciences ◽

10.18502/kls.v3i6.1191 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 627 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muhammad Huda Ramadhan Ibrahim ◽

Abdullah Hasib Hasib ◽

Siti Nur Rohmah ◽

Salsabilla Abani ◽

Samsi Yordan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lumbar Vertebrae ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Ash Content ◽

Control Group ◽

Apis Dorsata ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

White Rats ◽

Bone Calcium

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of honey bee Apis dorsata as anti-osteoporosis in calcium ash density (CAD) of bone in osteoporotic-induced rats. The target of this study was to know bone calcium levels after being given honey bees Apis dorsata. In this study, 35 female white rats (Ratus norvegicus) mature was used with weight 200gr. Divided into 5 groups, 2 control groups and 3 treatment groups. The negative control group (SH) was not induced by osteoporosis and was given the only aquadest of 1.5 ml/day. Whereas the positive control group was induced by osteoporosis (OH) and was given only aquadest 1.5 ml/day. T1, T2 and T3 treatment groups were given bee honey with various doses including 1g / kg ad 1.5 ml aquadest, 2g / kg BB ad 1.5 ml aquadest and 3g / kg BB ad 1.5 ml aquadest. Then after 12 weeks, white rats were sacrificed for lumbar vertebrae. Furthermore, the sixth lumbar spine os vertebrae will be examined for calcium bone ash content. The data were obtained was analyzed using statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the results of the calcium ash content data Keywords: Honey; Osteoporosis; CAD

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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK KUNYIT TERHADAP GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI AORTA TIKUS WISTAR (rattus novergicus) HIPERLIPIDEMIA

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.3.1.2015.6638 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anggelina Thendry ◽

Lily L. Loho ◽

Poppy M. Lintong

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rat ◽

Foam Cells ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Rat Aorta ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Positive Control Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Turmeric Extract ◽

Group B

Abstract: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process that can be triggered by one of the risk factors of hyperlipidemia. This research was conducted to see the aorta associated with the provision of margarine that induce hyperlipidemia and administration of curcumin turmeric-containing compounds that act as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory. This research is experimental. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of extract of turmericon Wistar rat aorta histopathology induced hyperlipidemia with margarine. This study used 20 Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups, each group consisting of 4 rats. Group A (negative control group) is given only standard pellets, group B (positive control group) was given margarine 5gr/head /dayfor 28 days, group C was given margarine 5gr/head /day for 28 days followed by administration of standard pellets for 7 day, group D given margarine 5gr/head/day for 28 days followed by administration of turmeric extract 50 mg /head/day for 7 days, and group E are given margarine 5gr/head/day along with turmeric extract 50 mg/head/dayfor 28days. The results shows that microscopically visible aortic wall with foam cells in the tunica intima and tunica media in the positive control group and the administration of 50 mg of turmeric extract reduced foam cells. Conclusion: Turmeric extract showed foam cells in the intima and media less than that of margarine.Keywords: hyperlipidemia,turmeric, margarine, aorta histopathologyAbstrak: Aterosklerosis adalah proses radang kronik yang dapat dicetuskan oleh salah satu faktor resiko hiperlipidemia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat pembuluh darah aorta berhubungan dengan pemberian margarin yang menginduksi hyperlipidemia dan pemberian kunyit yang mengandung senyawa kurkumin yang berperan sebagai antioksidan dan anti inflamasi. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak kunyit terhadap gambaran histopatologi aortatikus wistar hiperlipidemia yang diinduksi dengan margarin. Penelitian ini menggunakan 20 ekor tikus wistar yang dibagi ke dalam 5 kelompok yang masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 4 ekor tikus. Kelompok A(kelompok kontrol negatif) hanya diberikan pelet standar, kelompok B(kelompok kontrol positif) diberikan margarin 5gr/ekor/hari selama 28 hari, kelompok C diberikan margarin 5gr/ekor/hari selama 28 hari kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pemberian pelet standar selama 7 hari, kelompok D diberikan margarin 5gr/ekor/hari selama 28 hari kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pemberian ekstrak kunyit 50mg/ekor/hari selama 7 hari, dan kelompok E yang diberikan margarin 5gr/ekor/hari bersamaan dengan pemberian ekstrak kunyit 50mg/ekor/hari selama 28 hari. Secara mikroskopik tampak dinding aorta dengan sel-sel busa pada tunika intima dan tunika media pada kelompok kontrol positif dan pada pemberian ekstrak kunyit 50 mg sel busa berkurang. Simpulan: Pemberian ekstrak kunyit menunjukan sel-sel busa pada tunika intima dan media lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan pemberian margarin.Kata kunci: hiperlipidemia, kunyit, margarin, istopatologi aorta

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