scholarly journals Labor in early life, vulnerability for health in Brazilian schoolchildren: National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2012)

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Giatti ◽  
Maryane Oliveira Campos ◽  
Claudio Dutra Crespo ◽  
Silvania Suely Caribé de Araújo Andrade ◽  
Sandhi Maria Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
School Based ◽  
Sleeping Problems ◽  
Motorized Vehicles ◽  
Superior Education

OBJECTIVE: This study describes exposure labor among Brazilian 9th grade students from public and private schools and investigates socio-demographic characteristics, behaviors, violent situations and psychosocial factors associated with labor among adolescents. METHODS: The present study included 108,984 students from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey carried out in 2012. Variables were grouped into sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral factors, violent situations and psychosocial aspects. Associations between labor and several health risk variables were identified by multiple logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for sex and age. RESULTS: Approximately 13% of the students reported having a job: 17.4% of them were male. The chance of working was lower between females and individuals whose fathers' have incomplete superior education. Students who worked had greater chances to smoke (OR = 2.26; 95%CI 2.04 - 2.51), drink alcohol, use illicit drugs (OR = 2.63; 95%CI 2.29 - 3.02), drive motorized vehicles (OR = 2.15; 95%CI 2.03 2.27), have sexual intercourse (OR = 2.10; 95%CI 1.99 - 2.24), suffer physical violence (OR = 1.57; 95%CI 1.46 1.68), engage in fights (OR = 1.65; 95%CI 1.55 - 1.76), feel lonely (OR = 1.26; 95%CI 1.17 - 1.36) and report sleeping problems (OR = 1.46; 95%CI 1.34 - 1.60). They also have lower chances of having close friends (OR = 0.78; 95%CI 0.68 - 0.90). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of labor among students is high. Socioeconomical disadvantages increase the chances of early working. Early working is also associated to health damaging behavior, violent situations, sleeping problems, and social isolation. Adolescents who study and work experiment expositions that may affect distinct health dimensions and perpetuate disadvantages over lifetime.

scholarly journals FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ASTHMA IN BRAZILIAN ADOLESCENTS: NATIONAL ADOLESCENT SCHOOL-BASED HEALTH SURVEY (PENSE-2012)

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-413
Author(s):  
Bianca Caroline Elias ◽  
Janiquelli Barbosa Silva ◽  
Laís Amaral Mais ◽  
Sarah Warkentin ◽  
Tulio Konstantyner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
School Based

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify factors associated with asthma in Brazilian adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study based on data from the 2012 National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE), a Brazilian survey applied by a self-reported questionnaire in a representative sample of 9th-grade students. Descriptive and inferential analysis was made based on the demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, food consumption and environmental characteristics potentially associated with asthma. Adolescents who presented wheezing in the last 12 months were considered asthmatic. A multiple logistic regression model was adjusted for confounding factors. Significance was defined as p≤0.05. Results: A total of 106,983 adolescents were studied. The prevalence of asthma was 23.2%. The final model was composed of 11 variables that were independently associated with asthma: female sex (OR=1.17), <14 years old (OR=1.12), not living with parents (OR=1.06), the highest number of days consuming ultra-processed foods (OR=1.16), lunch or dinner time without presence of parents or guardians (OR=1.13), meals in front of the TV or while studying (OR=1.18), not having breakfast frequently (OR=1.22), having smoked cigarettes (OR=1.36), having tried alcoholic beverage (OR=1.37), having used illicit drugs (OR=1.29) and having sought health care in the last year (OR=1.67). Conclusions: The results of the present study reinforce the multifactorial characteristic of asthma diagnosis. Prevention and control strategies should focus on groups of adolescents living in inadequate conditions when it comes to family dynamics, food consumption and behavior (drug use).

scholarly journals Prevalence of asthma symptoms among adolescents in Brazil: National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2012)

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 106-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Lima Barreto ◽  
Rita de Cássia Ribeiro-Silva ◽  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Maryane Oliveira-Campos ◽  
Marco Antonio Andreazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
International Study ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
School Based ◽  
High Prevalence

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe the prevalence rates of asthma symptoms in Brazil, its Regions and State capitals, according to data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey, 2012. Furthermore, it aims to compare the prevalence of asthma in the capitals evaluated by PeNSE 2012 with previous results of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). METHODS: Cross sectional study of 9th grade students at public and private schools of all Brazilian states and the Federal District (Brasília). A self reported questionnaire containing items from the ISAAC was applied in order to identify the presence of asthma symptoms. RESULTS: The results of PeNSE indicate a high prevalence of asthma symptoms (23.2%) and of reports of a previous medical diagnosis of asthma (12.4%). Of the five state capitals in which the PeNSE results were compared to the ISAAC, São Paulo, Curitiba and Porto Alegre presented an increase in the prevalence of asthma symptoms. In Salvador, there was a reduction. CONCLUSION: Brazil is among the countries with the highest prevalence of asthma in the world, and the prevalence is still growing.

scholarly journals Lifetime use of illicit drugs and associated factors among Brazilian schoolchildren, National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2012)

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Lessa Horta ◽  
Bernardo Lessa Horta ◽  
Andre Wallace Nery da Costa ◽  
Rogério Ruscitto do Prado ◽  
Maryane Oliveira-Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
School Based

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at describing the prevalence of illicit drug use among 9th grade students in the morning period of public and private schools in Brazil, and assessing associated factors. METHOD: The Brazilian survey PeNSE (National Adolescent School-based Health Survey) 2012 evaluated a representative sample of 9th grade students in the morning period, in Brazil and its five regions. The use of illicit drugs at least once in life was assessed for the most commonly used drugs, such as marijuana, cocaine, crack, solvent-based glue, general ether-based inhalants, ecstasy and oxy. Data were subjected to descriptive analysis, and Pearson's χ2 test and logistic regression was used in the multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The use of illicit drugs at least once in life was reported by 7.3% (95%CI 5.3 - 9.4) of the respondents. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis and the evidences suggest that illicit drug use is associated to social conditions of greater consumption power, the use of alcohol and tobacco, behaviors related to socialization, such as having friends or sexual activity, and also the perception of loneliness, loose contact between school and parents and experiences of abuse in the family environment. The outcome was inversely associated with close contact with parents and parental supervision. CONCLUSION: In addition to the association with the processes of socialization and consumption, the influence of family and school is expressed in a particularly protective manner in different records of direct supervision and care.

scholarly journals Factors associated with injuries in adolescents, from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2012)

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 183-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Rogério Ruscitto do Prado ◽  
Silvania Suely Andrade Caribe ◽  
Marta Maria Alves da Silva ◽  
Marco Antonio Ratzsch de Andreazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
School Based

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of injuries among teenagers and to examine the associated risk factors, such as sociodemographic characteristics, risk behaviors, family ties and other factors. METHOD: The prevalence of the outcome (injury) was estimated with a 95%confidence interval. In order to verify factors associated with the injury, a bivariate analysis was made with estimated odds ratio (OR) and its respective confidence intervals. Then, a multivariate analysis was carried out, only with variables whose descriptive level was equal to or lower than 5% (p < 0.05) remaining in the model. RESULTS: The study of injury in adolescents, based on the data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE), pointed out that 10.3% of the teenagers suffered severe injuries in the past 12 months, such as cuts or perforations, broken bones or dislocated joints. The following variables remained independently associated with "suffering severe injuries": being a male teenager; black, mulatto or indigenous race/color and working. Factors related to family ties are significant when the relations are fragile amongst members: adolescents that are injured the most are the ones who suffer most aggressions at home, who skip classes without notifying their parents, those who do not live with their parents and have low family control. The most relevant aspects of mental health are insomnia and loneliness. The factors associated to the exposure to situations of violence that remained in the model were: insecurity in school and in the route home-school; getting a ride with someone inebriated; drinking and driving motorized vehicles; not wearing the seatbelt; not wearing a helmet and being bullied. Among the factors of individual behavior, the following can be emphasized: use of alcohol, cigarettes, trying illicit drugs and early sexual intercourse. CONCLUSION: The analysis of the determinants for suffering injuries in childhood and adolescence shows the complex relationship between associated factors, which points to the need for action towards several aspects to reduce social inequalities, strengthen family ties and prevent violent contexts and individual risk factors.

scholarly journals Psychoactive substance use, family context and mental health among Brazilian adolescents, National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2012)

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 46-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Maryane Oliveira-Campos ◽  
Rogério Ruscitto do Prado ◽  
Silvania Suely Caribé Andrade ◽  
Flávia Carvalho Malta de Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Family Background ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Family Context ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
School Based ◽  
The Government

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between the consumption of psychoactive substances (tobacco, alcohol and illicit drugs) and demographic variables, mental health and family context among school-aged children. METHODS: The National Adolescent School-based Health Survey was held with a national sample of 109,104 students. Data regarding demographic variables, family background and mental health were collected. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations of interest. RESULTS: Multivariate analyses showed that alcohol consumption was higher among girls, drug experimentation was more frequent among boys and that there was no difference between sexes for smoking. Being younger and mulatto were negatively associated with the use of tobacco, alcohol and illicit drugs. Also negatively associated with such risk behaviors were characteristics of the family context represented by: living with parents, having meals together and parental supervision (when parents know what the child does in their free time). Moreover, characteristics of mental health such as loneliness and insomnia were positively associated with use of tobacco, alcohol and illicit drugs. Not having friends was positively associated with use of tobacco and illicit drugs and negatively associated with alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS: The study shows the protective effect of family supervision in the use of tobacco, alcohol and drugs and, on the contrary, the increasing use of substances according to aspects of mental health, such as loneliness, insomnia and the fact of not having friends. The study's findings may support actions from health and education professionals, as well as from the government and families in order to prevent the use of these substances by adolescents.

scholarly journals Alcohol consumption among Brazilian Adolescents according to the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2012)

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Isis Eloah Machado ◽  
Denise Lopes Porto ◽  
Marta Maria Alves da Silva ◽  
Paula Carvalho de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
School Based ◽  
Brazilian Students

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of alcohol consumption among Brazilian students and identify the sociodemographic factors associated alcohol consumption in the last 30 days. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a cluster sample of 109,104 9th grade students in Brazilian public and private schools in 2012. The prevalence and 95% confidence intervals of the indicators of alcohol consumption were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the students analyzed, 50.3% (95%CI 49.0 - 51.6) experimented one dose of alcoholic beverages or more. The consumption of alcohol in the last 30 days was 26.1% (95%CI 24.5 - 27.7), and there was no difference in prevalence between students from public and private schools. Drunkenness episodes were reported by 21.8% (95%CI 21.1 - 22.5) of the students. The perception of students about the negative reaction of their family if they came home drunk occurred in 89,7% (95%CI 89,6 - 89,9) of cases, and 10% (95%CI 8.9 - 11.1) of them reported having problems with their families or friends because they had been drinking. Among adolescents aged less than 14 years old, the first alcoholic drink intake was predominantly at 12 to 13 years old. The most common way to get a drink was at parties, with friends, buying in them in supermarkets, stores or bars and at home. The consumption of alcohol in the last 30 days was less frequent among boys, increasing with age. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates the extension of alcohol as a problem, making it important to advance in measures such as the improvement of protective legislation for children and adolescents and stricter enforcement in alcohol sales.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injury Among School-Going Adolescents in Ghana: Evidence From the Global School-Based Students Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Kwaku Essien ◽  
Batholomew Chireh ◽  
Kidest Getu Melese
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
High School ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Unintentional Injuries ◽  
School Based ◽  
Sleeping Problems

Abstract Background: Unintentional injuries are a serious global public health problem and the second leading cause of death among adolescents age between 10-19 years. It is also the least researched in most low-income countries and Ghana in particular. This study aims to provide estimates of the prevalence, causes, and associated risk factors of unintentional injuries among school-going adolescents in Ghana.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using data from the Ghana Global School-based Student Health Survey conducted in 2012 (N=3632). A two-stage cluster probability sampling technique was employed to select a representative sample of Junior and Senior High School students in ten administrative regions of the country. Cross tabulations and chi-square tests were used to provide estimates of prevalence, frequency, and causes of injuries. In the multivariable stage, a multiple logistic regression based on SAS 9.4 survey logistic modeling procedure was conducted to examine the association between unintentional injuries with explanatory variables. The final adjusted model was assessed using a significant level of (p<0.05).Results: In this study, 40.96% (1488) of school-aged adolescents reported having experienced an unintentional injury. Of these injuries, 64.5% occurred at home, while the least occurred via traffic (15.0%). The frequency of injury did not differ between boys and girls (P=0.368), but significantly higher in adolescents aged ≤17 than in those ≥ 18 years (P<0.001). Also, injuries were significantly higher in junior high school than in senior high school adolescents. Age, physical activity, sleeping problems, and loneliness were found to be the significant risk factors associated with unintentional injury among adolescents.Conclusion: Prevalence of unintentional injuries were widespread among adolescents in Ghana. Prompt prevention of these injuries among adolescents should be a public health priority. Preventive strategies in schools and homes should be enhanced. Injury preventive measures should emphasize on adolescents. Treatment options should be made available to adolescents struggling with a sleeping problem, loneliness, and those with accidents in physical activity.

scholarly journals Adolescent drivers in Brazil: prevalence and associated factors estimated from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2012)

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Carmen Duarte ◽  
Leila Posenato Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
School Based ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Capital ◽  
Adolescent Drivers ◽  
Motorized Vehicles

INTRODUCTION: There is evidence that adolescent drivers can represent risks to themselves, to passengers and to society in general. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of history of driving among adolescent students (under the age of 18) and associated factors, in Brazil, in 2012. METHODS: This study analyzed data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE), held in 2012. The prevalence of history (at least once in the past 30 days) of driving motorized vehicles (cars, motorcycles or boats) by students aged less than 18 years old, as well as crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) related to frequent driving (four or more times in the past 30 days) as the outcome, were estimated. RESULTS: Among the 106,621 interviewed students, 27.0% (95%CI 22.9 - 31.5) reported having driven a motorized vehicle, and 12.9% (95%CI 10.0 - 16.5) reported being a frequent driver (four or more times). Factors associated with frequent driving were: older age, male, mothers with higher schooling, living in a household with fewer members, living in the North and Northeast regions, living with someone who has a motorcycle or a car, when their school is not located in a state-capital, drinking alcohol and not wearing a seatbelt. CONCLUSION: The higher prevalence of history of driving among adolescent students in Brazil and the identified associated factors might help authorities to prioritize policies and to reinforce the adherence to traffic legislation among specific groups.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns of Brazilian adolescents: results of the Brazilian National School-Based Health Survey (PeNSE)

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2679-2690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Ferreira Tavares ◽  
Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Renata Bertazzi Levy ◽  
Letícia de Oliveira Cardoso ◽  
Rafael Moreira Claro
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Ninth Graders ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
School Based ◽  
National School ◽  
Mixed Pattern

The objectives of this study were to identify dietary patterns in Brazilian adolescents, describe their distributions in Brazil's State capitals and Federal District, and analyze the correlations with the Municipal Human Development Index (HDI-M). The study analyzed a sample of 60,954 ninth-graders from public and private schools who participated in the National School-Based Health Survey (PeNSE) in 2009. Cluster analysis was used to characterize dietary patterns. Three patterns were identified: healthy (27.7%), unhealthy (34.6%), and mixed (37.7%). Adolescents in the country's Southeast, South, and Central West regions showed a higher proportion of the healthy eating pattern. HDI-M showed a positive correlation with the healthy pattern and a negative correlation with the mixed pattern. The identification of different dietary patterns within and between regions and according to HDI-M highlights the need for better knowledge of each local context in terms of both the magnitude of events and the examination of determinants within these different realities.

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