scholarly journals Smoking, alcohol consumption and oral cancer among healthcare academics

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-228
Author(s):  
Daniely Silveira SANTOS ◽  
Roberta Alves Rosa dos REIS ◽  
Letícia Antunes ATHAYDE ◽  
Daniel Antunes FREITAS ◽  
Árlen Almeida Duarte de SOUSA
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Cell Alterations ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate if dental students with the habit of smoking exhibit alterations in the epithelial cells of the cheek mucosa on the nuclear area (NA), cytoplasmic area (CA) or in the nucleus/cytoplasm ratio (NA/CA), when compared to non-smokers. Methods This is a descriptive, experimental study using a control group. The sample comprised 40 dental undergraduates (20 smokers and 20 non-smokers). Individuals who smoked at least 5 or 6 cigarettes a day were deemed to be smokers, while non-smokers were those who reported having no experience of any form of smoking. The samples of epithelial cells were obtained from the oral mucosa using the liquid-based exfoliative cytology technique. The slides were processed in the laboratory, stained using the Papanicolau technique and were analyzed via an image analysis system (analySIS getIT). A structured questionnaire was applied with the aim of measuring independent variables related to personal characteristics, health and lifestyle behavior. Results The values obtained in the group of smokers were as follows: NA (169.4 µm² ± 17.0), CA (1240.1 µm² ± 128.9) and NA/CA ratio (0.1375 ± 0.01743). The results did not evidence significant differences when compared to the control group: NA (170.7 µm² ± 20.0), CA (1255.3 µm² ± 174.5) and NA/CA (0.1380 ± 0.01436). Conclusion It was not possible to observe significant cell alterations in the NA, CA or the NA/CA ratio of epithelial cells of the oral mucosa. Other risk factors associated with tobacco should be studied, principally the length of exposure to the properties of the causative agent.

scholarly journals Histologic study of use of microfibrillar collagen hemostat in rat dental sockets

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Magro-Érnica ◽  
Osvaldo Magro-Filho ◽  
Idelmo Rangel-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Histologic Study ◽  
Socket Healing ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
The Right ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

The aim of this paper was to evaluate if the placement of microfibrillar collagen hemostat (MCH) into a dental socket interfered with healing. General anesthesia was administered to 30 adult male Albinus Wistar rats and the maxillary right central incisor was extracted. In the control group after each tooth was extracted, the socket was sutured. In the MCH group after each tooth was extracted, MCH was placed into the socket before suturing. Postoperatively, 5 animals were sacrificed from each group at 7, 21 and 28 days. The right maxilla was removed from each animal and histologic slides were stained with Masson's trichromic and hematoxylin and eosin. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were done. The percentage of bone area in the dental socket was quantified using the Image Lab 98 image analysis system. The bone area formation for the control and MCH groups was: 8.1% and 3.3% at 7 days, 34.4% and 33% at 21 days and 41% and 41.3% at 28 days, respectively. We concluded that MCH interferes with the beginning of dental socket healing but does not interfere with the final healing of the dental socket.

Study on the Regulation of Compound siRNA Nanoparticles on the Rat Model of Kidney Injury Induced by Sepsis by Inhibiting the Expression of NF-κB and P65

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1345-1350
Author(s):  
Ye Chen ◽  
Xiaoxia Liu ◽  
Meiling Chen ◽  
Run Yan ◽  
Wenyu Song
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Medical Image Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Analysis System

This article explores the pathogenesis of sepsis AKI, and seeks to protect the acute damage of sepsis tissues and organs. This study is to prepare a rat sepsis-induced AKI model by CLP, and to observe the pathological changes of kidney tissue and the function of kidney changes, and observe the effect of siRNA nanoparticles on its intervention, preliminary explore the protective effect and possible mechanism of siRNA nanoparticles on AKI in sepsis rats, and provide more information for the clinical treatment of siRNA nanoparticles in sepsis theoretical and experimental basis. We analysis the benefit and deficiency of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis and its regulatory effect on NF-κB activation. In the rat model group, no treatment was given after injection of nephrotoxic serum, and the rats were sacrificed on the 14th day; the compound siRNA nanoparticle intervention group (treatment group) was given dexamethasone 0.125 daily on the 1st to 14th day after nephrotoxic serum injection. Immunohistochemistry and medical image analysis system were used to observe NF-κB activation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in glomeruli and tubules, and analyze their relationship with proteinuria and glomerular cells. The results showed that the expression of NF-κB in the glomeruli and tubules of the model group was significantly up-regulated regarding to the control group, and MCP-1’s expression in the glomeruli and tubules of the model group was higher than that of the control group. The activation of NF-κB and the expression of MCP-1 in glomeruli are closely related to monocyte infiltration and proteinuria; NF-κB activation and MCP-1 expression in glomeruli and tubules of the compound siRNA nanoparticles intervention group were significantly down-regulated. It was concluded that the activation of NF-κB has great impact on the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis, and inhibition of NF-κB activation may be one of the mechanisms of anti-nephritis effect.

scholarly journals Islet Cryopreservation: Improved Recovery following Taurine Pretreatment

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anandwardhan A. Hardikar ◽  
Makarand V. Risbud ◽  
Claude Remacle ◽  
Brigitte Reusens ◽  
Joseph J. Hoet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Islet Cells ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Islet Mass ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Ethanesulfonic Acid ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Digital Image Analysis System

Simple and efficient freezing methods with maximal postthawing recovery form the basis of ideal cryopreservation. Taurine (2-amino ethanesulfonic acid), an end-product of sulphur amino acid metabolism, is one of the most abundant free amino acids in the body. The membrane stabilizing, free radical scavenging, and osmoregulatory roles of taurine have been well documented. We studied the effect of physiological and supra-physiological concentrations (0.3 and 3.0 mM) of taurine on islet cryopreservation. Islet viability on cryopreservation was significantly improved in both the taurine-treated groups (91.9 ± 2.3% in 0.3 mM and 94.6 ± 1.58% in 3.0 mM group, p < 0.05) compared with the controls (85.7 ± 3.4%). Loss of peripheral islet cells was highly reduced in the taurine group, as examined under phase contrast and quantified by islet morphometric analysis (p < 0.05) using a digital image analysis system. Taurine-treated islets showed significant reduction in lipid peroxidation (0.905 and 0.848 nM MDA/μg protein for 0.3 and 3.0 mM taurine, respectively, p < 0.05) compared with control (1.307 nM MDA/μg protein) islets. In all, 500 islet equivalents (IE) of treated or control group islets were transplanted to BALB/c mice rendered diabetic with STZ. All animals showed a normal glucose clearance following a glucose load. Graft functionality was confirmed by normoglycemia (fasting plasma glucose: fpg < 150 mg/dl) after transplantation and reappearing hyperglycemia (fpg > 200 mg/dl) following removal of the graft. Suboptimal islet transplantation using 250 IE suggests that the grafted islet mass was inadequate for diabetes reversal. In addition, no significant differences were observed in the islet insulin content between the three groups following cryopreservation of the islets at −196°C. Our studies indicate that taurine pretreatment and its continued presence during islet cryopreservation improves the postthawing viable recovery of islets.

Tooth size in patients with supernumerary teeth and a control group measured by image analysis system

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Khalaf ◽  
D.L. Robinson ◽  
C. Elcock ◽  
R.N. Smith ◽  
A.H. Brook
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Supernumerary Teeth ◽  
Analysis System

scholarly journals A cytomorphometric analysis of the oral mucosa in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 824-833
Author(s):  
RS Lamichhane ◽  
K Boaz ◽  
S Natrajan ◽  
M Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Nuclear Area ◽  
Cytoplasmic Area ◽  
Cellular Area ◽  
Nuclear Alterations

Background:  Although many of the pathological conditions of oral mucosa are clinically distinguishable, most lesions require a definitive diagnosis. This article tried the use of exfoliative cytology as an alternative tool in the screening, diagnosis and follow-up of diabetes mellitus.Materials and Methods: After rinsing the mouth with normal saline, slides were prepared from buccal mucosa and dorsum of tongue and fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol. The slides were stained with Papanicolaou stain and Acridine orange. Fifty clearly defined cells in each slide were visualized under light microscope for cytomorphometric analysis of cells using Image J software and under fluorescence microscope for assessment of nuclear alterations like micronuclei, nuclear budding, binucleation, multinucleation and karyorrhexis.Results: Statistically significant increase in Nuclear area BM (p = 0.000057), Nuclear Area Tongue (p= 0.0000113), total Nuclear Area (p= 000079), Cellular Area BM (p= 0.0475), Cellular Area Tongue (p= 0.0105), Total Cellular Area (p= 0.00496), Cytoplasmic Area Tongue (p= 0.00358), Total Cytoplasmic Area (p= 0.00268) were obtained from epithelial cells in the diabetic group when compared with the control group. Also the epithelial cells from the diabetic group showed features such as nuclear budding, micronuclei, binucleation, karyorrhexis and perinuclear halo. Conclusion:  The objective demonstration of cytomorphometric and nuclear alterations by the oral exfoliated cells indicate the presence of cytological changes in the oral mucosa of diabetic patients despite the apparently normal clinical appearance. Hence, cytomorphometric analysis would aid the health professional as an additional non-invasive tool for the screening and monitoring of Diabetes Mellitus.

Study of Flocs Morphology of Chitosan Coagulation Aid Treatment and Fractal Dimensions

2011 ◽  
Vol 282-283 ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Bing Tao Liu ◽  
Hai Yang Cong ◽  
Yong Cao
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Fractal Dimensions ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Analysis System

Flocculation water treatment is one of the important aspects of water treatment .The aim of this work is to use PFS for treating Yellow River surface water and different molecular weights of chitosan as coagulant aid. Electron microscope was used to observe flocs morphology and study CTS coagulation aid morphological change, floc image with microscope camera system analysis, calculation of floc fractal dimension. The results show that the different molecular weights of CTS in dealing with surface raw water to play a good coagulation aid effect. Microscope and image analysis system of flocs morphology show that fractal dimension of morphology of PFS / CTS were significantly higher ,Among them，high molecular weight of CTS as coagulant aid，and fractal dimension of morphology of PFS/ CTS were 1.1026,1.5593 , low molecular weight of CTS as coagulant aid，and fractal dimension of morphology of PFS/ CTS were 1.0904,1.5440 respectively. Floc fractal dimension changes to better reflect the flocculation level and treatment effect for the establishment of floc fractal dimension number of changes in the coagulation control is provided for reference.

scholarly journals Spironolactone Inhibits Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Regulating the Ca2+/Calcineurin/p-NFATc3 Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Wenting Zhang ◽  
Jingtao Na ◽  
Yanping Huo ◽  
Yacheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cell Image Analysis ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Formula Expression

This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and molecular mechanism of spironolactone in isoproterenol-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In this study, primary cardiomyocytes were extracted from the heart of neonatal rats. After stable culture, they were processed with isoproterenol alone or isoproterenol (10 μM) combined with different doses (low dose of 10 μM and high dose of 50 μM), and the cellular activity was determined by MTT experiment. The volume of cells was measured with an inverted microscope and CIAS-1000 cell image analysis system. The mRNA expression levels of ANP and BNP in cells were explored by RT-qPCR. The levels of ANP and BNP proteins and NFATc3 phosphorylation in the nucleus were detected by western blot. The extracellular Ca2+ concentration and CaN activity were measured by colorimetry with the kit. Isoproterenol significantly enlarged the volume of cardiomyocytes ( p < 0.001 ), upregulated mRNA and expression levels of ANP and BNP proteins ( p < 0.001 ), increased extracellular Ca2+ concentration and CaN activity ( p < 0.001 ), and upregulated NFATc3 phosphorylation in the nucleus ( p < 0.001 ). The volume of cells treated with isoproterenol combined with different doses of spironolactone significantly decreased compared with those treated with isoproterenol alone ( p < 0.001 ). mRNA and expression levels of ANP and BNP proteins downregulated significantly ( p < 0.001 ). The extracellular Ca2+ ( p < 0.01 ) concentration and CaN activity ( p < 0.001 ) decreased significantly, and NFATc3 phosphorylation in the nucleus downregulated significantly ( p < 0.001 ). There was no significant difference in cell volume ( p = 0.999 ), ANP and BNP mRNA ( p = 0.695 ), expression levels of proteins, CaN activity (0.154), and NFATc3 phosphorylation in the nucleus between the cells treated with isoproterenol combined with high-dose spironolactone and those in the control group. In conclusion, spironolactone can reverse isoproterenol-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by inhibiting the Ca2+/CaN/NFATc3 pathway.

Improvement of wool production and quality by the use of sheep rugs on Gansu Alpine Fine wool sheep in north-west China

1994 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-377
Author(s):  
G. P. Davis ◽  
Z.-F. You ◽  
D. W. Crowe ◽  
K. J. Whiteley ◽  
H.-Z. Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Dust Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Main Trial ◽  
North West ◽  
Wax Content ◽  
Fleece Weight ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Almost All

SUMMARYFine wool in China is characterized by severe dust contamination and substantial tip weathering. In an attempt to improve wool quality, synthetic rugs were fitted to ewes and a range of raw wool characteristics was monitored. Two trials were carried out in successive years: a pilot trial (June 1985 to June 1986) involving 100 ewes wearing rugs and 75 controls, and a main trial (June 1986 to June 1987) involving 250 ewes with rugs and 250 controls. The rugs were fitted to ewes after shearing and remained on until shearing the following year. Wool from ewes with rugs was significantly better in almost all the characteristics measured (P <0·05) than wool from sheep without rugs. Clean fleece weight was improved by 15% over the two trials, yield and wax content were increased, and dust content and dust penetration were substantially reduced. Staple length and strength were increased, and dust content and dust penetration were substantially reduced in the main trial. Several style characteristics were measured using a prototype image analysis system and these also showed wool from sheep wearing rugs as being of better quality than wool from sheep in the control group. The only negative result was an increase in yellowness, in the greasy state only, due to the higher wax content in the sheep wearing rugs and the yellow nature of the wax of Gansu Alpine Finewool sheep – probably due to their genetic background. Wool from sheep wearing rugs would be expected to perform better in processing than wool from unrugged sheep.

scholarly journals The relationship of the level of β-defensin-1 in the saliva of patients with oral candidiasis after CoVID-19 infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
A. Pozharitskaya ◽  
I. Karpuk
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbiological Method ◽  
Objective Indicator ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Aim: to determine the level and clinical significance of β-defensin-1 in the saliva in patients with Candida stomatitis after a previous coronavirus infection. The object of the study was 67 patients with Candida stomatitis (of which 31 patients had a PCR-confirmed diagnosis of coronavirus infection) and 23 patients of the control group without candidal stomatitis. Research methods: taking smears from the oral mucosa to confirm the diagnosis with a microbiological method, ELISA to assess the level of β-defensin 1 in the saliva. Аccording to the results of the study, in the group of patients with oral candidiasis (ОС) after COVID-19 (n=31), the most frequent was the chronic hyperplastic form of candidiasis (64,5%), in terms of localization – Candida glossitis (77,4%, p<0,05). It was found that the primary ОС in the group of patients after COVID-19 (n=31) was 74,2% of cases (p<0,05), and in the group of patients with ОС without a history of COVID-19 (n=36) this indicator amounted to 41,7%. Moreover, in patients in the group with ОС after COVID-19, the level of β-defensin-1 strongly positively correlated with the incidence of primary episodes of ОС (RSpearman=0,76, p<0,001). It was also found that the lowest β-defensin-1 level in saliva was in patients with ОС after COVID-19 (2,1±0,8 ng/ml, p<0,001). It was significantly lower (p<0,001) than in the group of patients with ОС and the control group. It was found that in patients with ОС after COVID-19, the level of β-defensin-1 in the saliva was negatively correlated with the duration of the COVID-19 (RSpearman=- 0,78, p<0,001), which can be interpreted as an objective indicator of the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on epithelial cells of the oral mucosa.

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