scholarly journals Seed physiological quality and harvest point of dovyalis fruits

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabíola Villa ◽  
Daniel Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Maria Cristina Copello Rotili ◽  
Neusa Francisca Michelon Herzog ◽  
Marlene de Matos Malavasi

ABSTRACT The main propagation mode of dovyalis is by seeds, what makes important to determine the ideal moment of fruit harvest. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological seed quality and harvest time of dovyalis fruits. To determine the fruit physical attributes, they were visually classified into five classes, according to the maturity stages, based on the external color of the exocarp: stage 1: green fruit; stage 2: yellowish-green; stage 3: yellowish-brown; stage 4: brown; stage 5: intense brown. The seed extraction to evaluate the physiological quality was based on the seed water content, germination percentage, germination speed index and determination of the dry biomass of the shoot, root and seedlings originated from these seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized, containing 25 seeds per treatment and 4 replicates. The fruit color during ripening varies from green to intense brown. The fruits reach their largest size and fresh biomass accumulation in the stage 4, with the brown exocarp color represented in the Munsell chart by 2.5YR 3/4. The removal of seeds for propagation should occur from the stage 2 (2.5GY 5/8), when the fruits have a yellowish-green color, although no statistical variation is observed in the number of seeds during maturation.

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e49895
Author(s):  
Ana Paula de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Isabella Sousa Ribeiro ◽  
Tathiana Elisa Masetto ◽  
Luiz Carlos Ferreira Souza

Determination of seed-maturation indicators enables the identification of the ideal moment for harvest to achieve the best production and conservation potential. Our objective here was to evaluate some physical and physiological changes of crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) seeds as possible indicators of seed maturation. Crambe flowering was monitored in Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Plants were tagged, and 13, 22, 26, and 28 days after the initiation of flowering, the seeds were collected and following physical attributes evaluated: length, diameter, total mass, dry matter and water content. Physiological quality of the seeds was assessed using the germination test, by registering the percentage of normal seedlings and dormant seeds, immediately after each harvest, and again after six months of storage. The water-absorption curves were characterized as a function the seed-development stages. All physical attributes were observed to increase because of the accumulation of reserve substances during seed development, except for water content, which gradually decreased from 72.2% at the start of development to 29.5% at maturity. At 28 days after anthesis the germination percentage of crambe seeds at physiological maturity was only 17%, indicating that they became dormant while maturing. However, seed germination rate was 89% after six months of storage, indicating that dormancy was almost fully overcome after this period.


2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natassia Zamariola ◽  
João Almir Oliveira ◽  
Luiz Antônio Augusto Gomes ◽  
Michelle Fonseca Jácome ◽  
Leandro Vilela Reis

The use of methods and technologies such as drying and film coating can bring significant contributions to the farmer. This experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of drying and film coating on the physiological quality of eggplant seeds during storage. Hybrid seeds UGA MS1 produced by the company Hortiagro - Ijaci, MG were used. Seeds were subjected to two types of drying: slow (room temperature) and quick (oven with forced air circulation at 35 ºC). The chemical treatment was performed with the Captan product at a dose of 250 grams per 100 kilograms of seed and for the recoating were used three doses of polymer: (0, 3 and 6 mL.kg-1 of seeds). The physiological quality of seeds was evaluated every three months until reaching the period of nine months using germination test, seedling emergence test and seedling establishment. There is a reduction of physiological seed quality during the storage. The slow drying of eggplant seeds results in better quality seeds. The use of polymer reduces the germination percentage, germination speed index and the percentage of seedling emergence.


2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e45
Author(s):  
Marília Pereira Machado ◽  
Andreza Cerioni Belniaki ◽  
André Felipe Bernert ◽  
Erik Nunes Gomes ◽  
João Carlos Bespalhok Filho ◽  
...  

Brazil is the world's third largest beer consumer and currently imports all of its hops for the brewing industry. Such a fact justifies the selection of hop genotypes adapted for cultivation locally, which requires high quality seeds and efficient sex determination of the seedlings. The objectives of this study were to develop a methodology to assess hop seed quality and to efficiently determine hop seedling sex through the use of male-specific molecular markers. Freshly harvested hop seeds were germinated with and without pre-chilling (3-5 ° C) for 3, 6 and 12 weeks and then germinated at 20 or 25 ° C in the presence or absence of light, evaluating germination percentage and germination speed index. F1 progenies were obtained from after seed germination in a greenhouse and seedlings sex was determined using male-specific molecular markers. The best conditions for physiological quality assessment of hop seeds used in the present study were pre-chilling for 12 weeks, followed by germination at 25 ° C, and normal seedling counts at 7 and 15 days. The progeny submitted to molecular marker sexing was composed of 61.3% female plants. The established methodologies presented here can be considered efficient and may contribute to expedite hops breeding programs.


2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Medeiros Gindri ◽  
Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho ◽  
Clovis Arruda Souza ◽  
Isaac Heberle ◽  
Heitor Amadeu Prezzi

ABSTRACT Agrobiodiversity is essential for a sustainable food production, and the knowledge of the potential characteristics of landrace seeds may prompt farmers to adopt the habit of seed conservation for this species. This study aimed at categorizing landrace and commercial common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions, according to the physiological quality (viability and vigor) of seeds produced in the field, during two growing seasons, under organic and conventional farming systems. Germination percentage, field emergence, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging, cold test and seedling length were assessed. The landrace bean accessions exhibit diversity in the physiological seed quality, in terms of their viability and vigor. No differences were observed between the farming systems, in relation to the physiological quality of the seeds produced. The categorization of landrace common bean accessions allows to identify those with superior physiological seed quality.


ForScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e00663
Author(s):  
Carlos Manoel Oliveira

Os setores de produção e de conservação de sementes dependem diretamente de trabalhos que determinem as melhores condições de armazenamento e que, consequentemente, garantam o maior período possível de manutenção da qualidade fisiológica da semente. Em regiões tropicais, há uma maior limitação no que tange à manutenção da qualidade fisiológica durante o período de armazenamento, principalmente em ambiente não controlado, cuja variação das condições ambientais pode influenciar sobremaneira a qualidade final de um lote de sementes. Objetivou-se, com o presente trabalho, avaliar a qualidade de sementes de duas cultivares de jiló (Solanum gilo Raddi), armazenadas em condições ambientais não controladas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com 5 repetições, em esquema fatorial 2x5, sendo duas cultivares de jiló (Morro Grande e Português) e 5 períodos de armazenamento (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias de armazenamento). Avaliou-se a porcentagem de germinação, a porcentagem de emergência, o Índice de Velocidade de Emergência, o Coeficiente de Variação no Tempo, o Tempo Médio da Emergência, os Índices de Incerteza e de Sincronia da Emergência e a Frequência Relativa da Emergência de plântulas. A cultivar Português se apresentou com os melhores índices de porcentagem de germinação, porcentagem de emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, tempo médio da emergência e coeficiente de variação do tempo da emergência, quando as sementes foram armazenadas por até dias em ambiente não controlado. A cultivar Português é indicada aos produtores de jiló visando produção de mudas, pois se mostrou superior a cultivar Morro Grande quando armazenadas por até 30 dias em ambiente não controlado. Após 30 dias de armazenamento, a utilização de sementes das duas cultivares não é indicado, pois a porcentagem de germinação cai consideravelmente. Palavras-Chave: Fitotecnia. Produção de sementes. Armazenamento.Viabilidade.   Seed quality of scarlet eggplant stored in environmental conditions not controlled Abstract The sectors of production and conservation of seeds depend directly from studies that determine the best storage conditions and that consequently guarantee the longest possible period of maintenance of physiological quality of seed. In tropical regions, there is a major limitation regarding the maintenance of physiological quality during storage period mainly in uncontrolled environment, whose variation of environmental conditions can greatly influence the final quality of a seed lot. The objective of this final paper was to evaluate the quality of seeds of two cultivars of scarlet eggplant (Solanun gilo Raddi), stored in environmental conditions not controlled. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with 05 replications in a factorial 2 x 5, being two cultivars of scarlet eggplant (Morro Grande and Portuguese) and 05 storage periods (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of storage). Was evaluated the Percentage of Germination, Percentage of Emergence, Emergence Speed Index, Coefficient of Variation of the Time, Average Time of Emergency, Indexes of Uncertainty and Sync the Emergence and Relative Frequency of Seedling Emergence in the time. The Portuguese cultivar presented the best rates of Germination Percentage, Emergency Percentage, Emergency Speed Index, Average Emergence Time and Emergence Time Variation Coefficient, when seeds were stored for up to 30 days in an uncontrolled environment. The Portugues cultivar is indicated to jiló producers aiming seedling production because it was superior to Morro Grande cultivar when stored for up to 30 days in an uncontrolled environment. After 30 days of storage, the use of seeds from both cultivars is not indicated because the germination percentage drops considerably.  Keywords: Phytotechny. Seed production. Storage. Viability.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Catherine Veronica Nnamani ◽  
Femi Emmanuel Awosanmi ◽  
Sunday Adesola Ajayi

African yam bean is a nutritionally-important but neglected food crop with several health benefits. But its large scale cultivation and consumption are still limited by lack of systematic genetic improvement and breeding programme for the crop. Preliminary studies have established that the inherent field establishment potential of African yam bean is low. Hence the need to screen available accessions to identify those with outstanding seed physiological qualities for selection as parental materials for further improvement. Thirty-four African yam bean accessions were collected from different farmers in five states of Southeastern Nigeria. Seed physiological quality (viability and vigour) was assessed using hundred seed weight, water imbibition, standard germination, accelerated ageing and conductivity tests. The mean squares due to varietal effect were significant (p < 0.05) for germination index and highly significant (p < 0.01) for all other traits. Accessions ENAGag, ENAGmg 1 and, ENAGmg 2 had high standard (> 80%) and accelerated ageing (> 70%) germination percentages. Only 11 of the accessions had an accelerated ageing germination percentage of above 50%. All but one of the 34 accessions had conductivity values less than 5.00 µScm-1 g-1. On the average, African yam bean seeds require up to 76.9% moisture of their initial weight over a period of approximately 53 hours prior for the commencement of germination process. Accessions ENAGag, ENAGmg 1, ENAGmg 2, ENNKob, ENNSog, IMISis, IMOKeo 1 and IMOKeo 3 were outstanding and are therefore potential candidates for genetic improvement of seed quality in African yam bean.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e858998157
Author(s):  
Érica Coutinho David ◽  
Bressa Karolina Dias Cardoso ◽  
Josiene Amanda dos Santos Viana ◽  
Eniel David Cruz

Knowledge about seed storage behavior is important to preserve plant species. Clitoria fairchildiana R.A.Howard is an endemic species with medicinal properties, it is used in the recovery of degraded land. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of drying on the physiological quality of C. fairchildiana seeds. Seeds were oven dried along with silica gel for 18 days and in intervals of 2 or 3 days, samples were removed to assess the seed moisture content. This was done in an oven at 105±3 oC for 24h, using four replicates with 10 seeds each. After undergoing the above-mentioned treatment, a sample of seeds was stored in the freezer (-18 ºC) for 3 months. Sowing was carried out in plastic trays in a sand and sawdust mixture (1:1), previously sterilized in hot water (100 oC) for two hours. Seeds were left to germinate in a laboratory with no temperature and relative humidity control. Germination tests were performed over 14 days with daily counts of the number of emerged seedlings. The percentage of seed germination, abnormal seedlings and dead seeds were obtained 14 days after sowing. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications of 25 seeds. The reduction of seed moisture content from 18.5% to 5.6% affected physiological seed quality causing a reduction in the germination percentage and an increase in dead seeds and abnormal seedling percentage. C. fairchildiana seeds are classified as intermediate and they can be desiccated up to 8.6% with no reduction in physiology quality.


2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Kazem Ghassemi-Golezani ◽  
Saeid Ghassemi

AbstractA split plot experiment (using RCB design) with three replications was conducted in 2012 and seed physiological quality of three chickpea (Cicer arietinumL.) cultivars (Azad, Arman and Jame) was evaluated at seven stages under well and limited irrigation conditions. Maximum seed weight (mass maturity) was achieved at 40–45 days after flowering. However, maximum seed quality was obtained 7 to 10 days after mass maturity, depending on irrigation intervals and cultivars. At earlier harvests, because of immaturity, and at later harvests, due to ageing, seed quality was low. Seed filling rate and maximum seed weight of chickpea decreased with decreasing water supply, but water deficit had no significant effects on seed quality as measured by germination percentage, germination rate and seedling dry weight. Significant differences in seedling dry weight among chickpea cultivars were attributed to significant variation in seed weight affected by genetic constitution.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-311
Author(s):  
Edvan Costa da Silva ◽  
Wagner Menechini ◽  
Carolina Dos Santos Galvão ◽  
Luís Augusto Batista de Oliveira ◽  
Natália Cássia de Faria Ferreira ◽  
...  

The electrical conductivity test stands out among the existing physiological quality tests due to its simplicity of execution, repeatability, speed, easy interpretation of results, and low cost. This study aimed to establish a methodology for the test of electric conductivity in lentil seeds (Lens culinaris Medik), involving the seeds’ number of seeds and soaking time. The experiment was conducted at the Multidisciplinary Laboratory of the State University of Goiás, Campus Ipameri, in 2018. Lentil Silvina seeds were used, stored in the seed laboratory of the same institution. The experimental design used was completely randomized, in a 4x5 factorial scheme, with four seed lots (25, 50, 75, and 100 seeds) and five soaking times (3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 hours) at 25 ºC, with four replications. The initial seed quality was characterized (water content, first counting of germination, percentage of germination, accelerated aging and 1000-seed weight). For the electrical conductivity test, four repetitions of 25, 50, 75, and 100 seeds each were used, weighed on a digital scale with an accuracy of 0.001 g and placed in plastic cups, with a capacity of 200 mL, containing 75 mL of distilled water. Then, the plastic cups remained in a BOD chamber, adjusted at 25 °C and the measuring was performed after 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 hours of soaking in a conductivity meter (DIGIMED DM 31), the results being expressed in μS cm-1 g-1. There was a significant interaction when evaluating the number of seeds per repetition and the soaking time. The use of replicates with 50 seeds subjected to 12 h of soaking shows the best results for the lentil seeds' electrical conductivity test.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Samara Dayse Da Luz Ayres ◽  
Jackson Silva Nóbrega ◽  
Riselane de Lucena Alcântara Bruno ◽  
Ademar Pereira De Oliveira ◽  
Edna Ursulino Alves ◽  
...  

Common beans are one of the most economically important legumes in the world. The determination of the ideal harvesting period may coincide with the maximum seed quality and vigor. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the physiology of growth and development of fruits, seeds and seedlings of two cultivars of common beans. To this end, two cultivars of common beans were used: the “Macarrão Trepador” and “Rasteiro Fartura” harvested every five days after anthesis (DAA). The pods were harvested and sent to the laboratory for seed analysis and extraction. In the laboratory, biometric characteristics of fruits and seeds, physiological quality (germination and vigor) and chemical composition of seeds were evaluated. The physiological maturity of “Macarrão Trepador” and “Rasteiro Fartura” cultivars occurred at 35 DAA, during which the seeds had the maximum dry matter and the minimum water content. The chemical composition of the seeds of both cultivars was similar, except for lignin, whose content was higher in “Rasteiro Fartura” cultivar at 25 DAA. The color and dry mass of fruits and seeds, germination percentage, first germination count, germination speed index and average germination time are the indicators that help in determining the physiological maturity point.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document