scholarly journals Pathogenesis, histopathologic findings and treatment modalities of lipoprotein glomerulopathy: A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Cambruzzi ◽  
Karla Lais Pêgas
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Kidney Graft ◽  
Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Type Iii Hyperlipoproteinemia ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Histopathologic Findings

Abstract Lipoprotein glomerulopathy (LPG) is an uncommon cause of nephrotic syndrome and/or kidney failure. At microscopy, LPG is characterized by the presence of lipoprotein thrombi in dilated glomerular capillaries due to different ApoE mutations. ApoE gene is located on chromosome 19q13.2, and can be identified in almost all serum lipoproteins. ApoE works as a protective factor in atherosclerosis due its interaction with receptor-mediated lipoprotein clearance and cholesterol receptor. Most common polymorphisms include ApoE2/2, ApoE3/2, ApoE3/3, ApoE4/2, ApoE4/3, and ApoE4/4. All age-groups can be affected by LPG, with a discrete male predominance. Compromised patients typically reveal dyslipidemia, type III hyperlipoproteinemia, and proteinuria. LPG treatment includes fenofibrate, antilipidemic drugs, steroids, LDL aphaeresis, plasma exchange, antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulants, urokinase, and renal transplantation. Recurrence in kidney graft suggests a pathogenic component(s) of extraglomerular humoral complex resulting from abnormal lipoprotein metabolism and presumably associated to ApoE.

MO768VASCULAR ACCESS FOR PEDIATRIC HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS IN CATALONIA: ANALYSIS OF DATA FROM THE CATALAN RENAL REGISTRY (1997-2018)

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon Roca-Tey ◽  
Maria Gema Ariceta Iraola ◽  
Héctor Ríos ◽  
Jordi Comas ◽  
Jaume Tort
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Kidney Graft ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Pediatric Hemodialysis ◽  
Kidney Replacement Therapy ◽  
Kidney Disease Progression ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background The vascular access (VA) is the life-line for children with kidney failure (KT) on hemodialysis (HD). The European Society for Paediatric Nephrology Dialysis Working Group suggested that children requiring HD start with a functioning arteriovenous fistula (AVF) but a tunnelled catheter (TC) can be placed instead where a short period on HD is anticipated before kidney transplantation (KT) (NDT 2019; 34: 1746–1765). Aims To analyze the type of VA used by incident and prevalent KF pediatric patients (pts) treated with HD in Catalonia Method Data from the Catalan Renal Registry of KF pts younger than 18 years of age undergoing kidney replacement therapy (KRT) were examined for a 22-year period. Results The modality of KRT used by incident KF pediatric pts has changed significantly over time: the percentage of children who started KRT through HD decreased progressively from 89.9% during the 1984-1989 period to 38.2% during the 2014-2018 period and, conversely, the percentage of children who started KRT by using pre-emptive KT increased progressively from 5.1% to 42.6% between the same periods (for both comparisons, p<0.001). During 2018, 18 children started KRT (rate: 12.8 per milion of population, pmp) by using pre-emptive KT (n=8, 44.4%), peritoneal dialysis (n=5, 27.8%) or HD (n=5, 27.8%). From 1997 to 2018, 112 KF pediatric pts started KRT by using HD (mean age 9.4±6,0 yr, male 58.9%, glomerular disease 36.8%). Most children started HD through an AVF during the 1997-2001 period (56.5%) but this percentage decreased over time and no children used an AVF for starting HD during the 2012-2018 period. On the contrary, the percentage of children starting HD through a TC increased progressively from 8.7% to 72.2% between the same periods (for both comparisons, p<0.001). No significant changes over time were recorded regarding untunnelled catheter (UC) utilization from 34.8% (1997-2001 period) to 27.8% (2012-2018 period) (p=0.57). Considering two age groups (0-6 vs 7-18 years), VA distribution was the following (%): 23.3 vs 76.7 for UC, 47.2 vs 52.8 for TC and 26.3 vs 73.7 for AVF (p=0.058). Regarding KF presentation, UC was used mainly to initiate HD in crashlanders (53.3%) and AVF was used mainly to start HD in children with steady kidney disease progression (63.2%) (p=0.003). The KRT modality of using prevalent KF pediatric pts has also changed significantly over time: pts on HD decreased from 34.9% (n=15, mean age 13.5 yr) in 1997 to 4.7% (n=5, mean age 11.6 yr) in 2018 and, conversely, pts with a kidney graft increased from 62.8% (n=27, mean age 13.7 yr) to 92.4% (n=98, mean age 11.2 yr) during the same period (for both comparisons, p<0.001). The percentage of children dialyzed through an AVF decreased progressively from 1997 (100%) to 2018 (0%) (p<0.001). All prevalent HD pts were dialyzed through a catheter in 2018. The KT rate increased significantly from 5.4 pmp (n=6) in 1997 to 17.1 pmp (n=24) in 2018 (p=0.007). The median time on HD (months) prior to the first KT decreased progressively from 23.1 during the 1984-1989 period to 6.6 during the 2014-2018 period (p<0.001). Conclusions 1) The VA profile of pediatric population treated with HD in Catalonia has radically changed over time. 2) Since 2012, AVF has practically disappeared as the VA in the incident and prevalent pediatric population on HD. 3) Almost all children treated by HD since 2012 were dialyzed through a catheter due to the short waiting time before receiving a kidney graft. 4) The high KT rate was a determining factor in choosing the AV type in the pediatric population treated with HD in Catalonia.

scholarly journals Aetio-pathology of Epistaxis: A Study of 165 Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-159
Author(s):  
Md Ahsanuzzaman Khan ◽  
Md Abdul Wahab ◽  
Md Monsur Alam ◽  
Taniza Tabassum
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Almost All

Introduction: Epistaxis or nose bleeding is an intensely common problem all over the world. It affects almost all age groups of people. In human life span, up to 60% of the people will experience epistaxis and only 6% of them seek medical attention. Objectives: To find out the aetio-pathological factors of epistaxis and to observe its outcome. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery (ENT) at Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Chattogram from January 2013 to December 2016 and in CMH, Dhaka from January 2017 to July 2019 among 165 patients who reported with complaints of nose bleeding to the ENT Outpatient Department or Emergency unit of the aforementioned hospitals. The cases were diagnosed on the basis of history, clinical examination, radiological and laboratory investigations and the data regarding aetiopathological factors, outcome of the epistaxis were recorded. Results: The study reveals that the incidence of epistaxis was 14.32% (165 of 1152 patients) with male predominance 70% with a mean age of incidence at 34.44 years. High incidence was noted in the month of December (25) and February (18) where average temperature was 25.03°C and average humidity 79.06% which were typical in cold weather. Low incidence was found in April (7) and October (7) where range of temperature was 26.5°C to 28.2°C and humidity 75.16% to 78.90% respectively. Majority 65.45% reported with bilateral bleeding, 75.76% reported first time, 70.90% of cases had anterior epistaxis. The commonest aetiology was trauma 40% and nasal mass was found in 7.27% cases. Majority 87.27% of patients were treated successfully by nonsurgical/non-interventional method. Conclusion: Epistaxis is found in all age groups, mostly observed in the third and fourth decade of life with male predominance. With a proper diagnosis, prompt intervention and vigilance, epistaxis can be treated conservatively in maximum cases. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 156-159

Planning to reach for a rotating rod

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claes von Hofsten ◽  
Katarina Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Almost All

Abstract. Hand adjustments of 6- and 10-month-old infants and adults were studied as they reach to grasp a rotating rod. It was found that the subjects in all three age groups adjusted the hand prospectively to the rotating rod during the approach of it. They also adjusted the reaches to the rotating rod in such a way that almost all of the grasps were overhand ones as predicted by the endpoint comfort hypothesis. Finally, it was found that the rotation of the hand was made up of movement units as translational movements are, and that the approach units were relatively independent of the rotational ones.

Haemophilia Registry of the Medical Committee of the Swiss Haemophilia Society

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S16-S18 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Brand ◽  
N. von der Weid
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Mutation Analysis ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Global Survey ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

SummaryThe Swiss Haemophilia Registry of the Medical Committee of the Swiss Haemophilia Society was established in 2000. Primarily it bears epidemiological and basic clinical data (incidence, type and severity of the disease, age groups, centres, mortality). Two thirds of the questions of the WFH Global Survey can be answered, especially those concerning use of concentrates (global, per capita) and treatment modalities (on-demand versus prophylactic regimens). Moreover, the registry is an important tool for quality control of the haemophilia treatment centres.There are no informations about infectious diseases like hepatitis or HIV, due to non-anonymisation of the data. We plan to incorporate the results of the mutation analysis in the future.

To evaluate the efficacy of Jalaukavacharana followed by Khadira Prayoga in Vicharchika w.s.r to Eczema

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kulkarni Sharad ◽  
Syeda Ather Fathima ◽  
Naveen B. S.
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Skin Disorder ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Main Line ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Skin Disorders

Vicharchika (Eczema) is a skin disorder with predominance of Pitta Kapha Dosha, with clinical features like Kandu, Srava, Pidaka, Shyavata, Rookshata, Raji, Ruja and Daha mainly in the extremities. It is the second commonest skin disease affecting all age groups, with incidence rate of 2-3% and high rate of recurrence. Ayurveda emphasizes Shodhana therapy as the main line of treatment in skin disorders. Raktamokshana is indicated as Rakta is mainly involved in Vicharchika. In the present study, two treatment modalities were selected to find out which is more appropriate.

scholarly journals Pilonidal sinus disease on the rise: a one-third incidence increase in inpatients in 13 years with substantial regional variation in Germany

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Oetzmann von Sochaczewski ◽  
Jan Gödeke
Keyword(s):  
Pilonidal Sinus ◽  
Regional Variation ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Pilonidal Sinus Disease ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Reconstructive Procedures ◽  
Sinus Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Purpose Collective evidence from single-centre studies suggests an increasing incidence of pilonidal sinus disease in the last decades, but population-based data is scarce. Methods We analysed administrative case–based principal diagnoses of pilonidal sinus disease and its surgical therapy between 2005 and 2017 in inpatients. Changes were addressed via linear regression. Results The mean rate of inpatient episodes of pilonidal sinus disease per 100,000 men increased from 43 in 2005 to 56 in 2017. In females, the mean rate of inpatient episodes per 100,000 women rose from 14 in 2005 to 18 in 2017. In the whole population, for every case per 100,000 females, there were 3.1 cases per 100,000 males, but the numbers were highly variable between the age groups. There was considerable regional variation within Germany. Rates of inpatient episodes of pilonidal sinus disease were increasing in almost all age groups and both sexes by almost a third. Surgery was dominated by excision of pilonidal sinus without reconstructive procedures, such as flaps, whose share was around 13% of all procedures, despite recommendations of the national guidelines to prefer flap procedures. Conclusion Rates of inpatient episodes of pilonidal sinus disease in Germany rose across almost all age groups and both sexes with relevant regional variation. The underlying causative factors are unknown. Thus, patient-centred research is necessary to explore them. This should also take cases into account that are solely treated office-based in order to obtain a full-spectrum view of pilonidal sinus disease incidence rates.

scholarly journals A Study of Varicella Seroprevalence in a Pediatric and Adolescent Population in Florence (Italy). Natural Infection and Vaccination-Acquired Immunization

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Beatrice Zanella ◽  
Angela Bechini ◽  
Benedetta Bonito ◽  
Marco Del Riccio ◽  
Alessandra Ninci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Infection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Varicella Vaccination ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Disease Notification ◽  
Test Elisa ◽  
Vaccine Schedule ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
Dose Vaccine

Background: Varicella is a well-known infectious disease that can have severe complications, also in young children. The Universal Varicella Vaccination (UVV) program was introduced in Tuscany (Italy) in 2003, with a two-dose vaccine schedule given to children between their 13th and 15th month, and at 5–6 years old, as a monovalent for varicella (V) or tetravalent (measles, mumps, rubella and varicella (MMRV)) formulation. Although varicella notifications have dramatically fallen in the last two decades, varicella disease underreporting remains a challenge. Methods: A qualitative immunoenzymatic test (ELISA) was used to measure the presence of anti-varicella antibodies in 165 sera of subjects aged 1–18 years residing in the province of Florence (Italy). Information regarding the anamnestic and vaccination status (including disease notification) was also collected. Results: Our study showed an overall varicella seropositivity of 75.8% (reaching the maximum at 96.3% in the 15–18 years age group). We found that varicella disease notification had been recorded for only 7/165 subjects; however, since 42/165 recalled having had the disease, we can hypothesize that some of them must have been underreported. Furthermore, our study showed that the presence of antibodies after the varicella vaccination remained over time, lasting up to 12 years. Conclusions: Although varicella seroprevalence is <95% in almost all our age groups (except for the 15–18 years age group), our data are encouraging and reflect the success of the introduction of the UVV program and the vaccination campaigns promoted in the Tuscany region.

scholarly journals Incidence of childhood injuries and modifiable household risk factors in rural Ghana: a multistage, cluster-randomised, population-based, household survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e039243
Author(s):  
Adam Gyedu ◽  
Barclay T Stewart ◽  
Easmon Otupiri ◽  
Kajal Mehta ◽  
Peter Donkor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Childhood Injuries ◽  
Rural Ghana

ObjectiveWe aimed to describe the incidence of childhood household injuries and prevalence of modifiable household risk factors in rural Ghana to inform prevention initiatives.Setting357 randomly selected households in rural Ghana.ParticipantsCaregivers of children aged <5 years.Primary and secondary outcome measuresChildhood injuries that occurred within 6 months and 200 metres of the home that resulted in missed school/work, hospitalisation and/or death. Sampling weights were applied, injuries were described and multilevel regression was used to identify risk factors.ResultsCaregivers from 357 households had a mean age of 35 years (SD 12.8) and often supervised ≥2 children (51%). Households typically used biomass fuels (84%) on a cookstove outside the home (79%). Cookstoves were commonly <1 metre of the ground (95%). Weighted incidence of childhood injury was 542 per 1000 child-years. Falls (37%), lacerations (24%), burns (12%) and violence (12%) were common mechanisms. There were differences in mechanism across age groups (p<0.01), but no gender differences (p=0.25). Presence of older children in the home (OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.24; adjusted OR (aOR) 0.26, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.54) and cooking outside the home (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.42; aOR 0.25, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.49) were protective against injury, but other common modifiable risk factors (eg, stove height, fuel type, secured cabinets) were not.ConclusionsChildhood injuries occurred frequently in rural Ghana. Several common modifiable household risk factors were not associated with an increase in household injuries. Presence of older children was a protective factor, suggesting that efforts to improve supervision of younger children might be effective prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Survival Associations between Patient Age and Treatment Modality in Olfactory Neuroblastoma: A Retrospective Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2685
Author(s):  
Andre J. Burnham ◽  
Phillip A. Burnham ◽  
Edwin M. Horwitz
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Olfactory Neuroblastoma ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Patient Âgé

Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare neuroepithelial-derived malignancy that usually presents in the nasal cavity. The rarity of ONB has led to conflicting reports regarding associations of patient age and ONB survival and outcome. Moreover, long-term outcomes of chemotherapy and other treatment modalities are speculated. Here, we aimed to compare survival outcomes across age groups through time and determine associations between treatment modality and survival. In this retrospective population-based study, we analyzed the SEER 2000–2016 Database for patients with ONB tumors. Using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, a significant effect of age and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was observed; geriatric ONB patients had the lowest CSS overall. Generalized linear models and survival analyses demonstrated that CSS of the pediatric patient population was similar to the geriatric group through 100 months but plateaued thereafter and was the highest of all age groups. Radiation and surgery were associated with increased CSS, while chemotherapy was associated with decreased CSS. GLM results showed that tumor grade, stage and lymph node involvement had no CSS associations with age or treatment modality. Our results provide insight for future investigations of long-term outcomes associated with ONB patient age and treatment modality, and we conclude that survival statistics of ONB patients should be analyzed in terms of trends through time rather than fixed in time.

scholarly journals Results From Sweden’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (s2) ◽  
pp. S284-S290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Delisle Nyström ◽  
Christel Larsson ◽  
Bettina Ehrenblad ◽  
Hanna Eneroth ◽  
Ulf Eriksson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Report Card ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Almost All

Background:The 2016 Swedish Report Card on Physical Activity (PA) for Children and Youth is a unique compilation of the existing physical and health related data in Sweden. The aim of this article is to summarize the procedure and results from the report card.Methods:Nationally representative surveys and individual studies published between 2005–2015 were included. Eleven PA and health indicators were graded using the Active Healthy Kids Canada grading system. Grades were assigned based on the percentage of children/youth meeting a defined benchmark (A: 81% to 100%, B: 61% to 80%, C: 41% to 60%, D: 21% to 40%, F: 0% to 20%, or incomplete (INC).Results:The assigned grades were Overall Physical Activity, D; Organized Sport Participation, B+; Active Play, INC; Active Transportation, C+; Sedentary Behaviors, C; Family and Peers, INC; School, C+; Community and the Built Environment, B; Government Strategies and Investments, B; Diet, C-; and Obesity, D.Conclusions:The included data provides some support that overall PA is too low and sedentary behavior is too high for almost all age groups in Sweden, even with the many national policies as well as an environment that is favorable to the promotion of PA.

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