scholarly journals Emergency nursing: the Institute of Hygiene’s performance during the brazilian civil war of 1932

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina da Costa Marques ◽  
Danilo Fernandes Brasileiro ◽  
Felipe Daiko Fraga
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Emergency Nursing ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Emergency Nurses ◽  
Revolutionary Movement ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Political Alignment

Abstract Objectives: to analyze and describe the São Paulo Institute of Hygiene’s performance, now the School of Public Health of the Universidade de São Paulo, in the training of emergency nurses during the Brazilian Civil War. Method: descriptive, historical-documentary study. Results: ministered from July 13 to August 31, 1932 to 383 students, in five classes, with an average of ten days of class. The discipline First Aid to the Wounded of Trenches is highlighted and was ministered by the nurse Iracema Niebler. At the end of the course, the students graduated and made up the List of Nurses of the Barracks Battalion of São Paulo. Conclusion and implications for the practice: the Institute of Hygiene’s performance in the training of civilians in emergency/war nurses revealed the institutional political alignment with the revolutionary movement of 1932, as well as the historical rescue of one of the first initiatives to train hands-on nurses assist in emergency situations during the most emblematic brazilian Civil War of 1932.

scholarly journals Body mass index percentiles in adolescents of the city of São Paulo, Brazil, and their comparison with international parameters

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Aparecida Zanetti Passos ◽  
Isa de Pádua Cintra ◽  
Lúcia Maria Branco ◽  
Helymar da Costa Machado ◽  
Mauro Fisberg
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The City

OBJECTIVE: To describe the percentile distribution of body mass index (BMI) in school adolescents, by gender and age, comparing them with international parameters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study included 8,020 adolescents aged 10-15 years from 43 schools in the city of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. BMI values of the study sample were distributed in percentiles and compared to international parameters (CDC, Must and cols. and Cole and cols.). RESULTS: Both male and female adolescents aged 10 to 14 years showed BMI cut-offs over the international parameters, especially in the P50-P85 percentile range. At the age of 15, the observed values were very similar to reference data; however, BMI values in the 95th percentile were much higher than international parameters. CONCLUSIONS: The study results show how important it is to use adequate BMI values for Brazilian adolescents aged 10-15 since international parameters may not reflect the actual nutritional status of this group.

scholarly journals Low-frequency physical variations in the coastal zone of Ubatuba, northern coast of São Paulo State, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Soares Valentim ◽  
Marcos Eduardo Cordeiro Bernardes ◽  
Marcelo Dottori ◽  
Matheus Cortezi
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Monthly Time Series ◽  
Study Results

Sea level (SL), wind, air temperature (AT) and sea surface temperature (SST) variations in the coastal region of Ubatuba, northern coast of São Paulo, are assessed. A Lanczos-square cosine filter, with a 40-hour window, was applied over the SL time series between 1978 and 2000, except for the period comprising 1984 to 1986. In order to study subtidal effects on mean sea level (MSL), SL numerical filtering indicated that there was a virtually complete removal of semidiurnal and diurnal astronomical tidal components over the period of study. Results indicated an average raw SL rise of 2.3 mm/year, whereas average filtered MSL was of the order of 0.7 mm/year. Despite the overall positive MSL trend, the lunar nodal cycle of 18.6 years seemed to be the explanation for the SL series pattern. Correlations between MSL and parallel wind had a maximum correlation coefficient around 0.6, with 99% statistical confidence, while MSL and perpendicular wind correlations were not statistically significant. These results may be explained by Ekman dynamics. Data records of AT and SST between 1990 and 2003 showed positive trends for both variables. During this period, AT rose about 0.087 ºC /year for the raw series and 0.085 ºC /year for the monthly time series, and SST showed a rise of 0.047 ºC /year and 0.046 ºC/year, for the raw and monthly time series, respectively. The monthly climatology for both AT and SST showed higher values in February with 27.79 ºC and 28.59 ºC for AT and SST, respectively, and the lowest in July with 21.12 ºC for AT and 21.91 ºC for SST.

scholarly journals Overview on COVID-19 outbreak indicators across Brazilian federative units

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Maria Guerra-Shinohara ◽  
Simone Schneider Weber ◽  
Clovis Paniz ◽  
Guilherme Wataru Gomes ◽  
Eduardo Jun Shinohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Social Vulnerability Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
The North ◽  
Study Results

Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID 19) spread rapidly across Brazil. The country has 27 federative units, with wide regional differences related to climate, lifestyle habits, socioeconomic characteristics and population density. Therefore, we aimed to document and monitor the increase in COVID 19 cases across each federative unit in Brazil, by tracking its progression from inception to 15 May 2020. Methods: Observational study. Results: The first confirmed COVID 19 case in the country was notified in Sao Paulo on 26 February, while the first death occurred on 17 March, in Rio de Janeiro. Since then, there has been a dramatic increase in both confirmed cases and deaths from the disease. Sao Paulo, in the Southeast region, was initially considered the COVID 19 epidemic epicentre in Brazil. However, 10 states in the North and Northeast regions were ranked among the 14 highest incidences (over 100 cases per 100,000 people) observed on 15 May. Higher incidence rates (>100 cases per 100,000) were associated to higher rates of inadequate water supply and sewerage (OR, 5.83 (95% CI, 1.08 to 29.37, P=0.041)). North and Northeast states with the highest social vulnerability index scores had higher increases in the incidence rate between 14 April and 15 May. States with medium human development index (HDI) showed higher incidence increases from 14 April to 15 May, being seven of them with ratios in the range from 27.49 to 63.73 times. Conclusion: Spreading of COVID 19 in Brazil differs across both regions and federative units, being influenced by different socioeconomic contexts.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis of cases of Tuberculosis with Mental Disorders in São Paulo

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-662
Author(s):  
Luiz Arroyo Henrique Arroyo ◽  
Marcos Augusto Moraes Arcoverde ◽  
Josilene Dália Alves ◽  
Miguel Fuentealba-Torres ◽  
Denisse Cartagena-Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Study Results ◽  
São Paulo State

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the spatial distribution of Tuberculosis cases with Mental Disorders, identifying factors that determine its occurrence. Method: Ecological study, conducted in the municipalities of São Paulo State. Secondary data were used, with the incidence of Tuberculosis and Mental Disorders as dependent variables in the years 2012 to 2015 and independent variables, socioeconomic, health and income transfer data. The Geographically Weighted Regression was applied in this study. Results: It was observed a distinct distribution between cases of Tuberculosis and Mental Disorders in the municipalities of São Paulo State. Among the explanatory factors, the Primary Care Coverage, population of freedom and income inequality were spatially associated with Mental Illness (R2= 0.12); Alcoholism (R2= 0.12) Illicit Drugs (R2= 0.50) and Smoking (R2= 0.50). Conclusion / Final considerations: The study advances in knowledge by evidencing the spatial distribution of cases of Tuberculosis and Mental Disorders, evidencing the determining factors for its occurrence in São Paulo State.

scholarly journals O evento CERN Masterclasses: Hands on Particle Physics: contribuições sobre seu papel na comunicação científica a partir de percepções de seus participantes

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Graciella Watanabe ◽  
Giselle Watanabe ◽  
Lucio Costa ◽  
Eduardo Gregores ◽  
Ivã Gurgel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Hands On

Neste trabalho são investigados dois aspectos relacionados à experiência da Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) e da Universidade de São Paulo (USP) durante a realização do evento CERN Masterclasses Hands on Particle Physics, que envolveu estudantes tanto de Ensino Médio quanto de cursos de Licenciatura em Física. O primeiro aspecto considerado para este estudo refere-se ao perfil motivacional dos participantes, quais suas expectativas e interesses no evento. O segundo busca identificar, relativamente aos conteúdos conceituais e técnicos tratados no evento, quais os principais ganhos e dificuldades percebidas pelos participantes. A partir destas informações, analisamos o papel do evento como instrumento de comunicação científica. Para isso, tomamos como referencial teórico o modelo contemporâneo de comunicação científica de Burns, O’Connor e Stocklmayer, o qual entende a comunicação científica como um conjunto de etapas visando levar a Literacia Científica. À luz dos resultados encontrados, foi possível constatar que as ações do evento estão produzindo em seus participantes processos conducentes tanto a uma Consciência quanto Compreensão Públicas da Ciência. Estes processos operam de forma estrutural no desenvolvimento de uma cultura científica, a qual constitui-se, ao mesmo tempo, em causa e conseqüência do processo que leva ao ideal de Literacia Científica. Desta perspectiva, eventuais ajustes no desenho e composição das atividades do evento podem ser melhor subsidiadas, assim como questões relativas às contribuições sócio-educativas e culturais proporcionadas por iniciativas dessa natureza.

scholarly journals Viral type characterization and clinical aspects of canine parvovirus in naturally infected dogs in São Paulo State, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1181-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyssia Monteiro ◽  
Susan D. Allendorf ◽  
Acácia F. Vicente ◽  
Camila M. Appolinário ◽  
Marina G. Peres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Canine Population ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Veterinary Hospital

ABSTRACT: Since the first isolation of canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) in late 70’s new virus types as CPV-2a and CPV-2b have been emerged and becoming prevalent in natural canine population and more recently, a third subtype was identified , CPV-2c. The main purpose of this study was to detect and characterize canine parvovirus currently present in Central-West region of São Paulo state, in Brazil. Fecal samples were collected of vaccinated and non-vaccinated dogs, clinically suspected of having CPV infection brought to the Infectious Diseases Service, Veterinary Hospital of FMVZ-UNESP. All samples (n=30) were screening for canine parvovirus through hemagglutination test and those resulting as positive (n=20) were submitted to PCR and the products were subsequently sequenced for subtype characterization. Results were tested for association with age, hematological values, viral hemagglutination titers in the feces, vaccination status and survival. Leukopenia was found in all animals, death occurred in 30% of unvaccinated dogs and in 42% of vaccinated ones. In a total of 20 positive sequenced samples, 18 were classified as CPV-2b, one as CPV-2c, and one as CPV-2a, being CPV2a and CPV2c detected in unvaccinated puppies. Compared to the reference samples amino acid change at position 426 in those circling virus was identified. The study results demonstrate the predominance of CPV-2b and the presence of CPV-2a and CPV-2c in naturally infected, vaccinated and unvaccinated dogs in in São Paulo region.

scholarly journals Relato de experiência das enfermeiras do Banco de Leite Humano da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, voltado às práticas de promoção, proteção e apoio ao aleitamento materno / Experience report from the nurses of the Human Milk Bank of Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, focused on practices of promotion, protection and support to breastfeeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Claudia Tavares de Melo ◽  
Marta Bellazzi Padrão
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Key Words Breast ◽  
Milk Bank ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Milk Volume ◽  
Human Milk Bank

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência das enfermeiras do banco de leite humano (BLH) da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, demonstrar as novas atribuições, descrever as repercussões destas mudanças e avaliar o volume de leite coletado. Método: Estudo transversal, descritivo e analítico. Os dados foram coletados dos arquivos de registros do BLH desta instituição, de 2016 a 2018. Resultado: Após início de um projeto com atividades educativas voltadas à divulgação da atuação do BLH, observamos o aumento do número de doadoras de leite materno e, consequentemente, melhoria no fornecimento de leite humano pasteurizado aos prematuros internados. No ano de 2016 os atendimentos somaram 2821 mães, e em 2018, 3238 (demonstrando um aumento de 15% no período). No tocante ao volume de leite coletado, foram 278,65 litros em 2016, contra 370,91 litros em 2018; demonstrando um aumento de 33%. Conclusão: As ações de acolhimento, marketing, socialização e busca ativa realizadas favoreceram o aumento do número de doadoras de leite materno e no volume de leite coletado, bem como sua fidelização. A ampliação das atividades levou a um importante espaço de atuação do enfermeiro que trabalha no BLH. Palavras-chave: Aleitamento materno, Banco de leite, Enfermagem obstétricaABSTRACT Objective: To report an experience lived by the nurses of the human milk bank (HMB) of Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, demonstrate the new attributions, describe the repercussions of these changes and evaluate the amount of appointments and milk volume collected from 2016 to 2018. Method: It was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study. Results: After beginning a project with educational activities aimed disseminating the HMB, culminating in the increase in the number of breast milk donors and, consequently, in the milk provision (more regular) for hospitalized premature newborns. The total number of attendances jumped from 2821 in 2016 to 3238 in 2018 (an increase of 15%). Regarding the volume of collected milk, we got 278,65 liters in 2016 against 370,91 liters in 2018 (an increase of 33 %). Conclusion: The actions of reception, marketing, socialization and the active search performed favored an increase in the number of breast milk donors and in the volume of collected milk, and to keep their loyalty. The expansion of these activities led to an important new field of nurses activities on the HMB. Key words: Breast feeding, Milk banks, obstetric nursing

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitudes in dementia held by general practitioners in the primary care setting of Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Vânia Ferreira de Sá Mayoral ◽  
Paulo José Fortes Villas Boas ◽  
Alessandro Ferrari Jacinto
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Dementia Prevalence ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Randomized Intervention Study

ABSTRACT Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide. Despite alarming evidence on dementia prevalence, the condition is still underdiagnosed by general practitioners (GPs) in primary care. Early detection of the disease is beneficial for patients and relatives, who should be provided comprehensive guidance on dealing with dementia complications, covering medical, family and social aspects, thereby providing an opportunity to plan for the future. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge of and attitudes toward dementia held by GPs from a city in the interior of São Paulo State, Brazil. Methods: A non-randomized intervention study was conducted involving six lectures about dementia. Before and after the intervention, the participating physicians completed two quizzes about knowledge of and attitudes towards dementia. The study was carried out in the primary care services of the town and a total of 34 GPs participated in the study. Results: The mean age of the sample was 33.9 (±10.2) years and the majority (76.5%) of the sample had not undertaken medical residency training. The mean number of correct answers on the Knowledge Quiz about dementia before and after the training intervention was 59.6 and 71.2% (p<0.001), respectively. The comparison of the mean responses on the Attitude Quiz revealed no statistically significant difference between the two applications of the instrument, before and after intervention (p=0.059). Conclusions: More training for GPs on dementia should be provided.

scholarly journals The food environment in school’s vicinities of Sao Paulo, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M F Barata ◽  
M A Leite ◽  
R B Levy
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Food Environments ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
The City

Abstract The school environment plays an important role in the eating patterns of students. The quality of food available in the school vicinities can influence the health and diet outcomes of this population. The study aims to analyze the food environment in the school vicinity of the city of Sao Paulo, focusing on stores selling ultra-processed products. The association between presence and characteristics of schools and density of stores will be investigated. Schools information was obtained from the 2016 School Census, provided by the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira (INEP). The 2016 Annual Social Information List (RAIS) database was used to characterize the school vicinity. Eleven types of stores selling ultra-processed products were identified through the National Classification of Economic Activities (CNAE). Initially, schools and stores were georeferenced by the Postal Address Code in the city street map; this information was attached to the Human Development Units (UDH). Descriptive analyzes (absolute numbers and density per 10.000 inhabitants) were carried out to investigate the distribution of food stores by each category of Municipal Human Development Index (IDHM) present in the city. The influence of the schools on the presence of stores was verified by comparing stores densities in areas with and without schools, considering IDHM categories. The results show that food stores densities are smaller in areas with lower IDHM (8.79/10.000 inhabitants) and bigger in areas with higher IDHM (79.19/10.000 inhabitants). Comparing areas with and without schools, areas with schools present higher food stores densities in every category of IDHM. Furthermore, the study results are relevant and necessary to fill gaps in current literature and may support the formulation of recommendations and intervention proposals for promoting healthy food environments for children and adolescents. Key messages The results assist in the understanding of how different determinants can modulate food choices and practices of children and adolescents. Food environments investigations and monitoring provide important subsidies for designing and directing accurate public policies that promote healthier food environments and choices.

Seasonal Variation of Suicide in the City of São Paulo, Brazil, 1996–2010

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hideki Bando ◽  
Fernando Madalena Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
June July ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Background: In light of the few reports from intertropical latitudes and their conflicting results, we aimed to replicate and update the investigation of seasonal patterns of suicide occurrences in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Data relating to male and female suicides were extracted from the Mortality Information Enhancement Program (PRO-AIM), the official health statistics of the municipality of São Paulo. Seasonality was assessed by studying distribution of suicides over time using cosinor analyses. Results: There were 6,916 registered suicides (76.7% men), with an average of 39.0 ± 7.0 observed suicides per month. For the total sample and for both sexes, cosinor analysis estimated a significant seasonal pattern. For the total sample and for males suicide peaked in November (late spring) with a trough in May–June (late autumn). For females, the estimated peak occurred in January, and the trough in June–July. Conclusions: A seasonal pattern of suicides was found for both males and females, peaking in spring/summer and dipping in fall/winter. The scarcity of reports from intertropical latitudes warrants promoting more studies in this area.

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