Action of nitric oxide on the physiological potential and biochemical mechanisms of pea seeds

Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) can act in biochemical pathways of the germination process; however, there is little information about how it acts on the performance of pea seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological and biochemical effects of NO on pea seed germination and vigor. Pea seeds cv. Itapuã 600 obtained from three seed lots with different levels of physiological quality were sown in a substrate moistened with water (control) or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) solution, a NO donor (50 μM), to assess germination, vigor, activity of antioxidant enzymes, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and amylase activity. NO application does not alter pea seed germination, but it increases vigor. It is more effective in seeds with lower physiological potential. In addition, NO leads to reduction in oxidative stress, favors the translocation of reserves to the embryo, and has potential for use in the treatment of pea seeds to increase seed vigor.

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Nitric Oxide Alleviates the Inhibition of Salinity Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Cynanchum bungei Decne (Asclepiadaceae)

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.50.1.119 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 119-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Haiyan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Water Control ◽

No Donor ◽

Shoot Height

As a rare, endemic, important, and salt-sensitive medicinal plant species in China, Cynanchum bungei Decne seeds were treated to germinate with distilled water (control) or NaCl solutions in the presence or absence of nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) to investigate the effects of exogenous NO on seed germination, seedling growth, and antioxidant enzyme activities under salt stress. Sixty mm NaCl significantly inhibited the germination and seedling growth of C. bungei. Exogenous SNP alleviated salt stress in a dose-dependent manner, as indicated by accelerating the seed germination, increasing germination index (GI), vigor index (VI), germination velocity (GV), shoot height (SH), taproot length (TL), shoot biomass (SB), root biomass (RB) as well as shortening mean germination time (MGT), and 0.1 mm SNP was the optimal concentration. SNP at 0.1 mm greatly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) under salt stress, which contributed to alleviate the oxidative stress induced by salt stress in C. bungei seeds. It is concluded that NO treatment is an effective practice to improve C. bungei seed germination under saline condition.

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PRIMING OF BRACHIARIA SEEDS WITH DIFFERENT SUGAR SOURCES AND CONCENTRATIONS

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252018v31n406rc ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 843-849 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Thiago Barbosa Batista ◽

Eliana Duarte Cardoso Binotti ◽

Flávio Ferreira da Silva Binotti ◽

Marco Eustáquio de Sá ◽

Tiago Alexandre da Silva

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Water Control ◽

Physical Dormancy ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Seed Germination Vigor ◽

Urochloa Brizantha ◽

Germination Vigor ◽

Direct Immersion

ABSTRACT Seed priming is a practice for improving the expression of seed physiological potential. Such technique consists of synchronizing and reducing the time of seed germination by controlled hydration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of seed-priming with different sugar sources and concentrations on the physiological quality Urochloa brizantha seeds and initial seedling performance. Before treating, seeds were scarified chemically with concentrated sulphuric acid (H2SO4) for 5 minutes to overcome physical dormancy. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 x 6 factorial scheme consisting of priming using three sugar sources (glucose, sucrose, and maltose) and six concentrations (zero [water control], 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%), with four replicates. The seeds were primed by direct immersion for 2 hours at 25 ºC and, after hydration, they were dried for moisture equilibrium recovery. Seed germination, vigor, viability, and initial seedling growth were evaluated. The results showed that glucose was the source able to promote beneficial effects on the germination of U. brizantha cv. MG-5 seeds. Moreover, the supply of glucose at the concentrations of 2 and 5% for physiological conditioning increased seedling dry phytomass.

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β-Amyrin Synthase1 Controls the Accumulation of the Major Saponins Present in Pea (Pisum sativum)

Plant and Cell Physiology ◽

10.1093/pcp/pcab049 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vanessa Vernoud ◽

Ludivine Lebeigle ◽

Jocelyn Munier ◽

Julie Marais ◽

Myriam Sanchez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Bitter Taste ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Functional Protein ◽

Saponin Biosynthesis ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Pea Seeds ◽

Identification And Characterization ◽

Pea Seed

Abstract The use of pulses as ingredients for the production of food products rich in plant proteins is increasing. However, protein fractions prepared from pea or other pulses contain significant amounts of saponins, glycosylated triterpenes which can impart an undesirable bitter taste when used as an ingredient in foodstuffs. In this paper, we describe the identification and characterization of a gene involved in saponin biosynthesis during pea seed development, by screening mutants obtained from two Pisum sativum TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes) populations in two different genetic backgrounds. The mutations studied are located in a gene designated PsBAS1 (β-amyrin synthase1) which is highly expressed in maturing pea seeds and which encodes a protein previously shown to correspond to an active β-amyrin synthase. The first allele is a nonsense mutation, while the second mutation is located in a splice site and gives rise to a mis-spliced transcript encoding a truncated, non-functional protein. The homozygous mutant seeds accumulated virtually no saponin without affecting seed nutritional or physiological quality. Interestingly, BAS1 appears to control saponin accumulation in all other tissues of the plant examined. These lines represent a first step in the development of pea varieties lacking bitterness off-flavours in their seeds. Our work also shows that TILLING populations in different genetic backgrounds represent valuable genetic resources for both crop improvement and functional genomics.

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Assessment of physiological potential of stored pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/s2317-15372013000100006 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 42-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fábio Mielezrski ◽

Julio Marcos-Filho

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Growth Habit ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Seedling Length ◽

Pea Seeds ◽

Cold Chamber ◽

Pea Seed

Research on pea seed storage and the identification of efficient seed vigor tests for this species is still insufficient, especially for cultivars that produce wrinkled seeds used for consumption in natura. The objective of this study was to verify the accuracy of tests to assess the physiological potential of pea seed lots stored in different environments. Four seed lots of two cultivars, 'Telefone Alta' (indeterminate growth habit) and 'Itapuã' (determinate growth habit) were stored under different environmental conditions for 8 months: a) laboratory uncontrolled b) dry and cold chamber (10 ºC and 30% RH), c) controlled environment (20 ºC and 70% RH). Seed vigor (accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, seedling length and seedling emergence) was evaluated initially and after four and eight months storage. Results showed that the use of seed lots of high initial physiological potential is fundamental for guaranteeing the desired performance of pea seeds during storage. Wrinkled pea seeds should be stored between harvest and sowing in an environment in which the sum of the relative humidity (%) and temperature (°C) does not exceed 70. Physiological potential of pea seeds should be evaluated by at least two vigor tests; consideration to accelerated aging and electrical conductivity tests is recommended.

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Caracterization of seed germination of Zephyranthes sylvatica (Mart.) Baker (Amarilidacea)

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v32n2923 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 178-185

Author(s):

Mayara Wesley da Silva ◽

Laise Guerra Barbosa ◽

José Eduardo Santos Barboza da Silva ◽

Keylan Silva Guirra ◽

Diego Rangel da Silva Gama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Primary Root ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Optimum Temperature ◽

Salt Stress Tolerance ◽

Germination Process ◽

The Ideal

Zephyranthes sylvatica is a beautiful lily, endemic from the Brazilian Caatinga. Although it has a great ornamental potential, little is known about this species, especially regarding its seeds germination process. Aiming to characterize the germination of Z. sylvatica seeds, we studied its imbibition curve, optimum temperature and substrate for germination and seedling emergence, osmotic and salt stress tolerance, as well as the tolerance to frosting/ defrosting, which indicates long term cryostorage potential. The germination of Z. sylvatica presents a triphasic model of imbibition, in which the primary root protrusion occurs after 72 hours of imbibition. The ideal conditions for evaluating seed germination of Z. sylvatica is 25 ºC, in paper rolls. These seeds are highly tolerant to osmotic stress, but not to salt stress. Z. sylvatica seeds can be cryopreservated without loss of germination and seed vigor.

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SETTINGS OF TEMPERATURE AND TIME SAVING ON SEED GERMINATION OF Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre

BIOVALENTIA Biological Research Journal ◽

10.24233/biov.4.1.2018.86 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Odetta Maudy Nuradinda ◽

Sri Pertiwi Estuningsih ◽

Harmida Harmida

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Temperature Treatment ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Time Saving ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Vigor Index ◽

Germination Vigor ◽

Physiology Laboratory

Setting storage space temperature and time saving becomes an important application in supporting the development of plantations to provide seeds as needed and sustainable. The purpose of this research is to delay the rapid of seed germination in Magnolia champaca by assessing the effect of various suspend temperatures and times saving on seed germination of Magnolia camphaca . The research was conducted in Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University in February until June 2016. The method was used completely randomized design pattern Factorial by 3 factors with 12 treatments and 3 replications with the temperature: temperature ± 31°C, temperature ± 25 °C, temperature ± 18 °C, temperature ± 4 °C and the retention of time 0 week, 2 weeks , 4 weeks and 6 weeks. The parameters include the observation of germination rate, germination, vigor index and sprout morphology. The results of the research the treatment of interaction of temperature and time saving significantly affected on germination rate, germination and seed vigor index of Magnolia champaca. Germination speed, germination and vigor index were both produced by the treatment of storage at a temperature of ± 18 °C and a temperature of ± 25 °C at all times to keep (2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks) compared to control treatment. A normal sprout produced in temperature treatment ± 18 °C and ± 25 °C temperature ranges between 90-93%. An abnormal sprout produced in control treatment (0 week) by 25%. Measurement of moisture content and physiological maturity level of Magnolia champaca seed needs to be done before it is stored and germinated to test the viability of seeds of sprouts.

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Research on Detection Method of Pea Seed Vigor based on Hyperspectral Imaging Technology

International Journal of Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing ◽

10.46300/9106.2021.15.116 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 1072-1083

Author(s):

Luo Qinjuan ◽

Wang Lianming ◽

Zhao Xiaoqing ◽

Qian Hua ◽

Yan Lei

Keyword(s):

Hyperspectral Imaging ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Detection Method ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Band Spectrum ◽

Imaging Technology ◽

Full Band ◽

Pea Seeds ◽

Pea Seed

Rapid and noninvasive detection methods of seed vigor, an important index to evaluate seed quality, have been the research focus in recent years. In this paper, the detection method of pea seed vigor based on hyperspectral imaging technology was researched. First, the spectral images of different vigor grade samples with artificial aging were captured, and the original spectrum was pretreated with multiple scattering correction. Secondly, SPA and PCA were used to select respective bands. Finally, PLS-DA and LS-SVM model were established to identify the seed vigor of the pea seed, based on the whole band spectrum, the characteristic bands extracted by SPA and PCA respectively. The results showed that PLS-DA and LS-SVM models are effective, but LS-SVM had better performance. Through comparison, the method using full band spectrum was more accurate, the efficiency of method using 5 characteristic bands extracted by PCA was the highest while the way of extracting the representative band by SPA was the most meaningful to this study which achieved similar accuracy to the full band with only 20 bands. The SPA-LS-SVM method afforded the recognition accuracy (100%) for modeling set and validation set used to determine the vigor of pea seeds. The overall results suggest that hyperspectral imaging technology is useful for classification of different vitality pea seeds with non-destructive manner, which can provide a basis for further development of online scoring devices

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Seed Germination and Storage of the Endangered Species Manglietia crassipes Y. W. Law (Magnoliaceae)

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae7030042 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 42

Author(s):

Ai-Hua Wang ◽

Xiao-Ling Yu ◽

Yan-Yan Liu ◽

Shu-Gang Chen ◽

Fa-Guo Wang

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Endangered Species ◽

Seed Dormancy ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Water Control ◽

Critically Endangered Species ◽

Germination Characteristics

Manglietia crassipes, a critically endangered species narrowly distributed on Mount Dayao in Guangxi, China, is also a species of ornamental interest whose variability has not been explored. Key factors leading to its endangerment have also not been studied. Here, two experiments were conducted to test the effects of different plant growth regulators and different storage conditions on germination characteristics of M. crassipes seeds. Fruit morphology was measured, and germination characteristics of fresh mature seeds were tested in order to assess natural seed vigor. Seeds were soaked in distilled water (control), or gibberellic acid (GA3), 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) or indoleacetic acid (IAA) solutions of different concentrations, for 48 h to determine their effects on seed germination. In addition, the effects of different seed storage conditions (constant 4 °C, −7 °C, −20 °C, or 25 °C for 100 days, wet stratification at 4 °C for 100 days) on seed germination were investigated. Results showed that the abortive rate of the mature fruits was high (28.9%) and fresh natural seeds had a low germination rate (G) and germination index (GI). Seed germination was inhibited with 6-BA at all concentrations, but only at less than 100 m·L−1 IAA; otherwise, IAA slightly promoted seed germination. GA3 broke seed dormancy and significantly accelerated seed germination by improving G, GI and initial germination time (IGT), especially over 2500 mg·L−1. The viability of seeds declined no matter how they were stored. However, 4 °C wet stratification storage was preferable for seed vigor and germination power. Our results suggest that the high abortive rate of fruits, low germination of the natural seed, seed dormancy and its intolerance to storage, contributed to the endangerment of M. crassipes. GA3 can break M. crassipes seed dormancy, which can be a benefit for future ornamental breeding and further protection or conservation.

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Overcoming Dormancy and Influence of Light on the Physiological Quality of Senna cana (Fabaceae) Seeds

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2019/v32i530116 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Jordânia X. Medeiros ◽

Ana L. P. Feliciano ◽

Valderez P. Matos ◽

Girlânio H. Silva ◽

Yana S. Lopes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Seed Dormancy ◽

Native Species ◽

Red Light ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Light Regimes ◽

Germination Process ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Mean Germination Time

Environmental factors affect the germination process, like the presence of seed coat and the quality of light; these informations are still scarce for many native species from Brazil, especially for Senna cana, which there are no adequate standards and methodologies to be used in germination tests. The aim of this research was to recommend adequate pre-germinative treatment(s) to overcome seed dormancy, and determine the degree of influence of different light regimes in seed germination of S. cana. Two experiments were carried out: T1-evaluation of different methods of dormancy overcoming (intact seeds (control), T2-imbibition of the intact seeds for 24 hours (in distilled water), T3-scarified seeds with sandpaper n° 100 in the hilum opposite region, T4-scarified seeds with sandpaper n° 100 in the region the hilo opposite region and imbibition in water (in distilled water) for 24 hours; T5-imbibition in water at 80°C); 2-Influence of light quality on seed germination and vigor (white light, red light, far red light and absence of light). The evaluated parameters were: first germination count, percentage of germination, IVG (Germination speed index), MGT (Mean germination time). Treatments were compared by Tukey at 5% probability. The best method for overcoming seed dormancy was mechanical scarification with sandpaper nº 100. The germination of the seeds of S. cana can be classified as indifferent to the luminosity, despite germinative response be greater under white and red light.

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Germination and vigor of stored Jatropha (Jatropha curcars L.) seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v40n1183431 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 52-59

Author(s):

Solange Carvalho Barrios Roveri Jose ◽

Antonieta Nassif Salomão ◽

Luis Alberto Martins Palhares de Melo ◽

Izulmé Rita Imaculada Santos ◽

Bruno Galvêas Laviola

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Initial Moisture Content ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Plastic Bag ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Jatropha Seeds ◽

Seed Water Content

Abstract: Jatropha seeds are classified as orthodox. However, since it is an oil seed species, adequate storage conditions are required to ensure their longevity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological quality of jatropha seeds stored in different environments and packaging, for periods of 3, 9 and 15 months. Three types of seed packaging bags (high density plastic bag, aluminized envelope and multiwall paper bag) were used, and the storage environments were cold and dry chamber (20 °C and 15% RH, constant), refrigerator (7 ± 3 °C, 48 ± 8% RH) and laboratory conditions (25 ± 3 °C, 51 ± 7% RH). The initial moisture content and seed germination were 7.1% and 89%, respectively. During storage, the physiological quality (germination and vigor) and moisture content of the seeds were evaluated. Seed water content ranged from 3.3 to 7.7%, depending on the permeability of the packaging and the storage environment. The highest longevity (15 months) without loss of viability was observed for jatropha seeds with initial moisture of 7.1%, packed in semipermeable plastic. Seed vigor was maintained, regardless of the environment and the type of packaging used, for up to nine months of storage.

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