scholarly journals The action of prolyl-leucyl-glycinamide (PLG) on the nigrostriatal pathway of the rat

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
João S. Pereira ◽  
Luiz Augusto F. Andrade ◽  
Paulo H. F. Bertolucci ◽  
J. Geraldo Camargo Lima ◽  
Henrique B. Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Electrolytic Lesion ◽  
Behavior Model ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Nigrostriatal Pathway ◽  
Rem Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Hypothalamic Region ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine ◽  
Higher Doses

In order to study the nigrostriatal pathway, we obtained the rotatory behavior model in male Wistar rats by electrolytic lesion of the left lateral hypothalamic region. Animals thus lesioned displayed rotations toward the same side of lesion when apomorphine was administered, a result in disagreement with what has been obtained in the model with 6-hydroxydopamine lesion. The administration of PLG alone was not followed by rotatory behavior but when the compound was administered in low doses (0.25 to 1mg/kg) simultaneously with apomorphine to animals previously submitted to REM sleep deprivation, a significant increase in the number of rotations was observed in comparison with controls and groups receiving higher doses of PLG. These results indicate that PLG may act as, a modulator on dopamine receptors in the striatum.

scholarly journals Benefit effect of REM-sleep deprivation on memory impairment induced by intensive exercise in male wistar rats: with respect to hippocampal BDNF and TrkB

2019 ◽  
Vol Volume 11 ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Mahboubi ◽  
Mohammad Nasehi ◽  
Alireza Imani ◽  
Mitra-Sadat Sadat-Shirazi ◽  
Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Rem Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Intensive Exercise ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The beneficial effect of vanillin on 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-373
Author(s):  
Rasha Abuthawabeh ◽  
Amjad N. Abuirmeileh ◽  
Karem H. Alzoubi
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Striatal Dopamine ◽  
Intracerebral Injection ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is related to neuroinflammation. Vanillin, which possesses both antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, can be a candidate for neuroprotection in PD. Objective: This study was aimed to investigate the effects of vanillin on the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rodent model of PD. Methods: Male Wistar rats were administrated intraperitoneal (i.p) or oral vanillin at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day for 7 days that was started at three days before or seven days after intracerebral injection of 6-OHDA. The 6-OHDA-induced lesions were assessed behaviorally using the apomorphine rotation test, neurochemically via measuring striatal dopamine concentrations, and through immunohistochemistry. Results: Both oral and IP vanillin at three days before or seven days after 6-OHDA lesioning exhbited significantly lower tight contralateral rotations upon apomorphine challenge, and higher striatal dopamine concentrations. Conclusions: Vanillin seems to offer protective properties against 6-OHDA lesion via preserving striatal dopamine levels.

scholarly journals Kleinhovia hospita extract alleviates experimental hepatic and renal toxicities induced by a combination of antituberculosis drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Yulia Yusrini Djabir ◽  
Aryadi Arsyad ◽  
Mufidah Murdifin ◽  
Rosany Tayeb ◽  
Muhammad Nur Amir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Antituberculosis Drugs ◽  
Biomarker Analysis ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Tissue Damages ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Higher Doses

Introduction: Antituberculosis drugs are associated with hepatic and renal toxicities due to drug’s radical metabolites. Kleinhovia hospita L extract possesses a potent antioxidant capacity that can be beneficial in eradication of oxidative-induced cell damage. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of K. hospita hydro-alcoholic extract on biomarkers and structure changes in liver and kidney induced by a combination of antituberculosis drugs (CAD), comprising isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats were assigned into one of the five groups: control, CAD, and CAD with K. hospita extract in three different doses (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg). The extract was administered three hours prior to CAD and all treatments were carried out for 28 days. Following the last day of treatment, blood samples and organs were collected for biomarker analysis and histopathological examinations. Results: Twenty-eight days of CAD treatment in rats induced marked elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum creatinine and urea levels compared to controls. K. hospita extract at higher doses (250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) significantly improved ALT, urea and creatinine levels in the rats treated with CAD (P<0.05), although it did not significantly reduce AST. Furthermore, liver and renal tissue damages induced by CAD were restored with K. hospita extract treatment, especially at higher doses. Conclusion: Kleinhovia hospita extract treatment has the potential to protect the liver and renal damage induced by toxic doses of CAD.

scholarly journals Cognitive-Enhancing Effect of Quercetin in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease Induced by 6-Hydroxydopamine

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Napatr Sriraksa ◽  
Jintanaporn Wattanathorn ◽  
Supaporn Muchimapura ◽  
Somsak Tiamkao ◽  
Kamoltip Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Neuron Density ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Oxidative stress has been reported to induce cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. This paper aimed to determine the effect of quercetin, a substance possessing antioxidant activity, on the cognitive function in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Male Wistar rats, weighing 200–250 g, were orally given quercetin at doses of 100, 200, 300 mg/kg BW once daily for a period of 14 days before and 14 days after the unilateral lesion of right substantia nigra induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Their spatial memory was assessed at 7 and 14 days of treatment and neuron density was determined, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were evaluated at the end of the experiment. In addition, the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was also measured. It was found that all doses of quercetin enhanced spatial memory. Therefore, it is suggested that the cognitive-enhancing effect of quercetin occurs partly because of decreased oxidative damage resulting in increased neuron density.

Effect of Khatamines and Their Enantiomers on Plasma Triiodothyronine and Thyroxine Levels in Normal Wistar Rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.W. Islam ◽  
M. Tariq ◽  
F.S. El-Feraly ◽  
I.A. Al-Meshal
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Peak Effect ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Catha Edulis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Plasma Triiodothyronine

The effect of cathinone and N-formylnorephedrine, two psychoactive amines of khat (Catha edulis Forsk.) and their enantiomers have been studied on plasma levels of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in male Wistar rats. The rats were injected with 5, 10 and 30 mg/kg. body weight of four khatamines and the blood samples were collected 2 h after administration. In the separate set of experiments the effect of these khatamines at 1, 2 and 4 h after their administration was also examined. All khatamines failed to produce a significant dose dependent increase in T3 and T4 levels in the dose of 5 mg/kg. However, all these compounds produced a significant dose dependent increase in T3 and T4 levels at higher doses but only T4 levels were increased following the dose of 10 mg/kg. Our studies on the effect of khatamines in T3 and T4 levels at various time showed a significant increase in T4 levels in all the four groups treated with various khatamines and the peak effect was observed in 2 h in case of (-)- and (+)-cathinone and 4 h in case of (-) and (+)N-formylnorephedrine. This study suggests that the symptoms observed in khat chewers including hyperthermia, anorexia, and metabolic changes may to some extent be attributed to the thyroid stimulating effect of khatamines. However, further studies are needed to establish the mechanism of release of thyroid hormones by these compounds and their involvement in the pharmacological effects.

scholarly journals Differences in adrenal steroid hormones production in pubertal rats exposed to low doses of endocrine disruptor DDT during prenatal and postnatal development

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Yaglova ◽  
D.A. Tsomartova ◽  
V.V. Yaglov
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Endocrine Disruptor ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Adrenal Steroid ◽  
Steroid Profile ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Circulatory Disorders

Production of adrenal steroid hormones in pubertal male Wistar rats exposed to low doses of DDT during both prenatal and postnatal and only postnatal development was evaluated. Altered production of all types of steroid hormones and serum steroid profile with opposite changes in rats exposed prenatally and postnatally, and only postnatally was found. The study showed that daily exposure to low doses of DDT enhanced conversion of progesterone to 17OH-progesterone and did not exert selective antiandrogenic or proestrogenic action unlike effect of toxic and subtoxic doses. Impaired morphogenesis of the adrenal cortex and circulatory disorders in zona glomerulosa contributed to reduced aldosterone and sex steroid hormones production.

scholarly journals Magnesium supplements affect selected cadmium toxic actions and uptake of repeated doses of cadmium

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Grosicki ◽  
Paweł Małagocki ◽  
Anna Kycko ◽  
Jerzy Monkiewicz ◽  
Waldemar Korol
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Repeated Doses ◽  
Higher Doses

Abstract The importance of magnesium supplements on organ retention of cadmium and allometric parameters after repeated exposure to cadmium chloride were studied in male Wistar rats. Magnesium chloride was given via drinking water (500 mg Mg/L) to rats exposed intragastrically to cadmium chloride (labelled with cadmium 109) at a daily dose corresponding to 25 mg/kg diet for 7, 14, 21, and 28 d. Supplements of magnesium temporarily decreased cadmium retention in the duodenum and liver. No significant differences in cadmium retention were evidenced in the kidneys and testicles. The supplements of magnesium also retain more of the body weight gains and restore the relative liver and testicle weight in rats intoxicated with cadmium. Comparison of the present results with earlier reports suggests a relationship between doses of magnesium and cadmium; higher doses of cadmium need more magnesium to overcome toxic action of the heavy metal.

Structural and functional renal alterations in five-sixth nephrectomized rats on unrestricted diet

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 342-343
Author(s):  
I. Stachura ◽  
M. Pardo ◽  
J. Costello ◽  
D.M. Landwehr
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Phosphate Intake ◽  
Dietary Restrictions ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Unrestricted Diet ◽  
Progressive Renal Insufficiency

Under experimental conditions severe reduction of renal mass results in the hyperfiltration of the remaining nephrons leading to a progressive renal insufficiency. Similar changes are observed in patients with various renal disorders associated with a loss of the functioning nephrons. The progression of renal damage is accelerated by high protein and phosphate intake, and may be modified by the dietary restrictions.We studied 50 five-sixth nephrectarrized male Wistar rats on a standard diet (Rodent Laboratory Chow 5001 Ralston Purina Co., Richmond, Indiana; containing 23.4% protein) over a 20 week period.

Trans-resveratrol supplement lowers lipid peroxidation responses of exercise in male Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Nasiri ◽  
Saja Ahmadizad ◽  
Mehdi Hedayati ◽  
Tayebe Zarekar ◽  
Mehdi Seydyousefi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Acute Response ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Control

Abstract. Physical exercise increases free radicals production; antioxidant supplementation may improve the muscle fiber’s ability to scavenge ROS and protect muscles against exercise-induced oxidative damage. This study was designed to examine the effects of all-trans resveratrol supplementation as an antioxidant to mediate anti-oxidation and lipid per-oxidation responses to exercise in male Wistar rats. Sixty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal number (n = 16) including training + supplement (TS), training (T), supplement (S) and control (C) group. The rats in TS and S groups received a dose of 10 mg/kg resveratrol per day via gavage. The training groups ran on a rodent treadmill 5 times per week at the speed of 10 m/min for 10 min; the speed gradually increased to 30 m/min for 60 minutes at the end of 12th week. The acute phase of exercise protocol included a speed of 25 m/min set to an inclination of 10° to the exhaustion point. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) activity, non-enzymatic antioxidants bilirubin, uric acid, lipid peroxidation levels (MDA) and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured after the exercise termination. The data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA. The result showed that endurance training caused a significant increase in MDA level [4.5 ± 0.75 (C group) vs. 5.9 ± 0.41 nmol/l (T group)] whereas it decreased the total antioxidant capacity [8.5 ± 1.35 (C group) vs. 7.1 ± 0.55 mmol/l (T group)] (p = 0.001). In addition, GPx and CAT decreased but not significantly (p > 0.05). The training and t-resveratrol supplementation had no significant effect on the acute response of all variables except MDA [4.3 ± 1.4 (C group) vs. 4.0 ± 0.90 nmol/l (TS group)] (p = 0.001) and TAC [8.5 ± 0.90 (C group) vs. 6.6 ± 0.80 mmol/l (TS group)] (p = 0.004). It was concluded that resveratrol supplementation may prevent exercise-induced oxidative stress by preventing lipid peroxidation.

Involvement of 5-Hydroxytryptamine in Platelet Aggregation In Vivo in Rats and Guinea Pigs

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (03) ◽  
pp. 463-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
G M Smith
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Rat Platelets

SummaryIn this study, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) caused a dose- dependent fall in the circulating platelet count suggesting that 5-HT receptors are activated in rat platelets to cause platelet adhesion and aggregation. When low doses of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) were simultaneously injected with 5-HT, there was a significant potentiation of the responses to ADR Ketanserin significantly reduced the potentiated responses. When higher doses of ADP were infused with bolus injections of 5-HT there was no potentiation and ketanserin did not reduce these responses. Ketanserin did not inhibit the collagen-induced fall in circulating platelet count, but did significantly increase the rate of return to the basal platelet count compared with control. 5-HT did not cause a fall in platelet count in guinea-pigs

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