scholarly journals Is adolescent pregnancy a risk factor for low birth weight?

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alzira Maria D'avila Nery Guimarães ◽  
Heloísa Bettiol ◽  
Luiz De Souza ◽  
Ricardo Q Gurgel ◽  
Maria Luiza Dória Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether adolescent pregnancy is a risk factor for low birth weight (LBW) babies. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of mothers and their newborns from a birth cohort in Aracaju, Northeastern Brazil. Data were collected consecutively from March to July 2005. Information collected included socioeconomic, biological and reproductive aspects of the mothers, using a standardized questionnaire. The impact of early pregnancy on birth weight was evaluated by multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: We studied 4,746 pairs of mothers and their babies. Of these, 20.6% were adolescents (< 20 years of age). Adolescent mothers had worse socioeconomic and reproductive conditions and perinatal outcomes when compared to other age groups. Having no prenatal care and smoking during pregnancy were the risk factors associated with low birth weight. Adolescent pregnancy, when linked to marital status "without partner", was associated with an increased proportion of low birth weight babies. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescence was a risk factor for LBW only for mothers without partners. Smoking during pregnancy and lack of prenatal care were considered to be independent risk factors for LBW.

scholarly journals Geospatial analysis of determinants of neonatal mortality in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Duah Dwomoh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Multiple Births ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Ghana did not meet the Millennium Development Goal 4 of reducing child mortality by two-thirds and may not meet SDG (2030). There is a need to direct scarce resources to mitigate the impact of the most important risk factors influencing high neonatal deaths. This study applied both spatial and non-spatial regression models to explore the differential impact of environmental, maternal, and child associated risk factors on neonatal deaths in Ghana. Methods The study relied on data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys (GDHS) and the Ghana Maternal Health Survey (GMHS) conducted between 1998 and 2017 among 49,908 women of reproductive age and 31,367 children under five (GDHS-1998 = 3298, GDHS-2003 = 3844, GDHS-2008 = 2992, GDHS-2014 = 5884, GMHS-2017 = 15,349). Spatial Autoregressive Models that account for spatial autocorrelation in the data at the cluster-level and non-spatial statistical models with appropriate sampling weight adjustment were used to study factors associated with neonatal deaths, and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Population density, multiple births, smaller household sizes, high parity, and low birth weight significantly increased the risk of neonatal deaths over the years. Among mothers who had multiple births, the risk of having neonatal deaths was approximately four times as high as the risk of neonatal deaths among mothers who had only single birth [aRR = 3.42, 95% CI: 1.63–7.17, p < 0.05]. Neonates who were perceived by their mothers to be small were at a higher risk of neonatal death compared to very large neonates [aRR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.19–3.63, p < 0.05]. A unit increase in the number of children born to a woman of reproductive age was associated with a 49% increased risk in neonatal deaths [aRR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.30–1.69, p < 0.05]. Conclusion Neonatal mortality in Ghana remains relatively high, and the factors that predisposed children to neonatal death were birth size that were perceived to be small, low birth weight, higher parity, and multiple births. Improving pregnant women’s nutritional patterns and providing special support to women who have multiple deliveries will reduce neonatal mortality in Ghana.

scholarly journals Low Birth Weight Prevalence in Children Diagnosed with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Dubai

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110317
Author(s):  
Faisal A. Nawaz ◽  
Meshal A. Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of low birth weight and other perinatal risk factors in children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders. This is one of the first studies in the Arabian Gulf region focused on the contribution of these factors toward the development of various disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and other mental disorders. This descriptive study was based on qualitative data analysis. We reviewed retrospective information from the electronic medical records of 692 patients in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The prevalence of low birth weight in children with mental disorders was significantly higher as compared to the general population (16% vs 6% respectively). Furthermore, other risk factors, including high birth weight and preterm birth were noted to have a significant association with neurodevelopmental disorders. Future research on the impact of perinatal risk factors will contribute to advancement of early intervention guidelines.

scholarly journals Maternal smoking during pregnancy and socioeconomic factors as predictors of low birth weight in term pregnancies in Nis

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miodrag Stojanovic ◽  
Vladmila Bojanic ◽  
Dijana Musovic ◽  
Zoran Milosevic ◽  
Dusica Stojanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Children Health ◽  
Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy

Background/Aim. Low birth weight (LBW) is a result of preterm birth or intrauterine growth retardation, and in both cases is the strongest single factor associated with perinatal and neonatal mortality. It is considered that socioeconomic factors, as well as mothers bad habits, play the most significant role in the development of LBW, which explains notable number of researches focused on this particular problem. The aim of this study was to characterize socioeconomic factors, as well as smoking habits of the mothers, and their connection with LBW. Methods. The questionnaire was carried out among mothers of 2 years old children (n = 956), born after 37 gestational weeks. The characteristics of mothers who had children with LBW, defined as < 2 500 g, (n = 50), were matched with the characteristics of mothers who had children ? 2 500 g, (n = 906). For defining risk factors, and protective factors as well, we used univariant and multivariant logistic modeles. Results. As significant risk factors for LBW in an univariant model we had education level of the mothers, smoking during pregnancy, smoking before pregnancy, the number of daily cigarettes, the number of cigarettes used during pregnancy, paternal earnings and socioeconomic factors. In a multivariant model the most significant factors were socioeconomic factors, education level of the mothers, paternal earnings and mothers smoking during pregnancy. Conclusion. Smoking during pregnancy and socioeconomic factors have great influence on LBW. Future studies should be carried out in different social groups, with the intention to define their influence on LBW and reproduction, as well. This should be the proper way of adequate health breeding planning for giving up smoking, the prevention of bad habits and melioration of mothers and children health, as the most vulnerable population.

scholarly journals Effects of a Prenatal Care Intervention for Adolescent Mothers on Birth Weight, Repeat Pregnancy, and Educational Outcomes at One Year Postpartum

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Ford ◽  
Linda Weglicki ◽  
Trace Kershaw ◽  
Cheryl Schram ◽  
Paulette J. Hoyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pregnant Adolescents ◽  
One Year ◽  
Experimental Group

About one-third of adolescent mothers receive inadequate prenatal care, and babies born to young mothers are more likely to be of low birth weight. The objective of this study is to evaluate a peer-centered prenatal care program for adolescent mothers. Pregnant adolescents were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group in a mastery modeling peer-support intervention designed to improve long- and short-term perinatal outcomes. A sample of 282 urban pregnant adolescents (94% African American, 4% Caucasian, 2% other) participated in the study. Participants were recruited from five clinics located mainly in Detroit, Michigan. Participants in the experimental group received care in a small group setting and learned to perform critical measurements with a peer partner during prenatal visits. Participants in the control group received individual prenatal care in the same clinics. Outcome measures included birth weight, years of schooling completed at one year postpartum, planned and unplanned pregnancy at one year postpartum, and employment and school attendance at one year postpartum. Mothers in the experimental group had a lower rate of low birth weight (6.6% vs. 12.5%, p=0.08). The rate of unplanned pregnancy was also lower for adolescents in the experimental group (13.4% vs. 15.9%), although this difference was not statistically significant. Adolescents who participated in the intervention were more likely to have continued their education during the pregnancy and the postpartum year. The mastery modeling, peer-centered, prenatal care program produced some positive pregnancy outcomes for adolescent mothers.

Cocaine use during pregnancy and low birth weight: The impact of prenatal care and drug treatment

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Chazotte ◽  
Joan Youchah ◽  
Margaret Comerford Freda
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Maternal risk factors for low birth weight of neonates in al- diwaniyah province, iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1904-1909
Author(s):  
Adel J. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Maternal Risk

The LBW infants as weighting less than 2.5kg at birth. Infants with low birth weight are probable to suffer medical troubles and delay development from the time of delivery to adult life. This study was planned to discover the prevalence of LBW infants in Ad-Diwaniyah city (Iraq) and the maternal risk factors, which contribute to the occurrence of low birth weight, and it is rated and what the suitable recommendations can be made to prevent this problem.  Unfortunately, in Iraq, several studies reveal an increase in the delivery of LBW infants in the last years. The present study was aimed to identify the prevalence of LBW and possible maternal factors in children, teaching hospital in Al-Diwaniyah city during the period of the beginning of February 2017 to February 2018. This is a cross-sectional survey held out in Pediatric, teaching hospital through 1012 pregnant mothers giving a live LBW. Whole children weight on a weighing machine. Data was collected through the interview of mothers. Maternal age and education level, socioeconomic condition, number of prenatal visits, interpregnancy interval and maternal diseases, and infant gender were registered in questionnaire format. The result of the current study detects that the rate of LBW was 20.2%. The highest percentage of them (LBW) was preterm 67.4% and full, term (IUGR) 32.5%. 61.5% of the children in the LBW group were male, and 38.4% were female.  Besides the outcome indicates that there are many important risk factors contributed to the incidence of LBW, these are; multiple pregnancies were found to be 66.8% of LBW infants,  maternal age 21 – 35 years (39.7%),  lack of Prenatal Care (60.3%),  delivery by cesarean section (70.6%),  mothers who illiterate (64.8%),  a large number of mothers from the rural area (68.6%),  the presence of maternal diseases (63.5%),  all these are considered a risk factor. The current study demonstrates the essential elements give rise to low birth weight in neonates are gestational age (preterm delivery), maternal education and age, multiple births, regular prenatal care, cesarean section, and bad obstetric history.

scholarly journals Does a Rising Median Income Lift All Birth Weights? County Median Income Changes and Low Birth Weight Incidence Rates for Black and White Americans

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Stuart Curtis ◽  
Thomas E Fuller-Rowell ◽  
Daniel L. Carlson ◽  
Ming Wen ◽  
Michael R. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Median Income ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Black And White

Differences in low birth weight incidence (LBW) by race and place are long-standing, often embedded in enduring social ecologies where insufficient health resources are paired with an array of risk factors. Local or group-specific economic resources are known to be a fundamental contributor to these social ecologies, yet few studies have investigated how within-area changing economic conditions are linked to birth outcomes. This study examines county-level change in median income and black-white income differences as predictors of LBW incidence and LBW racial disparities. Time-varying county prevalence and black-white differences in maternal sociodemographic and health risk factors (e.g., non-marital childbearing, smoking during pregnancy) are considered as explanations for income estimates. Data come from U.S. birth records for approximately 24.8 million non-Hispanic black and white mothers with a singleton live birth (1992-2014). Records were aggregated in three-year county-period measurements for the 732 counties meeting eligibility requirements. Based on county by period fixed effects models, a $10,000 increase in county median income was associated with a reduction in LBW incidence of 2.7 per 1000 live births, and in the black-white LBW gap by 5.6 per 1000. Time-varying county maternal sociodemographic and health risks attenuated the link between median income and LBW by 72% and 31%, respectively, but not the association between median income and the racial LBW gap. Contrary to our hypothesis, conditioning on median income changes, a widening racial income difference was associated with a smaller black-white LBW gap (a finding explored in post hoc analyses). Our results suggest that, if successful in raising median income, local government efforts to stimulate economic growth and employment opportunities are likely to reduce both population incidence and black-white differences in LBW. [This draft paper is intended for review and comments only. It is not intended for citation, quotation, or other use in any form]

scholarly journals Low Birth Weight as Risk Factor of Pneumonia Child in Primary Health Care of Surabaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Vania Ayu Puspamaniar ◽  
Retno Asih Setyoningrum ◽  
Dwi Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Primary Health

Introduction: Pneumonia is an infectious disease attacking lower respiratory tract. It has one of the highest number of world’s mortality and morbidity in children. Many risk factors are suspected as the reasons why the disease still occur a lot. One of the major risk factors is birth weight which makes their immune system immature and easier to get various complications and infections. The aim of this study is to analyze birth weight as risk factor of pneumonia in children under 5 years old. Methods: This was an analytical study with case control design. This study was held in Primary Health Care of Tambakrejo, from August to December 2017. The sample size was 22 respondents for each case and control group. Technique of sampling was total sampling. Secondary data were collected by medical records at the health center and Kartu Menuju Sehat (KMS). Data were entered into Microsoft Excel then statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS 22. The data were analyzed by Fisher’s Exact Test.Results: During August to December 2017, there were 22 respondents which were diagnosed with pneumonia in Tambakrejo Primary Health Center. Two of them (4.55%) had low birth weight and the rests had normal birth weight (95.45%). The analyze result stated that there is no significant correlation between pneumonia incidence and birth weight. Conclusion: Birth weight is one of pneumonia risk factors without significant impact.

Is adolescent pregnancy a risk factor for low birth weight?

1998 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gladys G.B. Mariotoni ◽  
Antônio A. Barros Filho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy

scholarly journals Very Low Birth Weight and Perinatal Periods of Risk: Disparities in St. Louis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Xaverius ◽  
Joanne Salas ◽  
Deborah Kiel ◽  
Candice Woolfolk
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Perinatal Periods Of Risk

Objective. Very low birth weight (VLBW) is a significant issue in St. Louis, Missouri. Our study evaluated risk factors associated with VLBW in this predominantly urban community.Methods. From 2000 to 2009, birth and fetal death certificates were evaluated (n=160, 189), and mortality rates were calculated for perinatal periods of risk. The Kitagawa method was used to explore fetoinfant mortality rates (FIMR) in terms of birth weight distribution and birthweight specific mortality. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the magnitude of association of selected risk factors with VLBW.Results. VLBW contributes to 50% of the excess FIMR in St. Louis City and County. The highest proportion of VLBW can be attributed to black maternal race (40.6%) in St. Louis City, inadequate prenatal care (19.8%), and gestational hypertension (12.0%) among black women. Medicaid was found to have a protective effect for VLBW among black women (population attributable risk (PAR) = −14.5).Discussion. Interventions targeting the health of women before and during conception may be most successful at reducing the disparities in VLBW in this population. Interventions geared towards smoking cessation and improvements in Medicaid and prenatal care access for black mothers and St. Louis City residents can greatly reduce VLBW rates.

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