Growth and nutrient concentration in coffee root system under weed species competition

The effects of competition of six weed species on growth, nutrient concentration and nutrient content of coffee plant root system under greenhouse conditions were evaluated. Thirty days after coffee seedling transplantation into 12 L pots with soil level area of 6.5 dm². Weeds were transplanted or sowed in these pots, at densities of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 plants per pot. The duration of competition (or weedy periods) from weed transplantation or emergence until plant harvesting, at the weed preflowering stage, were (in days): 77 (Bidens pilosa), 180 (Commelina diffusa), 82 (Leonurus sibiricus), 68 (Nicandra physaloides), 148 (Richardia brasiliensis) and 133 (Sida rhombifolia). Dry matter of coffee plants was linearly reduced with increasing B. pilosa and S. rhombifolia density, with pronounced effect of B. pilosa. C. diffusa was the only weed species whose increasing density in the pots did not diminish crop root dry matter. L. sibiricus, N. physaloides and R. brasiliensis reduced root dry matter of coffee plants by 75, 52 and 47%, respectively, as compared to the weed-free treatment, regardless of weed density. Under competition, even though weed species showed lower macronutrient concentration in the roots (except for P), they accumulated 4.2 (N), 12.3 (P), 4.3 (K), 5.5 (Ca), 7.6 (Mg) and 4.4 (S) times more nutrients in the roots than the coffee plants. Crop and weed nutrient concentration, as well as competition degrees greatly varied depending on both weed species and densities.

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Crescimento e desenvolvimento de Hemerocallis fulva submetidos a doses de nitrogênio e fósforo

Ornamental Horticulture ◽

10.14295/oh.v21i3.738 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 351

Author(s):

Francimar Perez Matheus da Silva ◽

Graziane Maria Giacon ◽

Jackeline Schultz Soares ◽

Yara Brito Chaim Jardim Rosa ◽

Derek Brito Chaim Jardim Rosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root System ◽

Plant Root ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Phosphorus Fertilization ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Coverage Area ◽

P Content ◽

Plant Root System

The objective was to evaluate the effect of different doses of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and development of Hemerocallis fulva variety Flore Full, herbaceous perennial widely used in landscaping. The experimental design was randomized blocks with 25 treatments, arranged in a factorial 5 x 5 (0; 75; 150; 225 and 300 kg ha-1 N and 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg ha-1 P), with 4 replicates. The phosphorus fertilization was carried out 15 days after planting (DAP) and nitrogen was applied in coverage divided in three equal applications at 15, 120 and 240 DAP. There were evaluated the plant height, number of tillers per plant, soil coverage area, the fresh mass of plant, root system and shoot; and the dry mass of plant, root system and aerial part, and calculated the ratio of root dry mass and plant dry mass. It was also obtained the nutrient content of the leaf tissue and root system. The highest tillering was gained with the use of 150 kg ha-1 N combined with 400 kg ha-1 of P. Intermediate doses of N (75-170 kg ha-1 of N) showed higher production of plant fresh and dry mass and root dry mass. Doses of N and P influenced the N and P content in plant tissues of roots and leaves of Hemerocallis. Plants fertilized with 300 kg ha-1 of N and 273 kg ha -1 of P lead to the highest levels of N in the leaves and doses of 80 kg ha-1 of N and 68 kg ha-1 P, the highest content of P in the leaves of H. fulva. Already, in the roots, the highest N content was obtained with application of 300 kg ha-1 N in the presence of P and doses of 225 kg N ha-1 combined with 300 ha-1 P provided the highest P content in the roots.

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Spacial distribution of fertigated coffee root system

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/1413-70542016411021316 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 72-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marcelo Rossi Vicente ◽

Everardo Chartuni Mantovani ◽

André Luís Teixeira Fernandes ◽

Júlio César Lima Neves ◽

Edmilson Marques Figueredo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root System ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Root Length ◽

Root Length Density ◽

Plant Root ◽

Root Density ◽

Coffee Plant ◽

Coffee Plants ◽

Plant Root System ◽

Different Levels

ABSTRACT The development of coffee plant root system changes when subjected to drip irrigation and fertigation. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of fertigation on the development of coffee root system by drip irrigation in western Bahia. The experiment was carried out with Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144 coffee plants, of about 3.5 years of age, in the “Café do Rio Branco” farm, located in Barreiras - BA, and consisted of a complete randomized blocks design with 3 replicates. Treatments consisted of three levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (900/800, 600/500 and 300/250 kg ha-1 year-1 N and K2O), weekly distributed, by means of fertigation, throughout the process. After the fourth harvest, coffee root system was evaluated, and root length density (RLD) and root density (RD) were determined at different sampled layers. The highest root concentration, root length density (RLD), and root density (RD) were observed in the superficial layers of soil (0-20 cm), and under the dripline (30 and 70 cm from the orthotropic branch). Results showed that the lower the N and K2O levels, the higher was the development (RLD and RD) of the coffee root system.

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3D plant root system reconstruction based on fusion of deep structure-from-motion and IMU

Multimedia Tools and Applications ◽

10.1007/s11042-020-10069-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yawen Lu ◽

Yuxing Wang ◽

Zhanjie Chen ◽

Awais Khan ◽

Carl Salvaggio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root System ◽

Structure From Motion ◽

Deep Structure ◽

Plant Root ◽

System Reconstruction ◽

Plant Root System

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A 3D-printed, Arabidopsis Thaliana Root Imaging Platform

Lab on a Chip ◽

10.1039/d1lc00149c ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michel Moussus ◽

Matthias Meier

Keyword(s):

Molecular Dynamics ◽

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

High Resolution ◽

Root System ◽

Plant Root ◽

Microfluidic Platforms ◽

External Cues ◽

3D Printed ◽

Plant Root System ◽

Analytical Tools

High resolution live imaging promises new insights into the cellular and molecular dynamics of the plant root system in response to external cues. Microfluidic platforms are valuable analytical tools that...

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An easily operated apparatus to register the amount of the aqueous solution absorbed by a plant root system

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae ◽

10.5586/asbp.1972.013 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 187-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jerzy Czerski

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Root System ◽

Plant Root ◽

Plant Root System

An easily operated apparatus was constructed (figs. 1,2) allowing to register the amount of the aqueous solution absorbed by a planet root system. The device allows for simultaneous registering of the solution absorption by two plants. The recording of a definite volume of the absorbed solution can be controlled within wide limits. Experiments (figs. 3,4) confirmed the efficiency of the apparatus.

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A single ectomycorrhizal plant root system includes a diverse and spatially structured fungal community

Mycorrhiza ◽

10.1007/s00572-019-00889-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 167-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ella Thoen ◽

Anders B. Aas ◽

Unni Vik ◽

Anne K. Brysting ◽

Inger Skrede ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root System ◽

Fungal Community ◽

Plant Root ◽

Plant Root System

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Application of a Monopole Antenna Probe with an Optimized Flange Diameter for TDR Soil Moisture Measurement

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20082374 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (8) ◽

pp. 2374

Author(s):

Jacek Majcher ◽

Marcin Kafarski ◽

Andrzej Wilczek ◽

Aleksandra Woszczyk ◽

Agnieszka Szypłowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Root System ◽

Plant Root ◽

Time Domain Reflectometry ◽

Monopole Antenna ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Growth Monitoring ◽

Electromagnetic Simulations ◽

The Time Domain ◽

Plant Root System

Soil volumetric water content (θ) is a parameter describing one of the most important factors conditioning proper plant growth. Monitoring soil moisture is of particular importance in the rational use of water resources for irrigation, especially during periods of water scarcity. This paper presents a method of measuring soil moisture in the vicinity of the plant root system by means of a probe designed to be mounted on a mobile device used for precise plant irrigation. Due to the specific field conditions of the measurement, the design of the probe was proposed as a monopole antenna. Electromagnetic simulations of the probe were carried out with Ansys HFSS software to optimise its dimensions. Then a prototype of the probe was manufactured to conduct laboratory measurements with the use of a vector network analyser (VNA) working in the 20 kHz to 8 GHz frequency range. The VNA analyser was configured to work in the time-domain reflectometry (TDR) mode. From measurements of the time distance between reflections from the probe’s elements it is possible to calculate the bulk dielectric permittivity of the soil surrounding the probe. Next, based on commonly used soil moisture dielectric calibrations one can determine θ of the soil sample. The paper presents simulation results and laboratory tests of an antenna probe. Due to its tough and durable design, this type of probe gives the possibility of easy application in field conditions, which makes it especially suitable for mechanically demanding measurement systems. As the sensitivity zone is comparatively large, this probe is well-suited to measuring soil moisture in the vicinity of the plant root system.

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Evidence for Internalization of Escherichia coli into the Aerial Parts of Maize via the Root System†

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-70.2.471 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 471-475 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

NIRIT BERNSTEIN ◽

SHLOMO SELA ◽

RIKY PINTO ◽

MARINA IOFFE

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Root System ◽

Plant Root ◽

Root Tips ◽

Monocotyledonous Plant ◽

E Coli ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Growing Medium ◽

Maize Plants ◽

Plant Root System

Escherichia coli introduced into the hydroponic growing medium of maize plants was detected 48 h later in the shoot. Decapitation of root tips or severing of the plant root system at the root-shoot junction enhanced bacterial internalization. The density of the bacteria in shoots of plants with damaged roots or removed root systems was 27.8 and 23.9 times higher than that in plants with intact roots, respectively. The concentration of viable cells in the hydroponic solution decreased over time from 9.3 × 106 CFU/ml at the time of inoculation to 8.5 × 101 CFU/ml 4 days thereafter. The number of E. coli cells associated with the roots also decreased with time, but a significant decline appeared only at 4 days postinoculation. At the time of sampling for E. coli presence in the shoot, 102 CFU/ml was present in the nutrient solution and 8 × 103 CFU/g was associated with the roots. The present study is the first to demonstrate internalization of E. coli via the root in a monocotyledonous plant.

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