scholarly journals Initial Development of Eucalyptus According to Different Desiccation Periods of Signalgrass

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. GRAAT ◽  
A.L. BACHA ◽  
M.P. NEPOMUCENO ◽  
P.L.C.A. ALVES
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Red Latosol ◽  
Eucalyptus Urograndis ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

ABSTRACT: This study aimed at evaluating the effects of different desiccation periods of Urochloa decumbens on the initial development of Eucalyptus urograndis (clone C-219H). The experiment was conducted in 100 liter concrete boxes, previously filled with Dark-Red Latosol. U. decumbens was sown in all plots, except for the control sample without covering. After 95 days from sowing, the herbicide glyphosate (dose of 1,424 g a.e. ha-1) was sprayed at intervals of 0 (Apply-Plant), 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days before eucalyptus planting, plus a control sample without covering, totaling seven treatments. A completely randomized design with six replications was used. Eucalyptus plants were evaluated 30, 60 and 90 days after planting (DAP), when the height of the plants and the diameter of the stem were determined. At the end of the experimental period (90 DAP), the leaf area and the dry matter of leaves and stem were measured. It is possible to conclude that the Apply-Plant modality was harmful to some of the eucalyptus characteristics (E. urograndis - C-219H), while planting the seedlings in periods over 14 days after the desiccation of U. decumbens plants promoted a better development of the culture.

scholarly journals The Allelopathic Effect of Eucalyptus Leaf Extract on Grass Forage Seed

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.P. Carvalho ◽  
C.A.D. Melo ◽  
M.S. Machado ◽  
D.C.F.S. Dias ◽  
E.M. Alvarenga
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Eucalyptus Leaves ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Germination Vigor ◽  
Eucalyptus Urograndis

This study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effect of various concentrations of an aqueous extract of eucalyptus leaves on Urochloa decumbens and Panicum maximum seeds. The extract was prepared from Eucalyptus urograndis leaves that were milled and mixed with distilled water in a 1:9 milled leaves: water ratio to obtain an extract with a defined concentration of 100%. In addition, dilutions of 50%, 25% and 12.5% were prepared, and a 0% dilution was used as a control. The experiment followed a completely randomized design, with four replicates, each of 50 seeds of U. decumbens and 50 seeds of P. maximum, arranged on filter paper moistened with each concentration of extract in a Gerbox plastic box. The results demonstrated the allelopathic potential of E. urograndis aqueous extracts applied to the seeds of U. decumbens and P. maximum. The 50% and 100% concentrations of leaf extract most strongly inhibited the germination, vigor and seedling growth of U. decumbens and P. maximum. The germination speed index and the root length were the characteristics that were most affected by the potentially allelopathic substances contained in the eucalyptus extracts at all concentrations.

scholarly journals Effect of prey concentrations and salinized water on initial development of Pyrrhulina brevis (Steindachner, 1876), an Amazonian ornamental fish

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e381985582
Author(s):  
Leonnan Carlos Carvalho de Oliveira ◽  
Elviro dos Anjos Silva Neto ◽  
Arlindo dos Santos Pinheiro Junuior ◽  
Bruno José Corecha Fernandes Eiras ◽  
Galileu Crovatto Veras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Period ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Lower Survival Rate ◽  
Artemia Nauplii ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Final Length ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Length Gain

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different prey concentrations (50; 100; 150 and 200 artemia nauplii post-larvae-1 day-1) and salinized water (0; 1 and 2 g L-1) on larviculture of Pyrrhulina brevis, an Amazonian ornamental fish. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 4x3 factorial design, with three replicates. A total of 360 post-larvae were randomly distributed in 36 aquariums (1L), to 10 post-larvae L-1. At the end of the experimental period (15 days) the post-larvae were measured, weighed and counted. No interaction was identified between the prey concentrations and salinized water for all evaluated parameters. The best growth results, both for length and weight, were observed in the post-larvae that received 150 and 200 artemia nauplii post-larvae-1 day-1, while the lower survival rate was observed in post-larvae fed 50 and 100 artemia nauplii post-larvae-1 day-1. The final length and length gain were higher when the post-larvae were reared in salinized water at 1 and 2 g L-1, while the final weight, weight gain and specific growth rate were higher in post-larvae submitted to 1 g L-1 of salinized water. The uniformity of the batch for weight and length of the fish showed no significant difference, independent of the prey concentrations and salinized water used. Thus, the supply of 150 artemia nauplii post-larvae-1 day-1 in salinized water at 1 g L-1 is recommended during the first fed of Pyrrhulina brevis.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Clomazone Formulations Under Different Applications Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. TROPALDI ◽  
I.P.F.S. BRITO ◽  
R.C. DIAS ◽  
M.L.B. TRINDADE ◽  
C.A. CARBONARI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Rainfall Simulation ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Sugarcane Straw ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Production Areas

ABSTRACT: Maintenance of straw on the soil surface in sugarcane production areas can influence weed occurrence and herbicide dynamics. After application, considerable losses of clomazone can occur as a result of its physicochemical characteristics. For this reason, novel formulations have been developed. In addition to the conventional formulation, microencapsulated formulations are currently available. Thus, the aim of this study was to observe and compare the effect of clomazone formulations under different application conditions. For this purpose, the experiment was carried with 12 treatments in a completely randomized design, with four replications, using clomazone formulations (1,200 g a.i. ha-1), on soils with different moisture levels, in the presence and absence of sugarcane straw, followed or not by rainfall simulation. The treatments were compared by observation of number of emerged plants and phytotoxicity at 7 and 14 DAA, as well shoot dry matter at 14 DAA for Ipomoea nil, Urochloa decumbens and Panicum maximum. In general, the microencapsulated formulation presented a better performance under the less suitable application conditions when compared to the conventional one. However, for the other conditions, both formulations had a similar performance.

scholarly journals Development of papaya tree in organic substrates

2019 ◽  
pp. 1600-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago de Oliveira Sousa ◽  
Wéverson Lima Fonseca ◽  
Augusto Matias de Oliveira ◽  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
Marcela Carlota Nery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
National Market ◽  
Additional Control ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Papaya is a tropical fruit of great importance in the international and national market. For crop success, the use of quality seedlings is of paramount importance and substrates formulated from organic sources may be a viable alternative. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the initial development of papaya seedlings in different formulations and levels of organic substrates. A completely randomized design was used in a 4x4+1 factorial scheme, corresponding to four substrate formulations, containing decomposed buriti stem (CDB). The treatments included of the following: (CDB, ½ CDB + ½ poultry manure, ½ CDB + ½ cattle manure and ½ CDB + ½ gray with plant origin sourced from materials resulting from the burning of plant material (stem, branches); four proportion levels of the formulations of the substrates mixed to the soil (25; 50; 75 and 100%) and the additional control (100% soil). The following variables were measured: plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, shoot dry matter, root length and root dry matter at 42 days of seedling cultivation. The results showed that use of an ideal source of organic matter is feasible in the production of papaya seedlings. The substrate consisting of CBD + poultry manure had great potential to be used in the production of papaya seedlings.

scholarly journals INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CORN SUBJECTED TO INCREASING NITROGEN DOSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e5226
Author(s):  
Dhiego César Oliveira Riva Neto ◽  
Leonardo Rodrigues Barros ◽  
Vinicius Silva Sousa ◽  
Eliana Paula Fernandes Brasil ◽  
Adriana Aparecida Ribon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Almost All

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cereals grown and consumed in the world not only for its economic value but also due to its importance in human and animal nutrition. This study aimed to assess the initial development of corn as a function of increasing nitrogen doses. The study was carried out in a greenhouse on the Sipal Farm, Confresa, MT, Brazil. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design, consisting of five treatments (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg N dm−3 soil), with four replications, conducted from April to June 2020. Four seeds of the hybrid K 9606 VIP 3 were sown per 8-L polyethylene pot. The plants were thinned at 7 days after emergence (DAE), leaving only one plant per pot. Morphological components were assessed. A significant effect was found for almost all the analyzed parameters, except for stem diameter and root dry matter. The maximum plant height, shoot fresh matter, leaf area index, shoot dry matter, root fresh matter, and root volume was obtained by applying the maximum agronomic efficiency doses of 248.83, 271.90, 336.91, 279.66, 403.92, and 272.90 mg N dm−3 soil, respectively. Nitrogen doses influenced the initial development of the corn crop.

scholarly journals Yellow grease in sheep diets: intake and digestibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 684-692
Author(s):  
A.C. Rêgo ◽  
C.S.B. Oliveira ◽  
L.E.F. Afonso ◽  
J.C. Azevedo ◽  
O.R. Machado Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Yellow Grease ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the effects of yellow grease supplementation on the intake, digestibility, and nitrogen balance in sheep. Twenty Santa Inês lambs with a mean age of 95 ± 10 d and body weight of 19.29 ± 3.17kg were evaluated in a completely randomized design. The diets were supplemented with oil at concentrations of 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 gkg-1 of dry matter (DM) of the concentrate. The diets were based on roughage and concentrate (50:50). The experimental period lasted 19 d and included 14 adaptation days and five collection days for the total supplied diet, orts, feces, and urine. Supplementation with yellow grease had no significant effect on the intake of DM, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), or non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC). However, the ether extract (EE) intake increased linearly with supplementation of yellow grease. Moreover, no effect was observed for DM, CP, NDF, and NFC digestibility and nitrogen balance. EE digestibility increased linearly with the yellow grease dietary supplementation. Thus, sheep dietary supplementation with yellow grease may be used at a level of up to 80 gkg-1 of DM of concentrate without impairing nutrient intake and digestibility.

scholarly journals Development and root morphology of passion fruit in different substrates

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 514-520
Author(s):  
Karminne Dias do Valle ◽  
Laísse Danielle Pereira ◽  
Moab Acácio Barbosa ◽  
Vanessa Brenda Souza Chaves ◽  
Pedro Henrique Magalhães de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Initial Formation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

Among the factors that contribute to better initial development of plants, it is the substrate used. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of substrate in initial formation and morphology of the roots of two species of passion fruits. The analyses were done in the nursery of the Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Regional Jataí, Brazil, with a light interception of 60%. The material used were seeds of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) and the cultivar FB 200 (Flora Brasil), harvested in the UFG experimental field. They were sown in three types of substrates: Soil I (mixture of soil, chicken manure and sand in a ratio of 2:1:1 by volume), soil II (steep bank), and Bioplant®, using for plants perforated bags with a capacity of 1.5 L. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with six treatments, eight replications and four plants per plot. After 30 days of sowing, fresh matter of root, root dry matter and morphology were evaluated. The substrate affected the initial development of yellow passion fruit, obtaining the best results with Bioplant®, showing as promising for the development of all the evaluated characteristics.

scholarly journals Substrates and Sowing Depths in the Production of Pansy Seedlings (Viola tricolor L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
B. B. Reis ◽  
D. B. Rodrigues ◽  
A. S. Almeida ◽  
H. L. Chagas ◽  
A. S. Suné ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Viola Tricolor ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The success of seedling production for ornamental or any other crops depends on several factors, including the use of highquality seeds and the choice of suitable substrates. The aim of this work was to evaluate the use of different organic residues as substrates and sowing depths on the emergence and initial development of pansy seedlings. Two lots of pansy seeds were used. Seed lot quality was evaluated for water content determination, 1000-seeds weight, germination, first count of germination, accelerated aging, seedling emergence in sand. Post emergence was evaluated by the emergence speed index, shoot length, shoot dry matter and number of leaves. The experiment was performed under completely randomized design, with four replicates. Data were submitted to analysis of variance through the F-test and the means, compared to each other by the Tukey test, at 5% probability. The most indicated sowing depths for the development of pansy seedlings were 1.5 and 2 cm while the substrate which presented the best results was the Beifort® S10.

scholarly journals Weed Control and Selectivity to Post-Applied Herbicides in Eucalyptus

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Allan Lopes Bacha ◽  
Mariluce Pascoina Nepomuceno ◽  
Willians Cesar Carrega ◽  
Pedro De Figueiredo Rocha Barbosa Martins ◽  
Pedro Luis da Costa Aguiar Alves
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Visual Effects ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha

The objective of this study was to evaluate the selectivity of fluazifop-p-butyl and haloxyfop-R methyl ester on Eucalyptus urograndis (clone GG100), as well as the use of fluazifop-p-butyl for control of Panicum maximum and Urochloa brizantha. Two experiments were conducted in 15-liter capacity pots, in a completely randomized design with four replications. The first experiment consisted of seven treatments, in which fluazifop-p-butyl and haloxyfop-R methyl ester were sprayed at 15, 30 and 37 days after planting (DAP) and a control plot without application. In the second experiment, the treatments consisted of a factorial 4 × 2 (four application periods and two weed species), in which three seedlings of P. maximum or U. brizantha were transplanted per pot. In both experiments, at 90 DAP, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and total dry matter of eucalyptus were evaluated. In the second experiment, besides the morphological parameters, the percentage of weed control was evaluated. The data was submitted to analysis of variance by F test, and the means compared by Tukey test at the level of 5% of probability. Both herbicides did not cause visual effects of phytointoxication in eucalyptus, but haloxyfop-R methyl ester was not selective to clone GG100 (E. urograndis). Fluazifop-p-butyl was selective to clone GG100, providing better control in the first application period (15 DAP) but only for P. maximum, which negatively affected the initial development of eucalyptus, while U. brizantha was not efficiently controlled with the usage of fluazifop-p-butyl.

scholarly journals DOSE AND MODE OF APPLICATION OF THE WATER-ABSORBENT COPOLYMER ON GROWTH OF BERMUDAGRASS

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro José Grava De Godoy ◽  
Marcos Renato Villaron Xavier e Barbosa ◽  
Marcelo Vieira Ferraz ◽  
Luis Augusto Saes ◽  
Marcos Vieira Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Soil Medium ◽  
Sandy Substrate ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Mode Of Application ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Medium Texture

DOSE AND MODE OF APPLICATION OF THE WATER-ABSORBENT COPOLYMER ON GROWTH OF BERMUDAGRASS  LEANDRO JOSÉ GRAVA DE GODOY1; MARCOS RENATO VILLARON XAVIER E BARBOSA2; MARCELO VIEIRA FERRAZ1; LUIS AUGUSTO SAES2 E MARCOS VIEIRA FERRAZ3 1Professor Assistente Doutor do curso de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus Experimental de Registro, Registro, SP, Brasil, [email protected]; [email protected] do curso de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus Experimental de Registro, Registro, SP, Brasil, [email protected]; [email protected]ós-doutorando, Departamento de Horticultura, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de Botucatu, SP, Brasil, [email protected].  1 ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of water-absorbent copolymer in the growth of Bermudagrass, planted in a sandy substrate and soil medium texture. The treatments consisted of five doses of the copolymer (0, 25, 50, 75 or 100 g m-2), and two application modes (dry and hydrated) in a completely randomized design with five replications. During the experimental period turfs were subjected to a period of 10 days without watering. For the sandy substrate, when subjected to water stress, there was linear increase on dry mater production of clippings (growth) in function doses of water-absorbent copolymer. The major dry mater of roots was achieved by application of the copolymer at a dose of 56 g m-2 hydrated. For the soil medium textured copolymer hydrated in doses 50-54 g m-2 water-absorbent copolymer showed greater production of dry mater of clippings of Bermudagrass cv. Celebration applied in powder and hydrated forms respectively. For medium textured soil this water-absorbent copolymer did not influence the intensity of green color, not the green coverage rate of the turfgrass. The application of hydrated copolymer reduced the dry matter of roots in the soil of medium texture. Keywords:  Hydrogel, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers, Maintenance, Turfgrass.  GODOY, L. J. G.; XAVIER E BARBOS, M. R. V.; FERRAZ, M. V.; SAES, L. A.; FERRAZ, M. V.DOSES E MODOS DE APLICAÇÃO DE COPOLÍMERO HIDROABSORVENTE NO CRESCIMENTO DA GRAMA BERMUDA  2 RESUMO Com o presente estudo, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos do copolímero hidroabsorvente no crescimento da grama bermuda, plantada em substrato de areia e solos de textura média. Os tratamentos consistiram da aplicação de cinco doses do copolímero (0; 25; 50; 75; 100 g m-2), e dois modos de aplicação (seco e hidratado), num delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco repetições. Durante o período experimental as gramas foram submetidas a um período sem irrigação de 10 dias. Para o substrato arenoso quando submetido a estresse hídrico houve efeito linear do copolímero sobre a produção de fitomassa seca de aparas (crescimento). A maior fitomassa de raízes foi alcançada com a aplicação do copolímero na dose de 56 g m-2 de forma hidratada. Já para o solo de textura média o copolímero na forma hidratada nas doses de 50 a 54 g m-2 do copolímero proporcionou maior produção de fitomassa seca de aparas da grama bermuda cv. Celebration aplicados em pó e de forma hidratada, respectivamente. Para o solo de textura média este copolímero não influenciou a intensidade de cor verde, nem a taxa de cobertura verde do gramado. A aplicação do copolímero hidratado reduziu a fitomassa seca das raízes, em solo de textura média. Palavras-Chave: Hidrogel, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers, Manutenção, Gramado. 

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