scholarly journals Income-elasticity of poultry meat consumption in metropolitan areas of Brazil

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Rumenos Piedade Bacchi ◽  
Humberto Francisco Silva Spolador
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Income Elasticity ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Normal Product ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Per Capita

Studies on the meat market behavior may result in interesting parameters for the market and public policy agents. The definition of the income-elasticity of poultry consumption enables the elaboration of prospective analysis on the potential demand of this product. Thus, the main objective of the present study is to estimate the income-elasticities of poultry consumption. Data from the 1995-96 and 1987-88 Consumer Expenditure Survey, published by IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics), were used in the analysis. The elasticities were obtained by fitting a three-segment polygonal curve relating the logarithm of the per capita poultry meat consumption as a function of the per capita family income. Generalized Least Squares method was used for the econometric model fitting. The elasticities were obtained considering the total, carcasses and selected individual poultry parts consumption. Average income elasticity of the total consumption enables the classification of poultry meat as a normal product. The observed average income elasticities showed that breast and thighs are superior products. In the last period, a negative elasticity was observed for carcasses.

scholarly journals Benefits of Concluding the Trade Agreement between the EU and Australia

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-91
Author(s):  
France Križanič ◽  
◽  
Vasja Kolšek ◽  
Žan Jan Oplotnik ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Price Elasticity ◽  
Income Elasticity ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Price And Income Elasticities ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
High Level

Australia is a developed country with higher GDP per capita than Slovenia. In this context, it is of great interest to Slovenian exporters. Slovenian export to this market is growing, while imports lags behind. The price elasticity of Slovenian exports of goods to Australia is 0.9, while the income elasticity is 4.6. The price and income elasticities of goods from Australia are higher than the corresponding elasticities of Slovenian exports. Despite the higher price elasticity of Australian goods imported by Slovenia, according to the price elasticity of Slovenian exports to the Australian market, even with the same mutual price reduction the Slovenian surplus continues to rise as a result of its initial high level. Slovenian exports are also at risk of losing their potential position on the Australian market due to the intensive integration of Australia into trade partnerships with developed Pacific economies, particularly Japan and South Korea. The effect of these agreements on Slovenian exports has been growing over recent years.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENDAPATAN TERHADAP KONSUMSI DAGING DAN TELUR DI KECAMATAN SIAU BARAT KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SIAU TAGULANDANG BIARO

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Irgin V Badoa ◽  
A H.S Salendu ◽  
F. H Elly ◽  
P O.V Waleleng
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
The Family ◽  
Per Capita

ABSTRACT   EFFECT OF INCOME ON MEAT AND EGG CONSUMPTION IN WEST SIAU DISTRICT OF THE SIAU TAGULANDANG BIARO REGENCY. Generally, coastal farmer community have low income causing consumptions of livestock product are low. West Siau district was including in the Siau Tagulandang Biaro Island regency as the coastal area. Majority of the population of this regency were household farmer and fisher men, causing consumption of livestock product depended on their income. Objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of income on meat and egg consumption in West Siau district. Samples of villages were defined using purposive sampling method, referring to villages with high population staying on the coastal area including villages of Pelingsawang, Peling and Paniki. Data were collected using survey method including primary and secondary data. Household farmers were defined based on simple random sampling with the total of 41 persons. Variables observed were total meat consumption, total egg consumption and income per capita. Data were analyzed by simple regression analysis. Results showed that total income of household farmer were IDR 136,660,000 with the average of IDR 3,333,171 per household farmer per month. Total chicken meat, pork and egg consumptions were 58.5 kg, 27.5 kg and 17.4 kg per month, respectively. Average investment to consume meat and eggs were IDR 122,195 or 3.67 percents of the family income. Average meat consumption at West Siau district were 7.72 kg per capita per year, consisted of chicken meat and pork of 4.84 kg and 2.88 kg per capita per year, respectively. Average of egg consumption were 1.49 kg per capita per year. Therefore, income of the family significantly affected meat and egg consumption in West Siau district of the Siau Tagulandang Biaro regency.   Keywords:  Income, meat and egg   consumption, Siau district.

scholarly journals Consumption of agricultural products in Finland in 1985

1976 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-394
Author(s):  
Lauri Kettunen
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Income Elasticity ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Future Price ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Retail Prices ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Per Capita Consumption

Forecasts of the per capita consumption of main agricultural products until 1985 are based a) on income elasticities and b) on an assumed growth of real income by 40 per cent in 10 years. In some cases such as meat, butter and margarine the development of the consumption will depend largely on the future price policy and therefore the forecasts can be considered as alternatives which seem possible but which may also turn out to be wrong. Comsumption forecasts for wheat and rye are based on an income elasticity of —0.3. So the consumption of wheat will fall from46.2 kg per capita in 1975 to 40 kg in 1985 and the consumption of rye from 22.0 to 20kg per capita, respectively. Consumption of fluid milk is assumed to fall 10 per cent in 10 years and would be 206 kg per capita in 1985. The consumption of butter will depend on the price policy of butter in relation to margarine. If the ratio of the retail prices of these products remains as constant as it has been for some years, the consumption of butter is likely to be about 10 kg per capita in 1985. The cheese consumption is expected to increase annually by 4 per cent up to 8.5 kg per capita in 1985.The consumption of other dairy products will stay at the present level. The consumption of eggs will, on the other band, increase 20 per cent during the next 10 years. Beef and pork are close substitutes the consumption of which depends largely on the price policy. Since the supply of beef may not increase due to the declining number of dairy cows it is assumed that the retail price of beef will rise faster than that of pork and therefore the demand pressure on meat will shift to pork, the consumption of which expected to increase by 1kg per capita per year so that it will be 35 kg in 1985. The diet of 1985 is checked by calculating its energy, fat and protein content. The results seem to be rather acceptable.

scholarly journals Benin’de Kanatlı Hayvan Etinin Üretimi ve Tüketimi

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1754
Author(s):  
Foudelou Issaka Ibrahima
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Poultry Breeding ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Capita Income Growth

In this article, the production and consumption values of poultry meat are discussed in order to evaluate the entrepreneurial opportunities in the poultry meat production sector. In addition, the annual import of meat and its economic value were also examined. For this purpose, INSAE, Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock (MAEP) and FAO reports were reviewed. In addition, some data from similar articles published on this subject have been used. As a result of this review, it can be said that food products and consumption patterns are changing due to the per capita income growth and the expansion of food options. In Benin, food products and consumption patterns are changing due to the growth of income and the expansion of food choice options. Therefore, per capita meat consumption increased and reached 25.2 kg in 2013. However, according to the average of the world meat consumption in 2013 (43.22 kg / person / year) this amount is very low. In general, 21% of the meat produced in Benin consists of poultry meat. National poultry breeding does not meet the rising demand for meat. The part of local production in consumption decreased significantly from 2005 to 2013 (from 21% to 6%). 98% of the total meat imported to Benin is composed by poultry meat (chicken and turkey meat). From 2010 to 2016, the average of imported poultry meat value is $216,358 million and this situation causes loss of currency. Considering the available data, investment opportunities for poultry production in Benin should be evaluated. In addition, there are significant shortcomings in the field of food safety and the provision. The development of the needs in this sector includes entrepreneurship opportunities.

scholarly journals TINGKAT PENDAPATAN DAN KESEJAHTERAAN KELUARGA PEKERJA HARIAN PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT (Studi Kasus di PT Prima Mitrajaya Mandiri Kecamatan Kota Bangun) (Income Level and Family Welfare of Daily Worker of Oil Palm Plantation (Case Study in PT Prima Mitrajaya Mandiri Kota Bangun Subdistrict))

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
SEPTIAN WAHYU SAPUTRA ◽  
NDAN IMANG
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Descriptive Method

The establishment of  an oil palm company provides a change in the family welfare of daily workers in its plantation. The purpose of this study were to determine the income and welfare of oil palm family of daily worker of oil palm plantation. This research was conducted from August to September 2019 in PT Prima Mitrajaya Mandiri (PT PMM), Kota Bangun Subdistrict. The number of respondents was 52 workers. Data were analyzed by descriptive method. The results of this reserach showed the average income of daily worker in section of fertilization as much as IDR22,179,196.00 year-1, weed control as much as IDR23,907,101.00 year-1, and harvesting as much as IDR38,477,611.00 year-1.  The average of family income of daily worker from working in oil palm company and from non oil palm (farm, off-farm, and no-farm) in section of fertilization, weed control, and harvesting were IDR33,625,350.00 year-1; IDR30,678,529.00 year-1;  and IDR40,061,611.00 year-1, respectively.  Based on the average per capita income per year, the daily worker family of oil palm plantation of PT PMM was categorized welfare. 

scholarly journals How to be sustainable in beef consumption – Exploring the factors. Case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 382-390
Author(s):  
Peter Bielik ◽  
Martina Hanova ◽  
Renata Benda-Prokeinova
Keyword(s):  
Income Elasticity ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Demand System ◽  
Food Demand ◽  
Consumption Growth ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Global Trend

The aim of the paper is to explain beef consumption through the economic indicators and the prediction tendencies of beef consumption. There are countries like Slovakia that confirm the opposite trend despite the global trend of consumption growth. In terms of the ecosystems' sustainability, beef production should be adjusted accordingly, as in the case of Slovakia. We focus on the economic aspect of beef consumption from the perspective of sustainability. Commodity prices are considered to be a significant factor influencing consumption and the behaviour of beef consumers. Despite increasing income in Slovakia, consumption of beef covers only 30% of recommended doses in the year 2018. To achieve the objective of the research, we decided to use the calculation of price and income elasticity of food demand using the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model to analyse meat consumption trends. The findings confirm that beef consumption will decline in Slovakia in the following years, and it will be progressively replaced by pork and poultry meat.

PENGARUH UPAH MINUMUM TERHADAP TENAGA KERJA DI NEGARA DENGAN TINGKAT PENGHASILAN RATA-RATA YANG RENDAH

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veny Anindya Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Wage Policy ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Income Per Capita ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
Water Association ◽  
International Water ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Association Data

<p>The minimum wage is a macroeconomic issue that is still debated, Basically, the minimum wage policy aimed to protect workers, so that thet earn an adequate wages to finance the basic needs of their life. Practically, the minimum wage policy often encounters its purpose because it is regarged as miserable for those who have no expertise. This phenomenon is mainly happening in the low –avegrage- income countries that have many unskilled workers. Gahana, Indonesia, Costra Rica were used to be analyzed in this paper. According to International Water Association data year 2006, those countris earn income per capita less than US$ 9,200 and were categorized as low average – income countries. This research found that minimum wage impelentation in all three countries was not effective. When minimum wage policy was implemented, a lot of people felt aggrieved.</p><p>Keywords : Economic polict, Minimum wage, Income</p>

scholarly journals Will We Soon Run Out of Water?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ghislain de Marsily
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Good Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Food Deficit ◽  
The World ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Per Capita

In 2000, the World population was 6.2 billion; it reached 7 billion in 2012 and should reach 9.5 billion (±0.4) in 2050 and 11 billion (±1.5) in 2100, according to UN projections. The trend after 2100 is still one of global demographic growth, but after 2060, Africa would be the only continent where the population would still increase. The amount of water consumed annually to produce the food necessary to meet the needs varies greatly between countries, from about 600 to 2,500 m<sup>3</sup>/year per capita, depending on their wealth, their food habits (particularly meat consumption), and the percentage of food waste they generate. In 2000, the total food production was on the order of 3,300 million tons (in cereal equivalents). In 2019, about 0.8 billion inhabitants of the planet still suffer from hunger and do not get the nutrition they need to be in good health or, in the case of children, to grow properly (both physically and intellectually). Assuming a World average water consumption for food of 1,300 m<sup>3</sup>/year per capita in 2000, 1,400 m<sup>3</sup>/year in 2050, and 1,500 m<sup>3</sup>/year in 2100, a volume of water of around 8,200 km<sup>3</sup>/year was needed in 2000, 13,000 km<sup>3</sup>/year will be needed in 2050, and 16,500 km<sup>3</sup>/year in 2100. Will that much water be available on earth? Can there be conflicts related to a food deficit? Some preliminary answers and scenarios for food production will be given from a hydrologist viewpoint.

A Review on Campylobacteriosis Associated with Poultry Meat Consumption

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Peter Myintzaw ◽  
Amit K. Jaiswal ◽  
Swarna Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Poultry Meat

The Income Elasticity of Gross Sports Betting Revenues in Nevada: Short-Run and Long-Run Estimates

2021 ◽  
pp. 152700252110369
Author(s):  
Ege Can ◽  
Mark W. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Income Elasticity ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Sports Betting ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Sports Gambling ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Short Run ◽  
State Income

In May 2018, the Supreme Court overturned the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act, thereby allowing all states to offer sports betting. Prior to this, Nevada was the only state with unrestricted sports betting. Using sports betting data from Nevada, we estimate long-run and short-run income elasticities to determine the growth and volatility of sports betting as a tax base. Sports gambling grows at a similar rate as state income and is stable and insensitive to short-run shocks to income. However, the amount of money kept by casinos, and hence the state, is small compared to other traditional tax bases.

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