Quantitative feed restriction from 35 to 42 days of age for broiler chickens

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing levels of feed restriction in broilers aged from 35 to 42 days, on the performance, carcass parameters and intensity of lesions at slaughter. A total of 1,225 one-day old chicks were obtained from a commercial hatchery and were grown over a 34-days period (five weeks). At 34 days of age all birds were weighed and redistributed into a completely randomized design to perform the following treatments: control (0% feed restriction), 10, 20, 30 or 40% feed restriction. The amount of feed given to animals was adjusted daily according to the previous day's intake of the control treatment. At 42 days, birds were weighed and two birds per pen were slaughtered, one to evaluate carcass yield and cuts and the other for body composition analysis. Weight gain and feed intake were decreased linearly (p<0.05) according to increasing levels of restriction, while the feed:gain ratio showed a quadratic effect (p<0.05). The hot eviscerated carcass weight decreased linearly (p<0.05) according to increasing levels of restriction, without effects on the carcass, breast and thigh yield. The dry matter and fat of the carcass decreased and the crude protein increased (p<0.05), according to levels of restriction. We conclude that feed restriction of 2.5% in the last week of life can improve the feed efficiency of poultry, when there is a higher accumulation of fat in the carcass.

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PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KULIT SINGKONG DALAM PEMBUATAN PELET RANSUM UNGGAS

Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan ◽

10.29122/jtl.v11i1.1230 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 127 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sindu Akhadiarto

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Waste Product ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

Agriculture Waste ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Cassava Peels

Cassava peels is one of agriculture waste having potency as feed for poultry. Cassava peels represent waste product from cassava industry with amount 1,998 million ton in the year 2006 in Indonesia (10 percentage of corm of yielded cassava). The weakness of cassava peels are low crude protein content, less palatable for ruminant and have voluminous characteristic. One of the effort to increase usefulness of cassava peels is by using cassava peels as fibre source in pellet complete ration for poultry. The aim of this research was to know best level from utilization of cassava peels as physic quality in poultry complete ration. This study used Completely Randomized Design that consistsof three treatments and three replications. The treatments were: 1). Control feeds + 0% cassava peels (R1), 2). Control feeds + 30% dry matter cassava peels (R2), 3). Control feeds + 30% boiling matter cassava peels (R3). Data was analysed with ANOVA and continued with Duncan Test. The result indicated that effect of water content pellet ration with moisture tool is higher than using infrared tool. Pellet rations with dry matter and boiling matter control treatment before saving have physic qualities that still meet the quality standar of poultry ration. Eventhough, on treatment after saving, the physic qualities decrease and relatively less meet the quality standar of poultry rationKey word: waste, cassava peels, poultry ration, pellet complete.

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Quantitative and qualitative feed restriction for broilers

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20447 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e339101220447

Author(s):

Thiago de Sousa Melo ◽

José Humberto Vilar da Silva ◽

José Jordão Filho ◽

Fernando Guilherme Perazzo Costa ◽

Patrícia Emília Naves Givisiez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Control Diet ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Feed Restriction ◽

Broiler Performance ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Al Treatment ◽

Economical Alternative

The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of five feed restriction programs (FRP) on broiler performance and carcass yield. 425 Cobb 500® broilers were distributed in a completely randomized design with five FRPs and five replicates with 17 broilers. The FRPs were: Program 1 (P1): consumption ad libitum (AL) of control diet from 14 to 42 days; P2: quantitative restriction (QTR) of 10% of AL consumption from 14 to 28 days and AL consumption from 29 to 42 days; P3: AL consumption from 14 to 28 days and QTR from 29 to 42 days; P4: qualitative restriction (QLR) of 10% of the level of crude protein and essential amino acids from 14 to 28 days and AL consumption from 29 to 42 days; and P5: AL consumption from 14 to 28 days and QLR from 29 to 42 days. The broilers of the AL treatment gained more weight (p≤0.01), but had a similar FCR (P>0.05) compared to broilers submitted to QTR from 29 to 42 days. In addition, broilers fed QTR from 14 to 28 days presented a lower FI and a better FCR (p≤0.01) in relation to broilers fed QLR of 14 to 28 (P4) and 29 to 42 days (P5). The broilers fed QTR of 14 to 28 days diet presented a similar FCR as broilers fed AL. The 10% reduction in AL consumption of 14 to 28 d is a viable economical alternative to feed broilers up to 42 days of age.

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Physiology and bromatology of Oryctolagus cunicullus L. 1758 fed browse legume with enzyme levels

Agro-Science ◽

10.4314/as.v21i1.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 45-50

Author(s):

A.M. Ogungbesan ◽

O.E. Fasina ◽

E.O. Alagbe ◽

O.O. Eniolorunda

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Treatment Effects ◽

Gliricidia Sepium ◽

Performance Indices ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

And Performance ◽

Nutritional Benefits ◽

Dietary Treatments

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of feeding rabbits with Maxigrain® (M) enzyme supplemented Gliricidia sepium leaf meal (GLM) on their physiology, performance characteristics, and nutrients digestibility. Twenty weaned rabbits of mixed sexes, 5-6 weeks old, were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments including 0 g M which was soybean without M (control) and GLM supplemented with M at 50, 100, 150 and 200 g M per kilogramme of GLM. There were four rabbits per treatment and one rabbit as replicate in a completely randomized design. There were no significant (p > 0.05) treatment effects in all physiological and performance indices as well as those of crude fat, fibre and NFE digestibilities. There were variations (p < 0.05) due to the treatment effects on dry matter, crude protein and ash digestiblities. This implies that the feeding of soft faeces directly from the caecum called coprophagy mechanism in rabbits has its concomitant nutritional benefits. This advantageous benefit can enable rabbit to effectively and efficiently utilize forage or forage-based diet with or without enzyme supplementation.

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Sorghum cultivars of different purposes silage

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20131532 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 298-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ricardo Martins Araujo Pinho ◽

Edson Mauro Santos ◽

Juliana Silva de Oliveira ◽

Higor Fábio Carvalho Bezerra ◽

Poliane Meire Dias de Freitas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Profile Losses ◽

Fermentation Profile ◽

Total Carbohydrates ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Experimental Treatments ◽

Sorghum Bicolor L

This study aimed to assess the fermentation profile, losses and chemical composition of the silages of five sorghum cultivars. A completely randomized design with five replicates was used. The experimental treatments were represented by five sorghum cultivars (Sorghum bicolor (L). Moench): 'BRS Ponta Negra' , 'BRS 610', 'BRS 655', 'BRS 800' and 'BRS 810'. There was variation (P<0.05) for the pH in the cultivars studied, with highest result of pH by 'BRS 610'. The average percentages of lactic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid, differed (P<0.05) among the cultivars, ranging from 32.9 to 59.5, 19.8 to 39.8, and 0.0 to 1.3g kg-1, respectively. The dry matter recovery varied among cultivars (P<0.05), allowing the identification of BRS Ponta Negra, and 'BRS 810' silages, as those which recovered the lowest dry matter, with values of 757.1 and 776.1g kg-1, respectively. There were differences (P<0.05) for dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, non-fibrous carbohydrates and total carbohydrates contents among the cultivars. It was concluded that, despite the morphological and chemical differences among cultivars, the resulting silages had good fermentation profile.

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Silage of the agro-industrial co-product of babassu palm heart processing in sheep feed

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20180178 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Luciane da Cunha Codognoto ◽

Marlos Oliveira Porto ◽

Thassiane Telles Conde ◽

Jucilene Cavali ◽

Elvino Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Coffee Husk ◽

Palm Heart ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Industrial Manufacture ◽

Babassu Palm ◽

Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: The inner bark or less tender sheath generated from industrial manufacture of canned babassu palm (Attalea speciosa) heart is inadequate for human consumption, often being discarded inappropriately and giving rise to environmental pollution. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to assess the intake and digestibility in sheep fed on silage of the agro-industrial co-product of babassu palm (ICBP)enriched with different additives, or on sugarcane silage. Fifteen Santa Inês sheep were distributed in a completely randomized design, consisting of five treatments and three replicates. The treatments comprised babassu palm silage enriched with broken maize (BM), broken rice (BR), cassava scrapings (CS), coffee husk combined with maize kernel (CC), and sugarcane silage (SC), all supplemented with concentrate, at a voluminous:concentrate ratio of 65:35. Silages based on ICBP and SC had similar intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC). Increasing the additive fraction in ICBP silages favored the digestibility of DM, OM, CP, NFC, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and total digestible nutrients (TDN). Our results indicated that silage based on additive-enriched ICBP can be used in the diet of ruminants, especially those based on broken maize and cassava scrapings that provide superior nutritional quality compared to the other silages assessed.

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Chemical Management of Broadleaf Buttonweed and Brazilian Pusley in Different Application Methods

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582019370100098 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

Author(s):

M. GALLON ◽

M.M. TREZZI ◽

F.B. PAGNONCELLI JR ◽

R. PASINI ◽

M. VIECELLI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Transgenic Soybean ◽

Weed Species ◽

Chemical Management ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Chlorimuron Ethyl ◽

Application Methods ◽

Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: Increased use of glyphosate in transgenic soybean areas has selected resistant and tolerant weed species. The aim of this study was to evaluate chemical management strategies for controlling Borreria latifolia and Richardia brasiliensis at pre-emergence (Pre), early post-emergence (Poste) and late post-emergence (Postl). Six experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design with four replicates per treatment in the Pre experiments and three in the Poste and Postl experiments, for each of the species. In the Pre experiments, tests were performed with herbicides imazethapyr, sulfentrazone, chlorimuron, diclosulam, S-metolachlor and saflufenacil. In the Poste experiments, seedlings were sprayed with herbicides bentazon, fomesafen, lactofen, flumioxazin and glyphosate. In Postl experiments, adult plants received glyphosate application associated with herbicides 2,4-D, carfentrazone, imazethapyr, flumiclorac, flumioxazin, sulfentrazone, chlorimuron, saflufenacil and glufosinate, plus three sequential applications with glyphosate only and paraquat/diuron. In the experiments, there was a control treatment without application of herbicides. In the Pre experiments, the plants established at 14 and 28 days after application (DAA) were evaluated. In the Poste and Postl experiments, shoot dry matter evaluation and visual control were performed at 14 and 28 DAA. The herbicides sulfentrazone, S-metolachlor and saflufenacil suppressed the emergence of both B. latifolia as R. brasiliensis; chlorimuron-ethyl and diclosulam were effective only on R. brasiliensis. In Poste, fomesafen, lactofen and flumioxazin reached levels of control over 90% of plants of both species. In Postl, glyphosate associated with carfentrazone, flumiclorac, flumioxazin, chlorimuron-ethyl, saflufenacil, glufosinate, and sequential applications of glyphosate/glyphosate, glyphosate/paraquat+diuron, glyphosate+2,4-D/paraquat+diuron reached levels control higher than 95%.

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EVALUASI KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING, BAHAN ORGANIK, DAN PROTEIN KASAR TONGKOL JAGUNG FERMENTASI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN SUMBER KARBOHIDRAT YANG BERBEDA SECARA IN - VITRO

JURNAL PETERNAKAN ◽

10.24014/jupet.v17i1.8707 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

Tri Astuti

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Protein Digestibility ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Tapioca Flour ◽

Different Sources

This research aimed to study effect of Corn cob fermentation using Panerochaeta chrysosporium with adding the different sources of carbohydrat on the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein by in-vitro methode. A Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were : P0 = fermented corncobs + without carbohydrt, P1 = fermented corncobs + 10% rice bran; P2 = fermented corncobs + tapioca flour 10%; P3 = corncob fermented + molasses 10%. The results of this study shown a very significant affected (P <0.01) on the digestible of dry matter and organic matter but no affected (P> 0.05) on crude protein digestibility. The best results digestibility of dry matter (66.98%) on the P3 treatment adding molasses, and the highest digestibility of organic matter (67.49%) on the P3 treatment too, but the highest digestibility of crude protein (51.37%) in P1 treatment (adding by rice bran)

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Inclusion of Yucca schidigera extract and zeolite in the diet and its relationship to the apparent digestibility of nutrients and urinary pH in adult dogs

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20140386 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (8) ◽

pp. 1456-1459 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

João Paulo Fernandes Santos ◽

Flavia Maria de Oliveira Borges Saad ◽

Rosana Claudio Silva Ogoshi ◽

Jéssica Santana dos Reis ◽

Livia Geraldi Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Fat ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Urinary Ph ◽

Yucca Schidigera ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Males And Females ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Experimental Treatments

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the inclusion of Yucca schidigera extract and zeolite (Clinoptilolite) added to the diets for dogs and its effect on apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of diet components (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, acid hydrolyzed fat, and energy) and urinary pH. Twenty-one adult Beagles, males and females, body weight mean of 12.5±1.5kg and four and a half years old, distributed in a completely randomized design with seven replicates per treatment within three experimental treatments: control (no addition of Yucca schidigera and zeolite), Yucca schidigera (375ppm) and zeolite (1%), administered in the encapsulated form of the supplement. The ADC of diet components and urinary pH were not affected by the inclusion of additives (P>0.05), except the ADC acid hydrolyzed fat showed reduction with Yucca schidigera supplementation compared to the other treatments (P<0.05). The addition of 375ppm of Yucca schidigera extract reduced the digestibility of dietary fat by dogs and both Yucca schidigera extract and zeolite did not affect the urinary pH of dogs.

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Fermentative profile, losses and chemical composition of silage soybean genotypes amended with sugarcane levels

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-78217-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anderson de Moura Zanine ◽

Orgélio Augusto de Sene ◽

Daniele de Jesus Ferreira ◽

Henrique Nunes Parente ◽

Michelle de Oliveira Maia Parente ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Soybean Plant ◽

Soybean Genotype ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Profile Losses ◽

Soybean Genotypes ◽

Fermentation Profile ◽

Linear Effects ◽

Completely Randomized Design

AbstractThe experiment aimed to evaluate the fermentative and nutritional profile of the silage of four soybean plant genotypes (BRS 333 RR, Pampeanas: C50, C60, and C70) ensiled with levels of sugarcane (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design, in factorial scheme 4 × 5 (four soybean genotypes and five levels of sugarcane inclusion) with four replicates. Silages with 100% soybean plant presented the highest levels of butyric acid (P < 0.001) and ammoniacal nitrogen (P < 0.047); however, the intermediate addition of sugarcane contributed to lactic fermentation (P < 0.001). Besides, there was a quadratic effect (P < 0.05) for the recovery of dry matter, which ranged from 83.28 to 95.29%, with higher values observed for silage with the same proportions of soybean plant and sugarcane. It was verified that the crude protein content exhibited decreasing linear effects (P < 0.001), varying among 4.60 to 7.48% in the silages. It was concluded that the highest recovery of dry matter, the best fermentation profile, and the highest levels of crude protein and digestibility occurred in the inclusion between 25 and 50% of sugarcane in soybean silage, with the superiority of the C50 soybean genotype.

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Nutrient utilization by rabbits fed brewers' dried grains from different proportions of barley, maize and sorghum

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v31i2.1797 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 189-193

Author(s):

J. A. Olupona ◽

O. O. Balogun

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nitrogen Retention ◽

Protein Digestibility ◽

Nutrient Utilization ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Local Sources ◽

Completely Randomized Design

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the energy and protein of Brewers' Dried Grains (BDG) produced from different proportions of harley, maize and sorghum on the performance of rabbits. Sixteen (16) rabbits made up of New Zealand and Chinchilla, eight (8) weeks old averaging 1.20kg were used in the trial in a completely randomized design. The four (4) diets were BDG (maize: barley: sorghum) (BDG MBS); BDG (maize: harley) (BDGMB); BDG (maize: sorghum) (BDG MS) and BDG (sorghum) (BDG S). The diets were the only source of protein and energy. The treatment effect was significant (p < 0.05) with the highest crude protein digestibility and nitrogen retention values recorded for BDG MBS. The digestible and metabolizable energy values were not significantly different (p > 0.05) for the BDG investigated. The digestible energy values determined for BDG MS, BDGS, BDG MBS and BDG MB in W/kg of dry matter were 16.97, 15.57, 14.84 and 13.35 respectively while the values for ME in MJ/kg of dry matter were 16.32, 14.91, 14.31 and 12.34 respectively. BDG from local sources have potential to make complete feed for rabbits judging from their impressive energy and protein values.

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