scholarly journals First serological detection of Borrelia spp. in dogs in western Cuba

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Dias Cordeiro ◽  
Claudia Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Maylin Gonzalez Navarrete ◽  
Eugênio Roque ◽  
Adivaldo Henrique da Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serological Detection ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Flab Gene

Abstract This study aimed to verify the presence of IgG antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l) in domestic dogs in western Cuba. Serum samples were analyzed by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using crude antigens of a B. burgdorferi strain of North American origin. To verify the presence of Borrelia spp., deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extracted from individual blood samples was analyzed by nested-PCR, with markers targeted for amplification of portions of the flagellin B gene (flaB) present in Borrelia spirochetes. Ticks were also collected through inspection of the animals. Sera from 93 of 176 (52.84%) dogs were reactive to the indirect ELISA. Geographic prevalence varied from 54.35% (25/46) in Boyeros, 44.44% (20/45) in Cotorro, 66.67% (22/33) in Habana del Este, and 50% (26/52) in San José de las Lajas. There was no statistical difference between these tested variables. No blood samples analyzed were positive for the Borrelia flaB gene.

scholarly journals Detection of tetanus toxoid antibodies in human sera in New Zealand by ELISA

1987 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. H. Lau
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Tetanus Toxoid ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Human Sera

SUMMARYAn enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) incorporating the sensitive biotin-streptavidin system was developed to detect IgG antibodies to tetanus toxoid in human serum. Serum samples obtained from 557 normal persons aged 1–65 years from different areas in New Zealand were tested. The proportion of those immune ranged from 60–93% in males, and from 46–86% in females. In the 1–9 years age group 85% were immune. The indirect ELISA is suitable for serological surveys as it is simple to perform, economical and reproducible.

Measles antibodies and response to vaccination in children aged less than 14 months: implications for age of vaccination

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (9) ◽  
pp. 1599-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. BORRÀS ◽  
L. URBIZTONDO ◽  
J. COSTA ◽  
J. BATALLA ◽  
N. TORNER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Maternal Antibodies ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Measles Outbreak ◽  
Measles Antibodies ◽  
Measles Vaccination

SUMMARYPassive immunity against measles decreases during the first months of life. The objective of this study was to determine titres of measles antibodies in children aged 9–14 months and their mothers before vaccination, and the children's response to vaccination. Blood samples were collected by capillary puncture before and 28 days after vaccination. Samples were obtained between February and June 2007 during an ongoing measles outbreak. Titres of specific measles IgG antibodies were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Seroconversion was defined as the presence of antibodies after vaccination in subjects without antibodies before vaccination. Maternal antibodies were present in 37·7% of all 69 children included and in 45·1% of children aged 9 months. Of the 51 children in whom a second sample was obtained, 31 (60·8%) were seronegative before vaccination and 61·3% seroconverted. Interference of maternal antibodies was 30%. Advancing the first dose of measles vaccination from 15 to 12 months is a correct strategy, given the increase in the time of susceptibility of infants to measles.

scholarly journals Detection of antibodies to recombinant truncated flagellin and sonicated whole cell antigen of Burkholderia pseudomallei in acute melioidosis and in healthy Bangladeshi individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Md Shariful Alam Jilani ◽  
Tang Thean Hock ◽  
Sraboni Mazumder ◽  
Fahmida Rahman ◽  
Md Mohiuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Cell Antigen ◽  
The Mean

Background and objectives: Several types of Burkholderia pseudomallei antigens have been used to determine the antibody response in acute and asymptomatic cases. In the present study, we have detected immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody to recombinant truncated flagellin antigen (RTFA) of B. pseudomallei in the sera of acute melioidosis cases and healthy individuals from melioidosis endemic areas of Bangladesh by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In parallel, IgG antibody to sonicated whole cell antigen (SWCA) of B. pseudomallei was determined to compare with anti-RTFA antibody. Methodology: Serum samples from culture confirmed melioidosis cases and from healthy individuals aged 21 years and above residing in melioidosis endemic rural areas were included in the study. Serum IgG antibody to RTFA and SWCA of B. pseudomallei was determined by indirect ELISA. Results: Out of 8 culture confirmed acute melioidosis cases, 7 (87.5%) and 8 (100%) were positive for anti-B. pseudomallei IgG antibodies by RTFA and SWCA methods respectively. Among 361 healthy individuals, the rate of seropositivity by RTFA-ELISA was significantly less than that of SWCA-ELISA (16.1% versus 26.8%; p = 0.001). The mean optical density (OD) of RTFA-ELISA of positive cases was significantly less than that of SWCA-ELISA in both melioidosis and healthy individuals (0.79±0.11 versus 2.4±0.08, p = 0.0001; 0.67±0.01 versus 1.27±0.02, p = 0.0001). The sensitivity and specificity of RTFA-ELISA were 88.9% and 100% respectively. Conclusion: Findings of the study suggest that multiple or combination of antigens should be used to study the seroprevalence of B. pseudomallei infection in a community. Also, prospective study is necessary to find out the duration of persistence of antibodies to different antigenic components of B. pseudomallei after exposure. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2020; 14(1): 47-52

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of avian metapneumovirus infection in broiler and broiler breeder chickens in Iran

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 395-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Avian Metapneumovirus ◽  
Commercial Chicken ◽  
Future Work

Avian metapneumovirus causes an acute highly contagious upper respiratory tract infection primarily of turkeys and chickens. The disease can cause significant economic losses in turkey and chicken flocks, particularly when exacerbated by secondary pathogens. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of avian metapneumovirus antibodies in broiler and broiler breeder flocks in Kermanshah province, west of Iran. All the flocks had not been vaccinated against avian metapneumovirus. The province were divided into four geographic areas; southwest, southeast, northwest, and northeast. Flocks in each area, and 14–15 birds in each flock, were randomly sampled. The blood samples were taken regardless of the presence of any signs of respiratory or any other clinical disease in the flocks. A total of 435 blood samples were collected from 30 commercial chicken flocks (24 broiler flocks, aged between six and eight weeks, and six broiler breeder flocks, aged between 56 and 72 weeks). The presence of antibodies against avian metapneumovirus in each serum sample was tested twice by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a commercial kit which was able to determine antibodies against A, B and C subtypes of avian metapneumovirus. Out of 347 serum samples obtained from broiler chickens, 167 (48.1%) were positive to avian metapneumovirus antibodies, which represented 20 (83.3%) of 24 examined broiler flocks. Out of 88 samples obtained from broiler breeder chickens, 82 (93.2%) were positive to avian metapneumovirus antibodies, which belonged to six (100%) of examined broiler breeder flocks. Detection of anti-avian metapneumovirus antibodies among broiler breeder (100%) was higher than broiler (83.3%) flocks. A higher rate of seropositivity (83.3% of samples and 100% of broiler flocks) was observed in northwest. The results of this study may indicate the possible involvement of avian metapneumovirus in the respiratory disease we are seeing in chickens in Iran. Its prevalence has to be investigated in other parts of Iran. Future work may and should include the use of molecular methods and isolation of the virus. Isolation of avian metapneumovirus will allow the possibility of making autogenous vaccines.

scholarly journals An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of IgG antibodies against Babesia equi in horses

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1525-1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane Divan Baldani ◽  
Rosangela Zacarias Machado ◽  
Paulo de Tarso Landgraf Botteon ◽  
Felipe Santoro Takakura ◽  
Carlos Luiz Massard
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Babesia Equi ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity

A crude antigenic preparation of Babesia equi was used to develop and establish the suitability of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of parasite carriers. Optimal dilutions of the antigen, using positive and negative reference sera, were determined by checkboard titrations. The specificity and sensitivity of the ELISA were 100 %. A total of 90 serum samples were taken from horses from the Northeast region of São Paulo State and examined for diagnosis of equine B. equi infection by ELISA. Approximately 75% (n=67) of all the horses tested were found serologically positive for B. equi. These results suggest that the ELISA described may prove to be an appropriate serological test for epidemiological studies on B. equi infections in the field and that equine piroplasmosis is a cause for serious concern in the State of São Paulo, Brazil.

scholarly journals Evaluation of abortions spontaneously induced by Neospora caninum and risk factors in dairy cattle from Lima, Peru

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Enrique Serrano-Martínez ◽  
Cesar Abel Burga Cisterna ◽  
Roberto Carlos Evaristo Romero ◽  
Marco Antonio Quispe Huacho ◽  
Alessandra Matienzo Bermabé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Chi Squared

Abstract Our objective was to identify the direct and indirect presence of Neospora caninum in dairy cattle and their aborted fetuses from Lima, Peru. A total 219 blood samples obtained from dairy cattle with records of spontaneous abortion were collected to detect antibodies against N. caninum in serum with indirect ELISA and search for risk-factor associations. 68 fetal aborted tissue samples of these cows were analyzed by PCR, indirect ELISA and histopathology assay to detect N. caninum presence. The prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Univariate analysis was performed using the chi-squared test. Among the 68 aborted fetuses collected, 10 (15%) were positive in at least two diagnostic tests. Among 219 serum samples, 46.6% (95% CI: 40.0%-53.3%) were positive. Cows with 4 years or older (PR: 7.10; 95% CI: 4.89-10.67) and multiparous (PR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.11-2.80) were found to be more likely to possess N. caninum antibodies. This study detects presence of N. caninum in dairy cattle and their aborted fetus from Lima valley, suggesting biosecurity management improve to neosporosis control.

scholarly journals Two-Component Cluster Analysis of a Large Serodiagnostic Database for Specificity of Increases of IgG Antibodies against Pertussis Toxin in Paired Serum Samples and of Absolute Values in Single Serum Samples

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1452-1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine C. de Greeff ◽  
Peter Teunis ◽  
Hester E. de Melker ◽  
Frits R. Mooi ◽  
Daan W. Notermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Pertussis Toxin ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Pertussis Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Two Component

ABSTRACTMeasuring IgG antibodies against pertussis toxin (IgG-Ptx) with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be used to diagnose pertussis infection; however, the cutoff points are not unanimously defined. To determine the diagnostic specificity of increases of IgG-Ptx in paired sera and of absolute values in single serum samples, we applied a two-component cluster analysis to serum samples of patients suspected for pertussis, whose sera had been submitted to a routine diagnostic laboratory between 2003 and 2009, and had been assayed with an in-house IgG-Ptx ELISA calibrated with the international FDA lot 3 IgG-Ptx reference serum. Children eligible for the acellular pertussis vaccination were excluded to avoid interference from a vaccine-induced IgG-Ptx rise. Binary distribution mixtures were fitted to the data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated for absolute values in single samples (n= 14,452) and increases in paired samples (n= 2,455). For both parameters, two subpopulations could be identified: a population with high reactivity (persons with pertussis infection) and a population with low reactivity (persons without pertussis infection). For absolute values in single samples, the area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curve was 0.993 and the optimum cutoff (with the highest cumulative value of specificity plus sensitivity) was 67.7 IU/ml (95% confidence interval, 63.9 to 74.1; sensitivity, 96.4%; specificity, 95.7%). A previously determined diagnostic cutoff of 125 IU/ml was associated with a sensitivity of 88.1% and a specificity of 98.8%. For increases in paired sera, the AUC was 0.999 and the optimum cutoff was 3.1-fold (95% CI, 2.8 to 3.4; sensitivity, 99.6%; specificity, 99.2%). Given the methodology of this study, estimates of sensitivity probably are overrated (because pertussis patients without IgG-Ptx response are not detected), but estimates of specificities can be considered very accurate.

scholarly journals Serological evidence and factors associated with porcine toxoplasmosis in three villages of Fara’s division in Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 2172-2180
Author(s):  
Laibané Dieudonné Dahourou ◽  
Oubri Bassa Gbati ◽  
Arnaud Rayangnéwêndé Stéphane Tapsoba ◽  
Saandi Moina Riziki ◽  
Amadou Traore
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Serological Evidence ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Factors Associated

Porcine toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis. This study was conducted to establish evidence of toxoplasmosis and its associated factors among pigs in three villages of Balés province, Burkina Faso. Serums samples were collected from 182 pigs and data was collected on farmers’ sociodemographics, origin (village) of pigs, pigs’ sex, age, breed and keeping systems through a household questionnaire interview. Serum samples were analyzed using indirect ELISA targeting IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. Results of the study showed an overall sero-prevalence of 16.5 % (95% CI: 11.1% – 21.9%). The sero-prevalence was higher in Toné (23.1%; 95% CI: 12.8% – 33.3%) and Kabourou (20.7%; 95% CI: 10.3% – 31.1%) compared to Sadon Bobo (5.1%; 95% CI: 0% – 10.7%) (p=0.01). It was also higher in pigs older than 12 months (23.2%; 95% CI: 14.9% – 31.5%) compared to pigs less than 12 months (8.4%; 95% CI: 02.4% – 14.4%) (p=0.00731). During rainy season, tethered pigs (7.1%; CI95: 0.40% – 13.8%) were less infected than housed pigs (20.6%; 95% CI: 11.1% – 21.9%) (p=0.02). Multivariate logistic regression model shows that pigs older than 12 months were more likely to get infected compared to pigs less than 12 months old (OR = 2.58; 95% CI = 1.00 - 6.62; p=0.04). These results provided evidence for the presence of T. gondii in pigs in this area.Keywords: Burkina Faso, pigs, Toxoplasma gondii, seroepidemiological studies, zoonosis.  

scholarly journals Evaluation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing in asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 patients in outbreak on a cruise ship

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihito Kaku ◽  
Fumitaka Nishimura ◽  
Yui Shigeishi ◽  
Rina Tachiki ◽  
Hironori Sakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Test ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cruise Ship ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Genetic Test Results

AbstractBackgroundA few studies on antibody testing have focused on asymptomatic or mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with low initial anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody responses. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-testing performance was evaluated using blood samples from asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 patients.MethodsBlood samples were collected from 143 COVID-19 patients during an outbreak on a cruise ship 3 weeks after diagnosis. Simultaneously, a second SARS-CoV-2 genetic test was performed. Samples stored before the COVID-19 pandemic were also used to evaluate the lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFA) and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). Titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies against the nucleocapsid and spike proteins were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to compare false-negative- with positive-result samples.ResultsSensitivity, specificity, positive-predictive, and negative-predictive values of LFA-detected IgM antibodies were 0.231, 1.000, 1.000, and 0.613, respectively; those of LFA-detected IgG antibodies were 0.483, 0.989, 0.972, and 0.601, respectively; and those of ECLIA-detected total antibodies were 0.783, 1.000, 1.000, and 0.848, respectively. IgM-, IgG-, and total-antibody positivity rates in the patients with negative results from the second genetic testing were 22.9%, 47.6%, and 72.4%, respectively. All antibody titers, especially those of the IgG antibody against nucleocapsid protein, were significantly lower in blood samples with false-negative results than in those with positive results.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing has lower performance in asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 patients than required in the guidelines, and situations in which it is useful are limited.Key pointsAnti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing in asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 patients is lower than the required clinical sensitivity, although it may be useful in patients at 3–4 weeks after symptom onset but with negative SARS-CoV-2 genetic test results.

scholarly journals Quantifying Serum Antiplague Antibody with a Fiber-Optic Biosensor

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 609-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
George P. Anderson ◽  
Keeley D. King ◽  
Lynn K. Cao ◽  
Meagan Jacoby ◽  
Frances S. Ligler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Competitive Assay ◽  
Protein Toxins ◽  
Whole Blood Samples ◽  
Good Agreement

ABSTRACT The fiber-optic biosensor, originally developed to detect hazardous biological agents such as protein toxins or bacterial cells, has been utilized to quantify the concentration of serum antiplague antibodies. This biosensor has been used to detect and quantify the plague fraction 1 antigen in serum, plasma, and whole-blood samples, but its ability to quantify serum antibodies has not been demonstrated. By using a competitive assay, the concentration of serum antiplague antibodies was ascertained in the range of 2 to 15 μg/ml. By making simple dilutions, concentrations for 11 serum samples whose antiplague antibody concentrations were unknown were determined and were found to be in good agreement with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results. The competitive assay method could be used to effectively determine the exposure to plague of animals or humans or could be applied to other diseases, such as hepatitis or AIDS, where the presence of antibodies is used to diagnose infection.

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