scholarly journals Antitumor activity of leaves of Himatanthus drasticus (Mart.) Plumel-Apocynaceae (janaguba) in the treatment of Sarcoma 180 tumor

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane Leite de Sousa ◽  
Ana Ruth Sampaio Grangeiro ◽  
Isla Vanessa Gomes Alves Bastos ◽  
Guilherme Carvalho Ribeiro Rodrigues ◽  
Maria Joselice e Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Tumor Growth Inhibition ◽  
Sarcoma 180 ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Low Toxicity

Himatanthus drasticus, also known as janaguba, is used popularly in Brazil's Northeastern region in the treatment of cancer. However, no scientific reports are available. The present study is the first investigation on the antitumor activity of crude methanolic extract from Himatanthus drasticus leaves against Sarcoma 180 tumor and on its side effects including acute oral toxicity. The OECD 423 methodology was used to study acute oral toxicity, and the STOCK methodology to assess antitumor activity. The crude extract showed low toxicity at the tested doses (50, 300 and 2000 mg/kg) administered orally. The histopathological analyses demonstrated alterations in liver lung, spleen and kidney. It also showed activity against Sarcoma 180 tumor in male Swiss albino mice, evidencing tumor growth inhibition of 67.7% and 68% at 300 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg doses, respectively.

Investigation of antiulcer activity of Pergularia extensa Linn

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Pavani C H
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antiulcer Activity ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Dose Dependent

This study was based on determination of the antiulcer activity from methanol extract was prepared by using barks of pergularia extensa linn.. Priliminary investigations showed presence of saponins, terpenes, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids and sterols. Based on OECD-423 Guidelines, the pharmacology and acute oral toxicity studies were conducted by using methanolic extract. Ulcer development was prevented by Tannins because of their vasoconstriction effects and due to protein precipitation. Similarly, the Methanolic extract of Pergularia extensa Linn shows triterpenoids and saponins. The phytoconstituents are present in the extract and these could be possible agents which are involved in order to prevent gastric lesions induced by aspirin. When compared to ulcerative control groups, this Pergularia extensa Linn., shows a dose dependent curative ratio. The extracts exhibited an inhibition percentage of 27.18, 45.47 and 61.28 at doses of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg doses respectively. 

Effects of carp and tuna oils on 5-fluorouracil-induced antitumor activity and side effects in sarcoma 180-bearing mice

Lipids ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Kimura ◽  
Takeshi Takaku ◽  
Shigeru Nakajima ◽  
Hiromichi Okuda
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Sarcoma 180

scholarly journals Evaluation of Toxicity, Bacteriostatic, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antipyretic Activities of Huangqin-Honghua-Pugongying-Jinyinhua Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Dongyang Ye ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Yinqian Li
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The extensive use of antibiotics has caused the global spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria and genes, seriously reducing antibiotic efficacy and threatening animal and human health. As an alternative, traditional Chinese veterinary medicine (TCVM) was used in this study for its lack of drug resistance and low toxicity. Huangqin-honghua-pugongying-jinyinhua extract (HHPJE), a novel TCVM, consists of the extracts of Huangqin (Scutellaria baicalensis), Honghua (Carthami Flos), Pugongying (Taraxacum) and Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), and was developed to treat bovine mastitis. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity, bacteriostatic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic activities of HHPJE. Our results show that HHPJE did not show any acute oral toxicity and can be considered safe for oral administration. Additionally, HHPJE possessed a dose-dependent antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus dysgalactiae. HHPJE (60, 30 and 15 g/kg) can reduce the abdominal pain by 44.83 ± 7.69%, 43.15 ± 9.50% and 26.14 ± 4.17%, respectively. The percentages of anti-inflammation inhibition (60, 30 and 15 g/kg) were 35.34 ± 2.17%, 22.29 ± 2.74% and 12.06 ± 3.61%, respectively. The inhibition rates (60, 30 and 15 g/kg) of antipyretic activity were 82.05%, 65.71% and 52.80%, respectively. The evaluation of pharmacodynamics and toxicity indicate that HHPJE possesses significant bacteriostatic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic potential, and also that it is safe for acute oral toxicity, which means it has potential value for treating bovine mastitis in future and alleviating clinical symptoms with no drug resistance or side effects.

Telotristat ethyl to enhance cytotoxic chemotherapy response in preclinical cholangiocarcinoma models.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 331-331
Author(s):  
Niranjan Awasthi ◽  
Margaret Schwarz ◽  
Roderich E. Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Peritoneal Dissemination ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Tumor Growth Inhibition ◽  
Chemotherapy Response ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Survival Studies

331 Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second-most common primary liver cancer after hepatocellular carcinoma. It has a poor prognosis with a 5-year survival rate of 5-15%. The current standard first-line therapy for advanced unresectable CCA is a combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin (GemCis) chemotherapy that leads to a median survival of 6-12 months. Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel ( nab-paclitaxel, NPT) is an approved therapy for breast, NSCLC and pancreatic cancer. Elevated levels of serotonin have been reported in CCA that has protumorigenic activity. We tested the hypothesis that telotristat ethyl (TE), an inhibitor of serotonin biosynthesis, has antitumor activity in CCA and it augments GemCis and nab-paclitaxel response in preclinical CCA models. Methods: Tumor growth experiments were performed in mice subcutaneous CCA intrahepatic CCLP-1 xenografts, extrahepatic TFK-1 xenografts and patient-derived xenografts. Animal survival studies were performed using human CCA intrahepatic CCLP-1 cells in the peritoneal dissemination model in NOD/SCID mice. Results: In intrahepatic CCLP-1 subcutaneous xenografts, compared with controls, reduction in tumor growth was observed by TE (53%), GemCis (53%) or NPT (69%). The combination of TE with GemCis or NPT exhibited an additive tumor growth inhibition response, GemCis+TE (85%) and NPT+TE (90%). In extrahepatic TFK-1 subcutaneous xenografts, TE led to a significant reduction in tumor growth (51%), while GemCis and NPT reduced tumor growth by 37% and 56%, respectively. Again, an additive tumor growth inhibition effect was observed by the addition of TE to chemotherapy, GemCis+TE (67%) and NPT+TE (74%). In CCA patient-derived subcutaneous xenografts, GemCis caused the greatest tumor growth reduction (80%) followed by NPT (57%) and TE (40%). Combinations increased tumor inhibition further: GemCis+TE (95%) and NPT+TE (91%). Mouse survival in peritoneal dissemination xenografts was only marginally enhanced by TE (11%) or GemCis (9%) while NPT led to a substantial extension (60%). Interestingly, the combination of TE with GemCis or NPT demonstrated a further extension in mice survival: GemCis+TE (26%) and NPT+TE (68%). Conclusions: TE had antitumor activity and it enhanced chemotherapy effects in several CCA preclinical models indicating that this therapeutic combination has the potential to ameliorate clinical therapy for CCAs of different origin.

Antitumor activity of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel in experimental gastric cancer.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 33-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhua Zhang ◽  
Katherine T Ostapoff ◽  
Niranjan Awasthi ◽  
Margaret A. Schwarz ◽  
Roderich Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Tumor Growth Inhibition ◽  
Human Gastric Cancer ◽  
Targeting Therapy ◽  
Paclitaxel Treatment

33 Background: Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer related death worldwide and lacks highly effective adjuvant or definitive systemic treatment for advanced disease. Nab-paclitaxel is a novel microtubule-targeting cytotoxic agent and not tested in gastric cancer as of yet. Methods: Human gastric cancer cell lines AGS, NCI-N87 and SNU16 were studied for treatment effects on cell proliferation, mitotic arrests and apoptosis in vitro and vivo. Tumor growth and survival studies were performed in murine xenografts. Results: Nab-paclitaxel inhibited cell proliferation with an IC50 of 2.01 nM in SNU16, 23.3 nM in AGS and 48.69 nM in NCI-N87 cells after 72-hour treatment, which was lower than that of oxaliplatin (1.05 μM to 1.51μM) and epirubicin (0.12 μM to 0.25 μM). Nab-paclitaxel treatment caused increased expression of the mitotic-spindle associated phospho-stathmin, nuclear fragmentation or karyopyknosis, and apoptotic events as confirmed through increased expression of cleaved-PARP and caspase-3. After a two-week nab-paclitaxel, oxaliplatin or epirubicin treatment, the local tumor growth inhibition rate was 77, 17.2 and 21.4 percent, respectively (p=0.002). Effects of therapy on tumoral proliferative and apoptotic indices corresponded with tumor growth inhibition data, while expression of phospho-stathmin also increased in tissues. There was an increase in median animal survival after nab-paclitaxel treatment (86 days) compared to controls (24 days, p=0.0004) or to oxaliplatin therapy (37.5 days, p=0.0005). Conclusions: The strong antitumor activity of nab-paclitaxel in experimental gastric cancer supports such microtubule-targeting therapy for clinical application. Nab-paclitaxel benefits were observed independent from phosphorylated stathmin expression at baseline, putting into question the consideration of nab-paclitaxel use in gastric cancer based on this putative biomarker.

Antitumor Activity of Cyclodextrin-based Supramolecular Platinum Prodrug In vitro and In vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1296-1301
Author(s):  
Yu-Hui Zhang ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Siqintana Xin ◽  
Li-Juan Wang ◽  
Xianliang Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Cell Permeability ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Low Toxicity

Background: Considering the limitations of cisplatin in clinical application, there is ongoing research to fabricate new platinum-containing prodrug which are highly effective to tumor cells and have low toxicity to normal cells. Methods: In this study, a cyclodextrin-based supramolecular platinum prodrug that is 6,6’-ophenylenediseleno- bridged bis (β-cyclodextrin)s (CD) and its potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) complex was reported. The cytotoxicity experiments were performed to evaluate the anticancer activities of supramolecular prodrug in vitro by means of MTT assay. The practical application of supramolecular prodrug in tumor treatment in vivo were evaluated using BALB/c nude mice model bearing Hela cancer cells. Results: Compared with commercial anticancer drug cisplatin, the resultant cyclodextrin-based platinum prodrug exhibited comparative anticancer effect but with much lower toxicity side effects in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: The cyclodextrin-based supramolecular platinum prodrug displayed antitumor activity comparable to the commercial antitumor drug cisplatin but with lower side effects both in vitro and in vivo, implying that the two adjacent cyclodextrin cavities not merely act as desired solubilizer, but also endowed the prodrug with cell permeability through the interaction of cyclodextrin with phospholipids and cholesterol on cell membrane.

scholarly journals Growth inhibition of Walker carcinosarcoma 256 with alcoholic extract of green tea leaves (Camellia sinensis)

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 634-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauriclécio Franco Ponte ◽  
Thiago Sousa e Silva Targino ◽  
Matheus Alves de Lima Mota ◽  
José Saul Peixoto Landim ◽  
Thyciana Rodrigues Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Tumor Growth Inhibition ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Control Solution ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

PURPOSE: To evaluate the antitumor activity of alcoholic extracts of green tea (Camella sinensis). METHODS: Four groups of six Wistar rats were inoculated intramuscularly with 10(6) Walker tumor cells/mL. During 10 days, the animals received by gavage either 0.9% saline solution (Group I; negative control), solution containing 20 mg/Kg of tamoxifen (Group II; positive control), solution containing 0.07 g/Kg alcoholic extract of C. sinensis (Group III), or solution containing 0.14 g/Kg alcoholic extract of C. sinensis (Group IV). Following euthanasia on the tenth day, the tumor, liver, kidneys and spleen were excised and weighed, and tumor volume and tumor growth inhibition were quantified. RESULTS: The average weight of the animals was greater in Group IV than in Group II (p=0.0107). Tumor weight was smaller in Group IV than in Group I (p=0.0062), but did not differ from Group II. Tumor volume was smaller in Groups II and IV than in Group I (p=0.0131). Tumor growth inhibition was observed in Groups II (44.67% ± 32.47), III (16.83% ± 53.02) and IV (66.4% ± 25.82) (p>0.05). The groups did not differ with regard to the weight of the excised organs. CONCLUSION: Alcoholic extracts of green tea have antitumor activity.

In-vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Convulsant activity of methanolic extract of Sarasvata Churna using scPTZ And MES Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Kaushik ◽  
Jainendra Jain ◽  
Avijit Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Anticonvulsant Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Toxicity Screening ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity

Background: Sarasvata Churna is an Ayurvedic formulation for treatment and management of Epilepsy and other maniac disorders since thousands years. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the in-vitro antioxidant potential, total phenolics and flavonoids content, acute-oral-toxicity and anticonvulsant activity of Sarasvata churna. Materials & Methods: In-vitro antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Sarasvata churna against Nitrous oxide, Peroxide, Phosphomolybdenum and Hydroxyl radicals performed using Colorimetry against Ascorbic acid as standard along with estimation of total phenolic and flavonoids content. Acute oral toxicity was evaluated using OECD guidelines. Extract in carboxymethyl cellulose at doses of 50,75,100,125,150 and 200mg/kg was screened for anticonvulsant activity using subcutaneous Pentylenetetrazole and Maximal Electroshock models in Swiss Albino Mice (n=6). Sodium valproate was used as standard. Results: IC50 value of methanolic extract in the Nitrous oxide, Peroxide, and Hydroxyl free radical scavenging assay was found to be 165mg/ml, 32.5mg/ml and 253.9mg/ml respectively as compared to 61.58µg/ml, 333.44µg/ml and 351µg/ml respectively of standard Ascorbic acid. In acute oral toxicity screening, animals did not showed any signs of acute and delayed toxicity even up to a dose of 2000mg/kg. Extract offered a protection of 57.39% and 85.26% in scPTZ model (P<0.0001) and 74% and 96.38% in MES model (P<0.0001) at doses of 50 and 200mg/kg respectively as compared to standard at 95% Confidance interval (ANNOVA, Tukey test) indicating a dose dependent protection. Conclusion: Sarasvata churna’s potentials are comparable with standard antioxidant Ascorbic acid and antiepileptic drug Sodium valproate. This preclinical and toxicity screening data can be beneficial in establishing the scientific basis for the use of Sarasvata churna in management of epilepsy.

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