Social Exclusion and Social Inclusion in the Public Health Security System

This article considers the current state of help with funeral expenses in Britain. It argues that assistance has been progressively and deliberately eroded to the point where the famous ‘from the cradle to the grave’ protection of the welfare state has been removed from increasing numbers of poor people. The article sets these developments within the context of the contemporary British funeral industry, with emphasis upon its treatment of less-well-off consumers. The changing nature of social security provision for funeral expenses is traced in detail, including the actions of the incoming 1997 Labour government. This article investigates the public health role of local authorities in the case of burials, concluding that such services are insufficiently robust to meet the new weight placed upon them. The article ends with a consideration of the impact which these different changes produce in the lives of individuals upon whom they have an effect.

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Mass-gathering Events: The Public Health Challenge of the Kumbh Mela 2013

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x15005245 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 621-624 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Suresh Dwivedi ◽

Mudera P. Cariappa

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Low Cost ◽

Health Planning ◽

Sporting Events ◽

Mass Gathering ◽

Publication Type ◽

Health Security ◽

The Public ◽

Health Challenge ◽

Public Health Challenge

AbstractMass-gathering (MG) events pose challenges to the most adept of public health practitioners in ensuring the health safety of the population. These MGs can be for sporting events, musical festivals, or more commonly, have religious undertones. The Kumbh Mela 2013 at Allahabad, India may have been the largest gathering of humanity in history with nearly 120 million pilgrims having thronged the venue. The scale of the event posed a challenge to the maintenance of public health security and safety. A snapshot of the experience of managing the hygiene and sanitation aspects of this mega event is presented herein, highlighting the importance of proactive public health planning and preparedness. There having been no outbreaks of disease is vindication of the steps undertaken in planning and preparedness, notwithstanding obvious limitations of insanitary behaviors and traditional beliefs of those attending the festival. The evident flaw on post-event analyses was the failure to cater adequately for environmental mopping-up operations after the festival. Besides, a system of real-time monitoring of disease and morbidity patterns, harnessing low cost technology alternatives, should be planned for at all such future events.DwivediS, CariappaMP. Mass-gathering events: the public health challenge of the Kumbh Mela 2013. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2015;30(6):621–624.

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Ser inmigrante y vivir en España en un contexto de crisis internacional. Análisis crítico de la evolución de las políticas públicas de inmigración y vivienda

Trabajo Social Global-Global Social Work ◽

10.30827/tsg-gsw.v5i8.2548 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 68-89

Author(s):

Diego Pacual López-Carmona ◽

Manuel Hernández-Pedreño

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Labour Market ◽

Social Exclusion ◽

Economic Crisis ◽

Social Inclusion ◽

Public Policies ◽

Current Situation ◽

Vulnerable Group ◽

Exclusion Processes ◽

The Public

El acceso y la permanencia en una vivienda digna constituyen elementos fundamentales en los procesos de inclusión social. Los inmigrantes son un colectivo tradicionalmente vulnerable ante los procesos de exclusión residencial y, desde el origen de la crisis, esta vulnerabilidad se ha visto incrementada, en gran medida por su expulsión del mercado de trabajo. Desde el enfoque de las trayectorias residenciales de los inmigrantes, se ha analizado la situación actual de la exclusión residencial de este colectivo en España. Para ello se han combinado técnicas cuantitativas con revisión de estudios previos y legislaciones. Mediante el análisis cuantitativo realizado con datos procedentes de las principales fuentes estadísticas oficiales, se han analizado las principales problemáticas que afectan a los inmigrantes en relación con la exclusión residencial. Posteriormente, se ha realizado un análisis de la evolución y el impacto de las políticas públicas destinadas a combatir la exclusión residencial de los inmigrantes en España. Finalmente, se presenta un diagnóstico de la situación actual. The access to and the stay in a decent housing are key elements in social inclusion processes. Immigrants are a traditionally vulnerable group to residential exclusion processes and since the beginning of this economic crisis, this vulnerability has greatly increased due to immigrants have been excluded from the labour market. From the approach of the immigrants’ residential trajectories, the current residential situation of immigrants in Spain has been analysed. For that purpose, quantitative techniques and the review of previous studies and legislations have been combined. By the quantitative analysis carried out with data from the official statistical sources, the main problems affecting immigrants in terms of residential exclusion have been analysed. Subsequently, an analysis of the evolution and impact of the public policies aimed at combating the immigrants’ social exclusion in Spain has been carried out. Finally, a diagnosis of the current situation is submitted.

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The Strategic Dimension of the Public Health Sector in the Global Age. The Nexus Between Public Health and National Security

Land Forces Academy Review ◽

10.2478/raft-2020-0012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 100-107

Author(s):

Anca Dinicu

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

National Security ◽

Health Sector ◽

Well Being ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Health Security ◽

The Public ◽

Public Health Sector ◽

Concept Of Health ◽

Global Age

AbstractAlthough the health sector is a great contributor to the well-being status of every individual and community as a whole, and it is recognized that good health supports the economy, the idea of connecting it with the national security was not very much promoted by the public policymakers, nor by the academics. Over the last three decades, not only that the situation has started to change, but even the concept of health security has gained acceptance and attractiveness. Nevertheless, there is a great debate in theory and practice concerning the real meaning of the concept and the way of understanding it by the professionals from different domains connected with the public health sector. Not to mention that its importance is brought into discussion mainly in times of crisis and the disagreement regarding its content and scope is much deeper between developed and developing countries. This paper proposes to make the necessary distinction between the concepts that constitute the foundation of the specific analysis, but without treating them in a separate way. Also, by dealing with the concept of health security, it aims at highlighting the role of government in the process and last, but not least, to emphasize the need of international cooperation in the global age.

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The Health-Security Nexus and the European Union: Toward a Research Agenda

European Journal of Risk Regulation ◽

10.1017/err.2017.34 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 613-625 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hylke DIJKSTRA ◽

Anniek DE RUIJTER

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

European Union ◽

Research Agenda ◽

Security Policy ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

The European Union ◽

Health Security ◽

The Public ◽

Integrated Policy ◽

Recent Policy

AbstractThe European Union is increasingly moving toward an integrated policy approach, which also acknowledges linkages between public health and (external) security policy. This introduction to the Special Issue sets out a research agenda on the emerging health-security nexus. It analyses recent policy developments with respect to the public health and security, and discusses interactions along the health-security nexus in the context of the European Union. It suggests drivers behind the integrated approach and it critically examines the health-security nexus from the perspective of effectiveness and legitimacy.

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Policy learning from influenza and the preparedness of the public health sector: A Latvian case study

10.14293/s2199-1006.1.sor-.ppxg57d.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ieva_Daniela Beinarovica

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Sector ◽

Policy Learning ◽

Future Research ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Health Security ◽

The Public ◽

Public Health Sector ◽

Learning And Change

Due to globalization and continuous development and mutation and development of various pathogens, infectious diseases have transcended the public health sector and become issues of Global Public Health Security. Influenza – an infectious disease that is both a cyclical, yearly occurrence and the cause of several deadly global pandemics – regularly challenges the public health sector thus providing opportunities for policy learning and evidence bases policy change. By applying the Algorithm for continuous analysis of policy learning and change, this publication investigates whether and how policy learning and change took place in Latvia after the 2006/2007 influenza season, when a record number of infection cases was registered. Although the conclusions of this publication cannot be generalized, it provides valuable insights for future research, especially for the analysis of the management of the Covid-19 pandemic in Latvia.

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Political discourse, military and securitization of health nexus: contemporary security challenges and the military role in public health security

Srpska politička misao ◽

10.22182/spm.6642019.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (4/2019) ◽

pp. 45-75

Author(s):

Vanja Rokvić ◽

Vladimir Ajzenhamer

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Political Discourse ◽

Armed Forces ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Health Security ◽

The Public ◽

Security Challenges ◽

Important Health ◽

The Republic ◽

The Impact

The purpose of this paper is to provide answers to the questions why health is viewed through the lens of national and international security, and what might be the potential role of the armed forces in strategic response to health security challenges. Relying on theoretical settings of Foucault’s discourse studies and securitization concept developed by the Copenhagen School of security studies, authors will try to illuminate the nexus between political discourse, military and securitization of health. The analysis of the political and academic discourse has found that with regard to security the most important health challenges are considered the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases, especially HIV/AIDS, and the ability to make use of biological agents as weapons. As the most important reasons why health is viewed through the lens of security are considered to be major economic losses incurred due to health crises, high mortality rates, migration, the impact of health crises on the armed forces and peacekeeping operations. The paper concluded that the armed forces play a role in the public health security through monitoring and early warning, through epidemiological and laboratory opportunities for early detection of new epidemics or pathogens, as well as through providing assistance after major natural disasters. The paper analyzes the public health and security in the Republic of Serbia, and it was concluded that it is necessary to undertake more efforts in recognizing health as a field of national security, and health risks as the risks of security.

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COVID-19 Crisis: Impact on Households of the Roma Community

International Journal of Roma Studies ◽

10.17583/ijrs.2020.6242 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Javier Arza Porras ◽

Diana Gil-González ◽

Lluis Catalá Oltra ◽

Francisco Francés García ◽

María Eugenia González Angulo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Exclusion ◽

Social Inclusion ◽

Public Universities ◽

Telephone Interview ◽

Roma Population ◽

The Public ◽

Health Institute ◽

Phase 0 ◽

The Impact ◽

Carlos Iii

The aim of this study is to analyse the impact that COVID-19 has had on the Roma population, showing results of a telephone interview on a sample of 592 Roma households in phase 0 of confinement. This study has been developed by means of an alliance in which researchers from the public universities of Alicante and Navarre and the Health Institute Carlos III have participated, as well as several Roma associations. The results reflect the significant impact that the pandemic has caused in households that were already affected by social exclusion and inequality. This impact goes beyond health and affects all dimensions of social inclusion, from employment to education, including income, meeting basic needs and discrimination.

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Is the country-level income an important factor to consider for COVID-19 control? An analysis of selected 100 countries

International Journal of Health Governance ◽

10.1108/ijhg-10-2020-0121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Veli Durmuş

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Income Group ◽

Health Security ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Content Type ◽

The Public ◽

Country Level ◽

Income Groups ◽

Incidence And Mortality

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between economic activity in a country, as measured by the gross domestic product (GDP) and the control of the COVID-19 pandemic outcomes, as measured by the rate of incidence and mortality increase per 100,000 population in different countries using up-to-date data, in the light of public health security capacities including prevention, detection, respond, enabling function, operational readiness, as measured by the 2019 State Party self-assessment annual reporting (SPAR) submissions of 100 countries.Design/methodology/approachFor this analytical study, multiple linear regression analyses were performed for each variable with the COVID-19 incidence and mortality rates, while controlling for Human Development Index (HDI) and GDP.FindingsCountries with higher income levels were significantly more likely to have a higher incidence and mortality rate per 100,000 population. Among the public health capacity categories, prevention of the infectious disease and detection of the pathogens were significantly associated with lower incidence and mortality of the COVID-19 pandemic. The country-level income was found to be an important negative predictor of COVID-19 control.Practical implicationsThese findings present to decision-makers in organizing mitigation strategies to struggle emerging infectious pandemics and highlight the role of country-level income while trying to control COVID-19. In order to determine the priority settings for the fight against pandemic, national policy-makers and international organizations should notice that countries in a high-income group had better health security capacities than that of other income groups, particularly in low- and lower-middle-income groups. The results of the capabilities of health security by the income group can assist health policy makers and other international agencies in resource allocation decisions and in mitigating risk with more informed resource planning.Social implicationsThe income level of countries may have a positive effect on public health strategies to mitigate the risk of infection of COVID-19. This study may assist the local public authorities to gain a better level of understanding on the relationship country-level income and COVID-19 outcomes in order to take appropriate measures at the local level. The results also highlighted the importance role of public health security capacities for the pandemic control policy.Originality/valueAlthough previous studies have examined to assess the public health capability by country-level and to describe cases and deaths by continent and by country, very limited studies have evaluated the rate of incidence and mortality of COVID-19 by country-level income and by health expenditure using the data on the health security capacities with analytical and practical approaches.

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Food biosecurity in the United States

Microbiology Australia ◽

10.1071/ma04310 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 10

Author(s):

Stephen J Knabel

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Food Supply ◽

The United States ◽

Terrorist Attacks ◽

Health Security ◽

The Public ◽

Governmental Agencies ◽

The Us ◽

Title Iii ◽

Terrorist Acts

The events of 11 September 2001 highlighted the vulnerability of US citizens and the US society in general to terrorist attacks. Since then, numerous governmental agencies and scientific bodies have emphasised the need to enhance the biosecurity of the US food supply. Food biosecurity is the prevention of intentional contamination of food with hazardous biological agents through tampering or other malicious, criminal or terrorist actions or threats. As part of the nation?s response to this issue, Congress passed the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Response Act of 2002. Title III of the Bioterrorism Act includes a number of provisions designed to improve the food safety efforts of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), including new authority to protect the food supply against terrorist acts and other threats.

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