scholarly journals Impacts of water regulation on Tenualosa ilisha in the Narmada Estuary, Gujarat, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dibakar Bhakta ◽  
Wakamban Anand Meetei ◽  
Gopinathan Vaisakh ◽  
Sanjoy Kumar Das ◽  
Ranjan Kumar Manna
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Water Regulation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sand Bars ◽  
Tenualosa Ilisha ◽  
Sardar Sarovar ◽  
And Control ◽  
Sardar Sarovar Dam ◽  
Regular Flow

Hilsa, Tenualosa ilisha is a highly prestigious fish for esteemed delicious taste, high market demand and price. It forms an important fishery of funnel-shaped 72 km long Narmada Estuary. Rapid decline in hilsa catch has been recorded in the Narmada Estuary over last few decades. Hilsa catch was recorded 5180 ton in 2006–07 that reduced to only 419 ton in 2014–15. Pre-impoundment of dam showed that T. ilisha contributed to the tune of 977.1 to 3727 ton from 1974–75 to 1982–83 and the highest catch of hilsa was 15319 ton during 1993–94. Sardar Sarovar Dam started functional in the year 1994 which has impacted natural water flow of the river and resulted in a reduction of freshwater availability in the estuary; the development of sand bars at the mouth of the estuary also reduced the tidal ingress into the system; low depth, loss of breeding, nursery and feeding grounds, over fishing may be the most important factors affecting hilsa fishery in Narmada estuary. Catching of juvenile hilsa during winter by ‘Golava’ net (small meshed bag net) also led to a rapid decline in hilsa catch. To maintain the sustainable yield of hilsa, selective fishing and control of juvenile catch are the prerequisites along with maintaining regular flow from the dam.

Green peach aphid and potato leafroll virus: transmission and control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Bagrov ◽  
◽  
V.I. Leunov
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Potato Leafroll Virus ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Potato Viruses ◽  
Tuber Necrosis ◽  
Aphid Vectors ◽  
Leafroll Virus ◽  
And Control

The mechanisms of transmission of potato viruses from plants to aphid vectors and from aphids to uninfected plants are described, including the example of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae, GPA). Factors affecting the spreading of tuber necrosis and its manifestation on plants infected with potato leafroll virus (PLRV) are discussed. Recommendations for PLRV and GPA control in the field are given.

scholarly journals Interactive effects between travel behaviour and COVID-19: a questionnaire study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinbao Zhang ◽  
Jaeyoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Passenger Volume ◽  
Spatial Autoregressive ◽  
Railway Passenger ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control

Abstract This study has two main objectives: (i) to analyse the effect of travel characteristics on the spreading of disease, and (ii) to determine the effect of COVID-19 on travel behaviour at the individual level. First, the study analyses the effect of passenger volume and the proportions of different modes of travel on the spread of COVID-19 in the early stage. The developed spatial autoregressive model shows that total passenger volume and proportions of air and railway passenger volumes are positively associated with the cumulative confirmed cases. Second, a questionnaire is analysed to determine changes in travel behaviour after COVID-19. The results indicate that the number of total trips considerably decreased. Public transport usage decreased by 20.5%, while private car usage increased by 6.4%. Then the factors affecting the changes in travel behaviour are analysed by logit models. The findings reveal significant factors, including gender, occupation and travel restriction. It is expected that the findings from this study would be helpful for management and control of traffic during a pandemic.

Extreme price moves: an INGARCH approach to model coexceedances in commodity markets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardina Algieri ◽  
Arturo Leccadito
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
Credit Spread ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Monday Effect ◽  
Tail Events ◽  
Weather Anomalies

Abstract This study presents a set of integer-valued generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic models to identify possible transmission channels of joint extreme price moves (coexceedances) across a group of agricultural commodities. These models are very useful to identify factors affecting joint tail events and they are superior in terms of goodness of fit to models without autoregressive components. Emerging market demand, crude oil, exchange rate, stock market conditions and credit spread explain extreme joint returns. Psychological factors and the Monday effect play a role in affecting extreme events, while weather anomalies (El Niño and La Niña episodes) do not have explanatory power.

scholarly journals Rapid decline of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among infected healthcare workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Marot ◽  
◽  
Isabelle Malet ◽  
Valentin Leducq ◽  
Karen Zafilaza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
And Control

AbstractThere are only few data concerning persistence of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) among SARS-CoV-2-infected healthcare workers (HCW). These individuals are particularly exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection and at potential risk of reinfection. We followed 26 HCW with mild COVID-19 three weeks (D21), two months (M2) and three months (M3) after the onset of symptoms. All the HCW had anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) IgA at D21, decreasing to 38.5% at M3 (p < 0.0001). Concomitantly a significant decrease in NAb titers was observed between D21 and M2 (p = 0.03) and between D21 and M3 (p < 0.0001). Here, we report that SARS-CoV-2 can elicit a NAb response correlated with anti-RBD antibody levels. However, this neutralizing activity declines, and may even be lost, in association with a decrease in systemic IgA antibody levels, from two months after disease onset. This short-lasting humoral protection supports strong recommendations to maintain infection prevention and control measures in HCW, and suggests that periodic boosts of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination may be required.

scholarly journals Activity and Mechanism of Action of Antifungal Peptides from Microorganisms: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3438
Author(s):  
Tianxi Li ◽  
Lulu Li ◽  
Fangyuan Du ◽  
Lei Sun ◽  
Jichao Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Antifungal Peptides ◽  
Control Work ◽  
And Control

Harmful fungi in nature not only cause diseases in plants, but also fungal infection and poisoning when people and animals eat food derived from crops contaminated with them. Unfortunately, such fungi are becoming increasingly more resistant to traditional synthetic antifungal drugs, which can make prevention and control work increasingly more difficult to achieve. This means they are potentially very harmful to human health and lifestyle. Antifungal peptides are natural substances produced by organisms to defend themselves against harmful fungi. As a result, they have become an important research object to help deal with harmful fungi and overcome their drug resistance. Moreover, they are expected to be developed into new therapeutic drugs against drug-resistant fungi in clinical application. This review focuses on antifungal peptides that have been isolated from bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms to date. Their antifungal activity and factors affecting it are outlined in terms of their antibacterial spectra and effects. The toxic effects of the antifungal peptides and their common solutions are mentioned. The mechanisms of action of the antifungal peptides are described according to their action pathways. The work provides a useful reference for further clinical research and the development of safe antifungal drugs that have high efficiencies and broad application spectra.

scholarly journals TO IMPROVE THE ANALYSIS OF THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF THE BUSINESS IN GEORGIAN ENTERPRISES

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
IZOLDA CHILADZE
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this paper is to improve the analysis of the financial stability of enterprises and to identify the key factors affecting the establishment of the sustainable growth trend of enterprises (except the financial sector) in Georgia. Answering the question: what financial challenges do enterprises in Georgia face today and be designed consequently, recommendations for strengthening the financial stability of enterprises should be developed in Georgia, increasing solvency and mitigating bankruptcy risks? The necessity for the financial stability of enterprises is becoming increasingly important both for sustainable business growth and for the stability of the international financial market.The subject of the study is the financial positions and financial results of the analytical enterprises. The first and second categories of joint-stock companies of Georgia and limited liability companies were selected as the research objects. Ten enterprises in total. The research methodology includes methods of economic and statistical analysis, factor analysis, vertical, horizontal, proportional and ratio analysis.In order to improve financial management and control, the paper presents multi-factor models of several indicators created by the author. These are: the tree-factor model the coefficient of the organic structure of capital, an eight-factor model of profitability and a six-factor model of the Financial leverage. The paper conducts practical research on the example of ten Georgian companies and concludes that the main challenges in today›s Georgia are the dangers of losing financial stability and bankruptcy. The reason for such a tense financial situation is not a «Corona-19». According to the author, the main reasons for the instability of enterprises in Georgia are: The Irresponsibility of business owners and management, low management professionalism and hidden flows of cash resources.

Investigating the Effect of Positive, Intermediate and Negative Enabling and Training Factors Affecting Physical Activity in Pregnant Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Kianfard ◽  
Farkhonde Amin SHokravi ◽  
Sakineh Rakhshanderou ◽  
Shamsaddin Niknami
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
E Learning ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract BackgroundPhysical activity during pregnancy period is one of the issues with priority during pregnancy period. Researches show that women reduce their physical activity during this period and are unaware of the benefits on the health of the mother and embryology. Although researchers regarding physical activity during pregnancy have prepared many guidelines; it is not however clear why pregnant women do not perform physical activity and the effectiveness factors that facilitate the desired behavior. MethodsThe research population included all pregnant women aged 18 to 40 years with gestational age of 12-38 weeks referring to the healthcare centers in District 5 of Tehran Municipality, from 22 districts of the city who had eliminated their physical activity during pregnancy. Questionnaires of physical activity assessment questionnaire after educational intervention in pregnant women (PPAQ) and a questionnaire designed based on the results of the needs assessment and the dimensions of the PEN-3 model were used for assessment. This study is a Research Clinical Trial (RCT). Due to the nature, a quasi-experimental research design (pre-test, post-test) with the control group was used in this research. ResultsBased on the obtained results, the intervention based on E-learning has a significant effect of enabling factors to increase physical activity in pregnant women in the experimental group. In addition, the intervention based on E-learning has a significant effect on the training factors in order to increase physical activity in pregnant women in the experimental group. ConclusionBased on the research results, it can be said that there is a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the scores obtained from training factors in the pretest and the experimental group. Furthermore, it can be said that there is a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the scores obtained from the enabling factors in the pre-test and the experimental group.

scholarly journals Elaborating factors affecting visual control in a big room

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
Jukka Majava ◽  
Harri Haapasalo ◽  
Kirsi Aaltonen
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Visual Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
And Control

Purpose The “big room” concept and lean philosophy have become increasingly popular in the construction industry. Visual control is a central part of lean philosophy and the big room concept; its aim is to improve information flow, joint problem-solving and real-time decision-making. Visual control facilitates effective project management by providing information on what work is performed and why, customer requirements, deadlines, work status and potential problems. This study aims to explore how visualisation supports project management and control in a big room and the factors that facilitate good visual control. Design/methodology/approach This research is based on the case study method, and the objective is to elaborate the current understanding of factors that affect visual control. The study includes a literature review and an empirical study of a large construction project. Findings The results indicate that many factors facilitate visual control. Despite the importance of facilities and tools, communication and teamwork are identified as the key factors. On a broader level, the results indicate a need for a holistic approach in developing visual management strategies and practices in the construction industry and in complex projects in particular. Research limitations/implications A single case may not be able to offer a generalised picture of this complex topic. However, the study provides novel insights for practitioners and researchers interested in the development of visual control and big rooms. Future research topics are also proposed. Originality/value While previous studies have identified many elements of successful big room implementation – including integration and early involvement, information sharing, tools and facilities – this study focusses specifically on the factors that facilitate visual control.

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