scholarly journals Mechanochemical technology of iron extraction from enrichment tailings

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-291
Author(s):  
V. I. Golik ◽  
Yu. V. Dmitrak ◽  
Yu. I. Razorenov ◽  
S. A. Maslennikov ◽  
V. I. Lyashenko
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Water Stream ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Iron Extraction ◽  
Chemical Enrichment ◽  
Tailing Dams ◽  
Process Factors

The article describes the results of studies on ore dressing waste processing at the enterprises of the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly with production of metals and building materials. About 1.8 billion tons of tailings were stored there. Significant feature of deposits formation is division of tailings by size and specific gravity in water stream, since tailings are transported from the enrichment plant to the tailing dams by hydrotransport. Characteristics of the tailings from wet magnetic research method was applied, including system analysis and scientific generalization, data processing using methods of statistics, probability theory and mathematical modeling. The authors have systematized the results of tailings leaching of following types: agitation leaching in percolator, agitation leaching after activation in disintegrator in the dry state and reagent leaching in disintegrator. Regression analysis of experimental data have been carried out, on the basis of which graphs of dependence of iron extraction on the values of variable process factors were constructed. The used enrichment technologies are limited by extraction limit, which results in processing tailings. The use of these tailings by traditional technologies is not economically efficient, and upgrading of enrichment processes is advisable using hydrometallurgical and chemical technologies. Promising direction in metals extraction from mining waste is combination of processing technologies based on possibilities of both chemical enrichment and activation in disintegrator. It was determined that mechanochemical activation of tailings in disintegrator simultaneously with leaching can significantly increase extraction while the processing time is reduced hundredfold. Recommended technology may be in demand at mining enterprises with the prospect of transition to underground mining.

scholarly journals Simulation of deposit parameters in underground development mining

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 00029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Golik ◽  
Yuriy Razorenov ◽  
Volodymyr Morkun ◽  
Nataliia Morkun
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Physical Simulation ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Ore Body ◽  
Advanced Experience ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Complex Criterion ◽  
Economic Indices ◽  
Equipment Application

The article is aimed at improving development mining to prepare an ore body for stoping by access ramps to provide comfortable conditions and high technical and economic indices in underground mining. Efficient parameters of underground mining are chosen in the course of simulating data on the mining theory and practice considering ore losses and dilution on the basis of critical analysis of uranium mining enterprises’ activities. The research provides data on geological and engineering zoning of an ore deposit and physical-mechanical properties of ore bearing rocks. The advanced experience is systemized and there is provided system analysis of modern development mining schemes with access ramps (ring, spiral, one-way inclined, central inclined and across the strike). The research recommends schemes of development mining and substantiates their advantages. There are quantitative indices of physical simulation of development variants as to drawn ore quality according to criteria of soil location in ore draw points. The scientific novelty implies developing the criterion of optimality and ranking variants of development mining according to technical-economic and geomechanical indices considering some technological factors as well as the number of stopes operating simultaneously on the level. The study consists in increasing authenticity of development projects through applying complex schemes of access ramps according to the complex criterion of increasing mining depths, equipment application, ventilation and underground mine capacity.

The New Vitality of Modern Concrete Constructions

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 1550-1555
Author(s):  
Tie Mao Shi ◽  
Dong Xu Xu ◽  
Feng Ming Xi
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Architectural Form ◽  
Concrete Building ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Relationship

The paper compared the differences between modern concrete and traditional concrete with a new perspective on concrete constructions. The renewability, building energy efficiency, ecological benefits and value of modern concrete constructions are analyzed. How the modern concrete changes the disadvantages was explained by case study and system analysis. The paper paid more attention to the relationship between the generation of architectural form and concrete building materials. The analysis showed that modern concrete was still a vital building material with the effect of carbon sequestration.

scholarly journals Analysis of Rotational Stiffness of the Timber Frame Connection

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Marek Johanides ◽  
Lenka Kubíncová ◽  
David Mikolášek ◽  
Antonín Lokaj ◽  
Oldřich Sucharda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Timber Frame ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Material Load ◽  
Diaphragm Beam

Initially, timber was considered only as an easily accessible and processable material in nature; however, its excellent properties have since become better understood. During the discovery of new building materials and thanks to new technological development processes, industrial processing technologies and gradually drastically decreasing forest areas, wood has become an increasingly neglected material. Load-bearing structures are made mostly of reinforced concrete or steel elements. However, ecological changes, the obvious problems associated with environmental pollution and climate change, are drawing increasing attention to the importance of environmental awareness. These factors are attracting increased attention to wood as a building material. The increased demand for timber as a building material offers the possibility of improving its mechanical and physical properties, and so new wood-based composite materials or new joints of timber structures are being developed to ensure a better load capacity and stiffness of the structure. Therefore, this article deals with the improvement of the frame connection of the timber frame column and a diaphragm beam using mechanical fasteners. In common practice, bolts or a combination of bolts and pins are used for this type of connection. The subject of the research and its motivation was to replace these commonly used fasteners with more modern ones to shorten and simplify the assembly time and to improve the load capacity and rigidity of this type of frame connection.

scholarly journals Geo-Environmental Problems of Open Pit Mining: Classification and Solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 01034
Author(s):  
Michaela Koščová ◽  
Mark Hellmer ◽  
Seroni Anyona ◽  
Tatiana Gvozdkova
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Production Equipment ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Open Development ◽  
Entire Complex

Open mining development is the cheapest method, because it uses powerful production equipment, which allows a large amount of minerals to be excavated during a shift. Working conditions in open development are less dangerous for the health of workers, and a smaller number of supervisory personnel than in underground mining is required. In the process of open development, stripping works are first carried out, i.e. the removal of the empty rocks covering the deposit. Constantly growing requirements for energy sources, metal ores and building materials cause the need for intensive development of the mining industry. There is a rejection of significant areas for the development of minerals in an open and closed way. The causes of degradation are both the mining of minerals, as well as construction, the placement of production and consumption wastes in the natural environment. Changes in the components of the environment are observed as a result of direct or indirect influence of mining enterprises activities. This requires an analysis of the entire complex of geo-environmental problems of open mining and the identification of the most urgent ways to solve them.

scholarly journals Classification of Packaging Waste in the Municipal Solid Waste and Preconditions of its Effective Treatment in Regions Of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Packaging Waste ◽  
Waste Flow

Purpose. Characteristics of the packaging waste group and development of such waste classification systems on various grounds, as well as the definition of areas for effective management and treatment. Methods. System analysis, methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization and interpretation. Results. Studies of the municipal solid waste composition in the cities of Ukraine do not allow to fully quantify the packaging waste, but the approximate content of such waste is 10-20%. Packaging waste can be classified by composition, place of generation and treatment options. The classification of packaging waste on the basis of the waste hierarchy is the basis for the developed priority number of directions of such waste management. It is indicated that packaging waste is the secondary material resources of the first stage with the available processing technologies. Increasing the extraction rate of packaging waste from the total municipal solid waste flow is a necessary condition for the efficient use of their resource potential and is possible only in case of waste flow differentiation at the beginning of its life cycle. Conclusions. The packaging waste group in the municipal solid waste is characterized by a significant content and variety of composition, which can be classified on various grounds, such as composition, place of generation and approach to management and treatment. In accordance with the developed priority number of waste management directions, it is necessary to create less packaging, and the existing one is effectively recycled and produced from biodegradable materials. In modern conditions, packaging waste is the most common secondary raw material, but due to the extremely low level of separate collection implementation, such waste loses its resource value and pollutes the environment. Therefore, proper organization of separate collection is the key to effective utilization of packaging waste.

scholarly journals GENERAL METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES, PROVISIONS AND PRINCIPLES OF CREATING THE HOUSING MODULE LUNAR BASE

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Т.D NIKIFOROVA ◽  
S.Ye. SHEKHORKINA ◽  
О.H. ZYNKEVYCH ◽  
T.Yu. SHEVCHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Complete Life Cycle ◽  
Lunar Rocks ◽  
Article Analysis ◽  
The Creation

Problem statement. Today, the world's leading researchers are working on the creation of objects on the surface of the Moon. One of the urgent tasks is to develop living modules that provide the necessary protection for the crew of the lunar missions. Analysis of existing research has shown that in order to support long-term surface missions, the lunar infrastructure must provide the necessary functionality of the housing base, such as extraction and processing of raw materials, construction, construction of buildings and structures, life support. Purpose of the article. Analysis of the current state of scientific and applied problems and setting goals and objectives of the further study. The subject of the study is to establish the patterns of lunar bases design and operation in the human civilization interests. Conclusions. The solution of the objectives of the study using the proposed systematic approach of creating an innovative dual-use product, namely, the development of building materials, products and structures by additive technologies (3D-printing) and recommendations for their production will allow the creation of high-security building projects that can be used for development of the Moon and the Earth, which will contribute to the development of domestic territorial and industrial infrastructure. The earth and lunar rocks are extremely similar, so the earth rock processing technologies can be applied to the lunar rocks. The development of the residential module and the structures design must take into account the complete life cycle of the lunar base facilities, as well as the physiological needs of the lunar base crew.

scholarly journals Factor Model of Labor Productivity in the Coal Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-567
Author(s):  
Evgeny Kharlampenkov ◽  
Irina Kudryashova
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Multiplicative Model ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Labor Efficiency

The article introduces the problem of increasing the labor efficiency at Russian coal enterprises. Using the case of Kuzbass, the authors examined factors that affect labor efficiency in coal industry, e.g. new equipment and mining technologies, qualified personnel, robotics, new quality management and information technologies, etc. They used a multiplicative model to estimate the key factors and made forecast of its dynamics up to 2035 for open and underground mining. The authors believe that effective models of mining enterprise management are impossible without a radical increase in labor efficiency, since it indicates labor costs in the production of the final product per unit of time. Labor efficiency in the open-pit mining is higher, as it has lower labor costs and offers a simple and safe way of organizing labor processes. However, new equipment can increase the efficiency of underground mining. Underground mines also demonstrate a faster growth of labor efficiency than open pits. The authors justified the need to assess labor efficiency using a system analysis and a multiplicative model. As global coal market continues to deteriorate, mining labor efficiency can still maintain positive long-term rates of growth if it manages to optimize deliveries and increase the labor efficiency at the federal level. The research possesses considerable theoretical and practical significance as it offers a solution for of the most relevant challenges.

scholarly journals PREPARING SOLUTIONS BASED ON INDUSTRIAL WASTE FOR FRACTURED SURFACE STRENGTHENING

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (443) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Aitkazinova Sh.A., ◽  
◽  
Bek А.А., ◽  
Derbisov K.T., ◽  
Donenbayeva N.S., ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractured Rocks ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

Results of longstanding researches of Satbayev University scientists on the development of modified building materials to strengthen cracked mountain structures based on industrial waste are considered. Industrial processing of technogenic raw materials (enrichment and processing waste, overburden and enclosing rocks), which is similar in composition to natural and used in conventional trend, scarcely different from industrial processing of mineral raw materials. Creation of effective technologies for the processing of technogenic raw materials is an urgent task, which make it possible to obtain competitive products from it for various industries. Various methods of preparing solutions for strengthening of fractured rocks and building structures are analyzed. Research results of tailings of the Balkhash Mining and Metallurgical Combine and preparing solutions for strengthening fractured rocks and underground mining structures are presented. Rock mass strengthening in cracked areas is achieved by adding substances into the cracks, which after hardening and solidification with rocks, increase its shearing resistance characteristics. The most widespread hardening methods were cementation during mine workings (underground structures) in fractured rocks. Significance of obtained results for construction industry is in expansion and reproduction of raw material base of building materials industry through the use of Mining and metallurgical complex waste (tailings) and development of resource-saving technologies. Practical significance of work is in the detailed development of modified method for the production of building materials and products.

scholarly journals By Canoe and Speedboat: The Recent Expansion of the Ìlàjẹ Fishing Trade

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayọde Joseph Onipede
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
The Road ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Western Side

Competition has remained a significant feature of trade, particularly in regions with diverse social groups like the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. This article examines the expansion of trade among the Ìlàjẹ communities of Ondo State in the coastal area of Yorùbáland, which to the best of our knowledge has not been documented. Historical method of data collection and analysis were employed in the study. These include primary and secondary sources. The primary sources are mainly comprised of interviews of key informants and participants’ observations. The secondary sources consist of journal articles and texts. The results were analyzed qualitatively. The growth in coastal trade in the Ìlàjẹ area from 2010 onwards was largely due to the construction of new roads along the coast, which linked Ìlàjẹ to the wider road network. Between 2009 and 2013, new trading routes emerged along the road from Igbokoda to Araromi via Atijere on the western side to Ògun and Lagos state, passing through towns like Ipárè, Oko-Ńlá, Obinehin, Etíkàn, Erékè, and Àbòtó. Another route linked Igbokoda with Òde-Ùgbò and Ùgbò-Ńlá coastal market in the east. As traders and goods came into Ìlàjẹ from various parts of Nigeria, new markets sprang up to facilitate the exchange of upland goods for fish products. The construction of new roads also encouraged social and economic development by bringing into the area goods and commodities hitherto not transportable on water, such as ‘modern’ building materials. However, far from reducing water-based activity, the overall increase in trade has also contributed to an increase of water-based traffic, especially for fishing.

scholarly journals Review of Research on Physical and Mechanical Properties and Engineering Application of Metal Tailings

2022 ◽  
Vol 2148 (1) ◽  
pp. 012059
Author(s):  
Shengfu Wang ◽  
Lechen Yan ◽  
Kaixi Xue ◽  
Liang Lv ◽  
Dongjie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tailing Dams ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

Abstract Processing and storage requirements for metal residues are becoming stricter to achieve the carbon neutralization target. The physical and mechanical properties of tailings affect the stability of tailing dams. Metal tailings can be used as secondary resources, and it is easy to pollute the environment under poorly managed conditions. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to reuse these deposits such as iron tailings, copper tailings, zinc tailings et al. This article discusses the current research on the mechanical properties of metal tailings and its engineering application. Based on previous research, it is pointed out that there still needs more attention on the mechanical properties of metal tailing sands, especially under different conditions like dry-wet, freeze-thaw, dynamic loads and large-scale application. In the future, research on the filling of metal tailings as roadbed and new building materials will be one of the directions to solve the problem of tailing pond accumulation.

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