scholarly journals Media Criticism: Between Theory and Practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-659
Author(s):  
Tatiana Vladimirova ◽  
Valentina Slavina
Keyword(s):  
Mass Communication ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Media Criticism ◽  
Current State ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Media ◽  
Social Importance

The article raises the problems of modern journalism, denotes such concepts as mass communication, media, media criticism. In the authors' opinion, media criticism is an invitation to the reader to a discussion, an open conversation, an appeal to pressing socio-political problems, publication of an alternative opinion that is necessary for any free society. Media criticism acts as a science, where both analysis, synthesis and forecast are present. The social importance of media criticism is underlined. It is noted that mass media criticism is no less important than professional media criticism. According to the authors, non-professionals in journalism can act from critical positions and are quite professional in relation to the media, for example, sociologists, economists, politicians. The authors analyze the current state of critical analytics in various media and communication. In detail, the research is undertaken with respect to the journal «Journalist» and «Novaya Gazeta», which present various aspects of media analysis. The authors tried to find out what has changed in journalism over the past few years? What is the status of journalistic criticism today? On the basis of the analysis, conclusions were drawn that the publications in «Novaya Gazeta» can be attributed to professional criticism, since the authors themselves are a representative of the journalistic profession. On the other hand, the media criticism of «Novaya Gazeta» can be called mass, since it is addressed to civil society. An example of professional criticism is, with full justification, the publications of the journal «Journalist», since academic criticism presupposes a scientific analysis based on theoretical comprehension, the ability to correlate social problems with their reflection in media products.

scholarly journals NEW FORMS OF LAWYERS’ PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION IN THE MEDIA ( ANALYSIS OF INTERNET COMMUNITIES CONTENT)

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Анастасия Анатольевна Хустенко
Keyword(s):  
Mass Communication ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Media ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The Impact

Введение. Активная деятельность профессиональных групп в медиасреде породила гибридные профессиональные дискурсы, сохраняющие в себе типологические признаки соответствующих институциональных дискурсов, в то же время изменение способа и канала общения привело к значительным преобразованиям в строе дискурса и развитию характерных черт, свойственных медиадискурсу. Цель – определить статус и типологические особенности разновидности юридического дискурса, производимого и потребляемого в пределах медиапространства. В задачи исследования входят вопросы соотношения параметров профессионального дискурса и медиадискурса, влияние каждого из них на структуру гибридного дискурса. Материал и методы. Контент аккаунтов профессиональных юридических сообществ в социальной сети Instagram: интернет-мемы; нарративы, представляющие описание случаев из профессиональной практики. Всего 300 текстов различных по стилистической и жанровой принадлежности. Ведущим методом в исследовании является дискурс-анализ, включающий стандартные приемы коммуникативно-прагматического и семантического анализа. Результаты и обсуждение. В настоящем исследовании разновидность юридического дискурса, производимого и потребляемого в пределах медиапространства, определяется как неофициальный юридический дискурс (НЮД) на основании того, что его ядро составляют дискурсообразующие категории институционального юридического дискурса. Сферой функционирования НЮД выступает массовая коммуникация, влекущая изменения в концептуальной организации дискурса и параметрах коммуникации. Тексты НЮД обретают признаки медиатекста, в котором сочетаются вербальные и медийные компоненты. Специфический способ общения обуславливает ряд характеристик, которые сближают юридический неофициальный дискурс с обыденным и юмористическим дискурсом и обуславливают изменения стилистических и лингвистических параметров. Заключение. Исследование дало представление о соотношении параметров институционального юридического дискурса и медиадискурса. Медиасреда является фундаментальным условием, определяющим такие параметры описания дискурсов, как способ коммуникации и модус. Указанные параметры повлияли на изменения в структуре институционального юридического дискурса на коммуникативном уровне и повлекли существенные сдвиги в коммуникативной модели за счет расширения понятия «адресат». Медиасреда является решающим фактором в расширении возможностей профессионального текста. Специфический способ общения обусловил ряд характеристик, которые сближают неофициальный юридический дискурс с обыденным и юмористическим дискурсом и обуславливают изменение языковой нормы. Introduction. The activity of professional groups in the media environment has generated hybrid professional discourses that retain the typological features of the corresponding institutional discourses, while modified method and channel of communication has led to significant transformations in the structure of discourse and development of characteristic features peculiar to the media discourse. Aim and objectives. The study aims to determine the status and typological features of legal discourse produced and consumed within media. The objectives of the research include the correlation of the parameters of institutional discourse and media discourse, the role of each of them and the impact on the structure of hybrid discourse. Material and methods. The data include 300 texts of various styles and genres, constituting the content of professional legal groups on the social network Instagram: such as Internet memes; narratives representing the description of cases of professional practice. Results and discussion. In this study, the variety of legal discourse produced and consumed within the media is defined as an informal legal discourse on the basis that its core consists of the discourse-forming categories of institutional legal discourse. The sphere of functioning of the informal legal discourse is mass communication, which entails changes in the conceptual organization of discourse and the parameters of communication. The texts of the informal legal discourse acquire the characteristics of a “media text”, in which the verbal and media components are closely interrelated and combined with each other on the basis of a variety of principles. A specific way of communication determines a number of characteristics that bring legal informal discourse closer to everyday and humorous discourse and causes changes in stylistic and linguistic parameters. Conclusion. The analysis revealed the relationship between the parameters of the institutional legal discourse and the media discourse. The media environment is a fundamental condition that determines such parameters of the description of discourses as a method of communication and a mode. These parameters influenced changes in the structure of the institutional legal discourse at the communicative level and led to significant shifts in the communicative model due to the expansion of the concept of addressee. The media environment is a decisive factor in expanding the capabilities of a text that develops the characteristics of a “media text”. The specific way of communication has caused a number of characteristics that bring the legal informal discourse closer to the ordinary and humorous discourse and causes a change in the language norm.

scholarly journals In the midst of theory and practice: a foreword

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hannes Peltonen ◽  
Knut Traisbach
Keyword(s):  
Social World ◽  
World Society ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
The Core ◽  
Critical Engagement ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status

Abstract This foreword frames the Symposium in two ways. It summarises the core themes running through the nine ‘meditations’ in The Status of Law in World Society. Moreover, it places these themes in the wider context of Kratochwil's critical engagement with how we pursue knowledge of and in the social world and translate this knowledge into action. Ultimately, also his pragmatic approach cannot escape the tensions between theory and practice. Instead, we are in the midst of both.

scholarly journals Transformative Action: A Theoretical Framework for Breaking New Ground

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Institutions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Institutionalized Racism ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Transformative Action

Developed by Paulo Freire, critical consciousness (CrC) is a philosophical, theoretical, and practice-based framework encompassing an individual’s understanding of and action against the structural roots of inequity and violence. This article explores divergent CrC scholarship regarding CrC theory and practice; provides an in-depth review of inconsistencies within the CrC “action” domain; and, in an effort to resolve discrepancies within the existing CrC literature, presents a new construct—transformative action (TA)—and details the process of TA development. Comprising three hierarchical levels of action (critical, avoidant, and destructive) for each level of the socio-ecosystem, TA serves as a model for community-based practitioners, such as those working in the fields of social work and public affairs. The authors argue that transformation is necessary to deconstruct the social institutions in the United States that maintain and perpetuate systemic inequity, creating dehumanizing consequences. Through critical TA, community workers can make visible hidden socio-structural factors, such as institutionalized racism and White privilege, countering the historic trend of community workers acting as tools of social control—that is, socializing individuals to adapt to marginalized roles and accept inferior treatment; maintaining and enforcing the status quo; and facilitating conformity with inequitable societal norms and practices. The authors also discuss the implications of community-based TA practice.

Soviet partisans of 1941-1945: ways and possibilities of the phenomenon scientific analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 146-174
Author(s):  
Vladimir L. Dyachkov
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Great War ◽  
Historical Anthropology ◽  
Social Activists ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Great War

We propose the first attempt at scientific sociography of the Soviet partisan movement as the most complex phenomenon of the Great Patriotic War social history. At most historic study was possible, first of all, due to the formation of publicly accessible electronic databases with tens of millions of personal records with dozens of information parameters in each. The complex processing of coherent representative information of various electronic databases on long continuous lines allows you to “gather” a collective social portrait of Soviet partisans as a complex of formative signs and compare it with collective portraits of other groups of social activists 1941-1945. Among these features-traits: the general and particular time and place of birth of future activists of the great war period, their social origin and pre-war social status, gender and age structure, national composition, interwar migrations, the status in the Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army and the nature of participation in the war. We pay special attention to the social and historical anthropology of activism during the great war. The work is abundantly provided with graphical results of the study.

SOCIAL CHARACTERISTIC OF A CURRENT STATE OF THE VILLAGE

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Bokenchina
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Social Characteristic ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time

The author researchers the social sphere consisting of the branches’ set creating various products in the form of non-material and material services which finally provide inquiries of the society in Kazakhstan that comes to be very important and authentic for the current matter of fact for this country. Transformations associated with the transition to the market economy caused a sharp decline in the rural population of life quality. In the context of transformational recession social services in the rural areas for a long time operated on prevailing conditions in the planned economy assets, resulting in the quality of its services significantly decreased.At the same time, the social sphere of urban economy is largely felt the benefits of the economic growth and participation in the reconstruction of this sector and took the largest system of corporation, especially in the status of city-companies within the social responsibility of business and regional agreements of social partnership.

A Journalists’ Protest? Personal Identification and Journalistic Activism in the Israel Social Justice Protest Movement

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doron Shultziner ◽  
Aya Shoshan
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Protest Movement ◽  
Movement Characteristics ◽  
Tentative Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Media

The Social Justice Protest movement in 2011 was the largest social movement in Israel’s history. The movement received media coverage for almost two months and in all news outlets, despite the protest’s broad demands and its overall radical indictment against the economic system and the status quo. This study explores the causes for this extraordinary media coverage. We find that movement characteristics of the leadership’s professional background, the media strategies they employed, and the effects of mainstream channels on media tactics were important. We also find that journalists’ personal identification with the movement is a key factor leading to the wide and favorable media coverage. Personal identification led many journalists to report favorably on the movement and write supportive opinion columns, to ignore stories that could damage it, to participate and volunteer in movement activities, and to offer their professional skills to help the movement leadership. We propose a tentative model consisting of factors and mechanisms that may explain when personal identification and journalistic activism are more likely to occur.

scholarly journals Influence of Physical Activity and Sport on the Inclusion of People with Visual Impairment: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Virginia Alcaraz-Rodríguez ◽  
Daniel Medina-Rebollo ◽  
Antonio Muñoz-Llerena ◽  
Jesús Fernández-Gavira
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Visual Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Bibliographic Search ◽  
Social Importance

People with visual impairment have greater difficulty in accessing physical activity and sport, and a lack of social interaction is also associated with a risk of exclusion. Work is currently being done to include people with visual impairment through physical activity and sport. However, there is a lack of studies examining the status and overall effectiveness of interventions in the pre- and post-COVID stage. This study aimed to provide solid evidence on the characteristics and effectiveness of interventions for the inclusion of people with visual impairment through physical activity and sport in order to address the need for dissemination on this topic. The bibliographic search was carried out with the words “Physical activity”, “Physical exercise”, “Sport”, “Physical training”, “visual disability”, “visual impairment” and “inclusion” in the databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar from 2018 to 2021.The article selection process was according to the PRISMA protocol with a final selection of nine articles. The main results highlighted that the programmes improve the perception of people with disabilities, increase social skills and health and increase the social importance of people with disabilities in the social environment. Among the most generalised conclusions were the need for specialised training, the need for social inclusion and participation of people with visual impairment in their environments and increased physical activity.

scholarly journals Teachers’ beliefs in multilingual education in the Basque country and in Friesland

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabet Arocena Egaña ◽  
Jasone Cenoz ◽  
Durk Gorter
Keyword(s):  
Native Speaker ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Multilingual Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
Teachers Beliefs ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Media

In this article we analyze teachers’ beliefs about learning different languages in multilingual education, which include forms of immersion in the minority and the majority languages. In this study interviews were held with 51 primary school teachers from the Basque Country (Spain), and Friesland (The Netherlands). In both regions three languages are taught: majority, minority and English. Based on the teachers’ views we obtain interesting insights into the native speaker ideal, pupils as multilingual speakers, and the proficiency levels for each language. The teachers also expressed their ideas on teaching through the minority language and through English, as well as their beliefs on cross-linguistic use of languages and how that is related to the multilingual repertoire. The social context is believed to have an important influence through the parents, the media, and the status of the languages in society. The article concludes that beliefs are still largely monolingual and seem to only gradually change to more multilingual views.

scholarly journals The Status of Translators and Interpreters in Korea

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungwha Choi ◽  
Hyang-Ok Lim
Keyword(s):  
English Speakers ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
International Standing ◽  
Class Status ◽  
Social Importance ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Low Pay

Abstract The status of interpreters and translators depends on the society in which they belong. Such factors as whether the society is multilingual, monolingual as well as its international standing all impact their status and consequently financial compensation. A brief overview of the history of the status of Korean interpreters reveals that, in the past, they enjoyed middle class status and, at times, even great wealth. The social importance of translators, on the other hand, was negligible—a situation which was aggravated by the fact that readers were not very demanding. During the modern era, and especially with increased foreign trade in the 1980’s, however, such tolerance was no longer the norm. There is still great interest among the general public in interpretation, especially since speaking English fluently is considered an asset in any profession in Korea. Conference interpreters, as such, are considered to be “master” English speakers. While they are envied their fluent mastery of foreign languages, interpretation, as such, is not considered a profession in which one should devote one’s life. In the case of translation, though there are many translators, they are held in even lower esteem than interpreters because of the relatively low pay.

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