scholarly journals Metaphorical Analyses of Russian Verbs of Thinking Activity Meaning

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-255
Author(s):  
Yuhai Peng
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Cognitive Level ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Metaphorical Thinking ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
Performance And Mechanism ◽  
Semantic Attributes

The study of cognitive semantics of verbs is an important topic in contemporary linguistics. Taking Russian metaphorical thinking meaning verbs as the object, this article discusses the cognitive semantics of verbs. First of all, the paper combs out the subconscious thinking activity verbs derived from the metaphors of prototype actions of volitional and non volitional activities, and the autonomous thinking activity verbs from the prototype action metaphor of will activity; then focusing on the cognitive similarity and semantic violation, the article separately analyses the metaphorical semantic derivation of these two kinds of thinking activity, meanwhile, it correspondingly discusses the problem of polysemy of Russian verbs. Relevant research will be helpful to further investigate the metaphorical performance and mechanism of the unique thinking activity verbs, at the same time, it is beneficial to promote the theoretical exploration of semantic derivation of Russian polysemous verbs. The relevant study will be helpful to further investigate the cognitive semantic attributes and operational characteristics of Russian verbs with metaphorical thinking meaning, and it is beneficial to promote the research of lexical semantic theory of Russian language on the cognitive level.

Cognitive Functioning of Psychotic Children: A Reappraisal

1979 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 344-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad M. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Cognitive Level ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Intelligence Level ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children

A discussion of the relative cognitive functioning of psychotic children is presented in terms of previous research and theoretical assumptions. The premise that psychotic children possess normal innate intelligence is challenged by the emergence of recent research dealing with measurement and stability of psychotic children's cognitive level. An analysis of recent and relevant research suggests that psychotic children do not differ from mentally retarded children in terms of cognitive functioning. It is proposed, therefore, that a reappraisal be made of the existing assumptions about psychotic children's intelligence level and that those assumptions be modified in order to make them congruent with empirical investigation.

CONCEPTUAL METAPHOR IN COGNITIVE-SEMIOTIC INTERPRETATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
L.A. Kozlova ◽  
◽  
A.V. Kremneva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Abstract Entity ◽  
Metaphorical Thinking ◽  
Main Thesis ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
Contextual Variability ◽  
Concrete Entity

The article presents an attempt to view the phenomenon of conceptual metaphor in the cognitive-semiotic aspect. The object of the study is the conceptual metaphor, the subject matter is its cognitive-semantic essence and the forms of its representation. The main thesis that forms the theoretical basis of the article is that the conceptual metaphor understood as the ability of our consciousness to think of one, more abstract entity in terms of another, more concrete, entity, presents a mental phenomenon that may have not only verbal, but other forms of its representation. The main objective of the article is to carry out the analysis of visual, artefact and ontological metaphors in the cognitive-semiotic aspect and the ways of their representation in the text. The main methods of analysis conditioned by the theoretical aspect chosen for analysis are introspection, or metacognition aimed at reconstructing the work of consciousness in the process of metaphorical thinking, and the inferential method aimed at reconstructing implicit metaphorical meanings. The analysis of visual (artistic), artifact and ontological metaphors reveals that they are characterized by the same qualities as verbal metaphors: dynamism, contextual variability and existence of two their varieties: trite metaphors which reflect ordinary thinking and original ones which are the product of artistic thinking. When ontological and artefact metaphors are presented in the text, their metaphorical meanings can be presented both explicitly and implicitly and, in the latter case, their metaphorical meanings must be inferred by the reader or the linguist. The participation of nonverbal codes in the expression of metaphorical meanings does not diminish the significance of the verbal code which is another proof of the leading role of language in conceptualization and interpretation of the world. The analysis undertaken enables to confirm the main thesis as well as to reveal the explanatory potential of the cognitive-semiotic approach to the study of metaphor and, most probably, other language phenomena.

scholarly journals LINGUISTIC MEANS OF DISCURSIVE REPRESENTATION OF MASCULINITY AND FEMININITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Zinovieva
Keyword(s):  
Women's Magazines ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Cognitive Level ◽  
Gender Representations ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Masculinity And Femininity ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Linguistic Approach ◽  
Assessment Modality

This article highlights the presence of the gender component in any type of discourse and its linguistic implementation. The aim of the study is to determine the gender component in the discourse of Western and Russian gender-oriented lifestyle magazines using a comparative analysis of the used English and Russian language means of lexical-grammatical (gender-marked language units) and semantic-syntactic (assessment, modality of sentences, syntax sentences) levels. The cognitive-linguistic approach allows us to prove that in the publications in question two types of discursive representation of masculinity and femininity are used: the type of “reflection” and the type of “construction”. The presence of gender neutral or gender-marked units of language in texts is associated with the intensity of the male / female dichotomy, this ratio reflects the predominance of egalitarian or traditional gender representations in society. The authors’ choice of the lexical repertoire, the general modality of statements and the syntactic organization of sentences correspond to the discursive tasks of publications, the linguistic tools used at the cognitive level translate certain models of gender behavior into the minds of the general readers. Analysis of 4000 contexts taken by continuous sampling from popular men’s and women’s magazines in the UK, USA and Russia for the period of 2012-2017 (“GQ”, “Men’s Health” (MH), “Men’s Fitness” (MF), “Esquire”, “Tatler”, “Cosmopolitan” (Cosmo), “Glamour”, “Women’s Health” (WH), “Women’s Fitness ”(WF),“ Marie Claire ”(MC)) allows us to identify common features and peculiarities of the discursive representation of masculinity and femininity in English editions and Russian-language versions of the same name, containing both translated and original (author) articles.

scholarly journals The Norwegian lexical item akkurat and the Polish akurat: a cognitive semantic analysis

2014 ◽  
pp. 219-235
Author(s):  
Ewa Data-Bukowska
Keyword(s):  
Complex Networks ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Lexical Item ◽  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Conceptual Content ◽  
Semantic Difference ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The Norwegian lexical item akkurat and the Polish akurat: a cognitive semantic analysisThe aim of the article is to demonstrate to what extent the Norwegian akkurat and the Polish akurat show similarities and differences in their conceptual content (meaning). Adopting the perspective of cognitive semantics (CS), as described in Langacker (1987) and Lakoff (1987), I shall try to show that the meanings ascribed to these etymologically and formally related words constitute complex networks of senses, rooted in a prototypical centre in each of the languages under discussion. In addition to this, the findings will be interpreted with reference to the process of pragmaticalization (a language unit’s development of increasing pragmatic functions). Within this theoretical framework I shall demonstrate that subjectification/intersubjectification and pejoration/melioration motivate the main semantic difference between akkurat and akurat. The analysis is based on Norwegian and Polish monolingual corpus data.

scholarly journals PREPOSISI “di” DALAM PERSPEKTIF SEMANTIK KOGNITIF

JURNAL PESONA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-161
Author(s):  
Zaqiyatul Mardiah
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Extended Sense ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

AbstrakKBBI daring menyebut di sebagai kata depan yang menandai tempat, waktu, dan dapat pula semakna dengan preposisi akan, kepada, dari.  Dengan perspektif semantik kognitif, makna di tidak hanya terbatas pada lima hal yang disebut dalam KBBI tersebut. Penelitian ini mengamati penggunaan preposisi di dengan mengandalkan paradigma semantik kognitif Tyler dan Evans (2003) dan data bahasa Indonesia dari leipzig corpora (https://corpora.uni-leipzig.de/en?corpusId=ind_mixed_2013). Hasil pengamatan menyatakan bahwa preposisi di digunakan dengan makna yang lebih luas dari lima hal yang disebutkan KBBI daring, yaitu makna lokatif (spasial dan nonspasial), makna berada pada lingkup sesuatu, makna beban, makna temporal, dan makna menggantung pada. Makna-makna itu sejatinya bermuara pada satu makna primer, yaitu makna membatasi ruang baik secara fisik geometris, maupun nonfisik geometris.Kata kunci: preposisi, makna primer, makna perluasan, semanti kognitif, spasial AbstractThe online KBBI mentions di as a preposition that marks the place, and time. It also has the same meaning with the prepositions kepada, akan, dan dari. Using a cognitive semantic perspective, the meaning of di  is not only limited to the five things mentioned in the online KBBI. This study observes the use of the preposition di by relying on the cognitive semantic paradigm of Tyler and Evans (2003) and Indonesian data from leipzig corpora (https://corpora.uni-leipzig.de/en?corpusId=ind_mixed_2013). The results state that the preposition di is used with a broader meaning than the five things mentioned in the online KBBI. Those extended senses are  locative sense (spatial and non-spatial), being in the scope of something sense, burden sense, temporal sense, and hanging on   sense, which actually lead to one primary sense, that is the containment sense, both spatial physico-geometric and non-spatial physico-geometric.Keywords: preposition, primary sense, extended sense, cognitive semantics, spatial 

Van Door Naar Through en by

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 203-212
Author(s):  
Louise Cornells ◽  
Hubert Cuyckens
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Foreign Language Learning ◽  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
Polysemous Word ◽  
Adverbial Clauses ◽  
Theoretical Evidence

The Dutch preposition door can be translated with through (typically in adverbial clauses of time/place) or by (typically as a marker for the passive agent and the causee). The choice between these two seems at first sight not to be very difficult for Dutch learners of English. This should come as no surprise if we assume — along with more traditional semantic descriptions of door — that there are two homonymous door's. However, we would like to propose that there is only one, polysemous door. After briefly looking at theoretical evidence from cognitive semantics for this proposal, we discuss experimental evidence from learners' translations of door. The results of the experiment show that the translation of door is not as easy as could have been expected. Indeed, when learners translate door as if there were two door's, they run into interesting difficulties. This seems to suggest that (1) learners would benefit from treating door as one, polysemous word and (2) that (theories of) (foreign) language learning and teaching could benefit from cognitive semantic insights.

scholarly journals Courtesy Negotiation in Momuhaboi (Meminang) Ceremony of Kadazandusun Society

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5163-5169
Author(s):  
Rosliah Kiting
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
Major Loss ◽  
Community Data

Momuhaboi (meminang) ceremony in the Kadazandusun community requires the arrangement of civilized words to enable negotiation to be done in the complete way of gracious manner However, this tradition is increasingly forgotten because it is less used during merisik. If this situation persists then the legacy of the chosen words used exclusively for this ceremony will disappear. This is a major loss to the Kadazandusun generation as the bearer and conservator of the nation's heritage. Therefore, this study was carried out to collect the words  that are often used during negotiations in momuhaboi (meminang)  ceremony by Kadazandusun community. Data is obtained through fieldwork by interviewing and recording the old generation who have gone through the merisik rites in the past. The researcher also attended several merisik ceremonies at this time for the purpose of collecting data. The data were analyzed using cognitive semantic theory for the purpose of categorizing words with elements of euphemism. Then, the data is reported in descriptive form. The data analysis found that the Kadazandusun community used words of euphemism so that the communication process can be carried out in a civilized manner. This makes the negotiations to know the background of both parties, determining the resources and customs so that it is conducted in a harmonious atmosphere. The study found that the Kadazandusun community was rich in euphemisme in negotiations during merisik and engaged. The legacy should be preserved in order that the culture can be inherited by the next generation.

scholarly journals A Cognitive Linguistic Study of Image Schemata in Selected English Proverbs

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (39) ◽  
pp. 717-730
Author(s):  
Alya'a Abdul-Sada Atia ◽  
Ali Muhsin Gharab
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
Image Schemata ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
Cognitive Semantic

This study intends to examine image schemata in English proverbs based on the Johnson's image schemata types in a cognitive semantic approach. Thus, the present study considers firstly some theories concerning cognitive linguistics, cognitive semantics, image schemata and its types. Then it examines the three categories of the Johnson's (1987) image schemata, namely, container, force, and path image schemata.  The fundamental aim of the study is to answer a set of questions such as (1) what are the main types of Johnson's image schemata in English proverbs? (2) How do image schemata play a dynamic role in structuring human physical experiences even before learning a language? (3) In which way does the use of certain linguistic items redound on deciding the type of image schemata? However, the consequences of the current study show that (1) Some of English proverbs contain Johnson's types of image schemata, namely, container, force, and path schemata, (2) image schemata have an experiential basis, and (3) the meaning of most of image schemata in English proverbs is associated with using certain linguistic items.                                  

Embodied cognitive geographies

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Butcher
Keyword(s):  
Embodied Cognition ◽  
Human Geography ◽  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Embodied Realism ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
Future Path

Recent articles in this journal advocated a cognitive poststructuralism as progress for human geography. This research has two flaws. The first is in the epistemological differences between poststructuralism and cognitive semantics, the field from which the authors were informed on embodied cognition. The second problem arises from the contradictions a cognitive poststructuralism would have to other embodied geographies espousing non-representational theory (NRT). This article details and then resolves these two problems in several discussions and relevant examples involving cognitive semantics, embodied realism, embodiment. The product is a non-contradictory poststructural cognitive semantic perspective that provides a possible future path for NRT.

Values and Purposes in Digital Pedagogies

2018 ◽  
pp. 25-41
Author(s):  
Marianna Vivitsou
Keyword(s):  
Science Teachers ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Classroom Practice ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Greek Language ◽  
Conceptual Integration ◽  
Metaphorical Thinking ◽  
Digital Pedagogies

This chapter aims to use metaphor analysis in order to discuss and analyze the patterns resulting from Finnish and Greek language and science teachers' (N= 8) interviews on how they integrate digital technologies into classroom practices. To this end, the author performs a meta-analysis of findings from two previous studies on teacher's metaphorical thinking. This is done through the theoretical lens of two cognitive science related theories (conceptual metaphor and conceptual integration or blending theory) and a theory originating from philosophy of language (semantic theory of metaphor). To meet the ends of the study, the author examined the input sources that inform the teachers' thinking in order to extract single-scope and double-scope networks of metaphors. In this way, we can see what values and purposes emerge out of the teachers' choices when digital pedagogies are introduced into the classroom practice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document