scholarly journals Responses of macroinvertebrate community metrics to urban pollution in semi-arid catchments around the city of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

Water SA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4 October) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongayi Mwedzi ◽  
Nqobizitha Siziba ◽  
Oghenekaro Nelson Odume ◽  
Eisen Nyamazana ◽  
Innocent Mabika
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
South African ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Community ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Taxon Richness ◽  
South African Scoring System ◽  
Riverine Systems

River health monitoring is becoming increasingly important because of the anthropogenic activities that continue to impact on water quality and biodiversity of aquatic systems. This study aimed at identifying and evaluating macroinvertebrate community-based metrics that best respond to degradation due to urban pollution in riverine systems of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Data (physicochemical variables and macroinvertebrate specimens) were collected from 17 sites over 3 seasons. The sites were selected across an impairment gradient comprising less impacted, moderately impacted and heavily impacted sites.  Heavily impacted sites had the highest levels of total dissolved solids, conductivity, salinity, turbidity, total phosphates, total nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand and sedimentary zinc. Dissolved oxygen was significantly highest in less impacted sites. Sensitivity of 24 macroinvertebrate metrics to this impairment gradient were assessed. A total of 5 metrics were identified as sensitive to modifications in water quality due to urban pollution. These metrics were taxon richness, South African Scoring System (SASS5) score, average score per taxon (ASPT), percentage collectors and percentage scrapers. The selected metrics will be useful for the monitoring and assessment of the studied riverine systems and can be further integrated into one multimetric index that combines a range of indices and allows the integration of ecological information for better management of aquatic ecosystems in this region.

scholarly journals Role of humic substances as refractory organic matter in sustainable water quality assessment and management

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-549
Author(s):  
Maoqing Duan ◽  
Xia Du ◽  
Wenqi Peng ◽  
Cuiling Jiang ◽  
Shijie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
River Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
National Development ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In northern China, river water originating from or flowing through forests often contains large amounts of oxygen-consuming organic substances, mainly humic substances. These substances are stable and not easily biodegradable, resulting in very high detection values of chemical oxygen demand. However, under natural conditions, the dissolved oxygen demand is not as high. Using experimental values to evaluate river water quality and the impact of human activities on water quality is thus unscientific and does not meet national development goals. In this study, the potential sources of high-concentration chemical oxygen demand in river water in two areas exposed to virtually no anthropogenic activities and strongly affected by humic substances, were analysed. The chemical oxygen demand contributed by humic substances (COD-HSs) was quantified using three methods. The results of water quality monitoring in 2017 and 2018 revealed that the chemical oxygen demand concentrations (5–44 mg/L) predominantly exceeded the standard (15 mg/L). The study results suggest that COD-HSs should be considered separately for objective evaluation and management of water quality, particularly in areas that are seriously affected by COD-HSs, to provide a scientific basis for formulating sustainable water quality management policies.

scholarly journals An Overview of River Side Pollutants and their Effects on Physico-Chemical Changes in Water Quality of River Halda, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-834
Author(s):  
Muhammad Towhid Moula ◽  
Ranjit K. Nath ◽  
Mh. Mosfeka Chowdhury ◽  
Md. Abu Bakar Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Physico Chemical

Halda is an important river of Bangladesh, is now polluted in different ways through industrial, agricultural, domestic and sewage disposal. Increased anthropogenic activities have increased the potential pollution of the river and excessive pollutants may be toxic to humans and aquatic fauna. Presence of heavy metals in the river water causes perilous impact on the aquatic organisms. Hence, regular monitoring of pollution levels in the river is indispensable. In this study, we discuss about physico-chemical assessments of water quality parameters viz. pH, dissolve oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total solid (TS), total suspended solid (TSS), total dissolved substance (TDS), total alkalinity, turbidity, salinity, electrical conductivity (EC), hardness, chloride and heavy metals in the water of Halda river during rainy and winter seasons, at different points; sources of pollutants in water and their effects given starting from the early research until the current research.

scholarly journals Rapid Assessment of Water Quality in Teluk Lake by Using Macroinvertebrates (A Family Level Biotic Index)

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Siswanta Kaban ◽  
M. Edi Armanto ◽  
M. Rasyid Ridho ◽  
Poedji L. Hariani
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Working Party ◽  
Biotic Index ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Polluted Waters

In this study the water quality of Teluk Lake, Jambi Province by biological indices using macroobenthic during December 2017 to March 2018 were evaluated. Macro obenthic have been the most commonly indicator of running water quality to rapidly detect water quality changes. The methodology consisted on three stages: 1) macro invertebrates sampling and and sorting of the organisms in laboratory, 2) taxonomic identification of organisms and 3) determination and scoring with the Biological Monitoring Working Party -Average Score per Taxon (BMWP-ASPT) index. Result of water quality of Teluk Lake based on the diversity of macroinvertebrates was degraded with BMWP-ASPT index below 4. Based on the BMWP-ASPT score of the macroinvertebrates, both of sampling 1 and 2 were polluted with the category of medium and heavily polluted. In general, the decreasing of water quality of Teluk Lake was due to anthropogenic activities, so that the intolerant macro invertebrates could not survive in polluted waters while the tolerant ones can adapt well to the polluted aquatic environment.

Benthic Macroinvertebrate and Chemical Assessment of Water Quality in Relation to the Shope Creek Trout Farm

2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Creech ◽  
Mark V. Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
The United States ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Community ◽  
Biotic Index ◽  
Order Stream ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chemical Assessment

Abstract North Carolina is the second largest commercial producer of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, in the United States, yet few studies have measured the effects of trout farm effluent on regional water bodies. Our objective was to assess water quality directly upstream and downstream of a low-production rainbow trout farm located on Shope Creek, a second-order stream in western North Carolina, using both biological and chemical assessment methods. Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected upstream and downstream of the trout farm annually from 2009 to 2011 using Hester-Dendy samplers. Organisms were identified to family and compared using the Family Level Biotic Index. We found no significant difference between mean upstream and downstream index values, suggesting no negative impacts of trout farm effluent on the macroinvertebrate community. Water samples were collected from each site on four days over a two month period, with three subsamples taken per site, per day. There were no significant differences between mean ammonia or phosphate levels upstream or downstream of the trout farm. While biochemical oxygen demand levels were significantly higher at the downstream site, this increase did not appear to affect the macroinvertebrate community. Between 2009 and 2011 the Shope Creek trout farm produced approximately 500 kg of fish annually. This is much lower than average annual regional trout farm production rates of 34,000 kg of fish, which likely accounts for the minimal impacts observed in this study.

scholarly journals Health Evaluation of Wader Fish (Puntius sp.) Caught from Brantas River, Malang City, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 934 (1) ◽  
pp. 012059
Author(s):  
A M S Hertika ◽  
D Arfiati ◽  
E D Lusiana ◽  
R B D S Putra ◽  
D R N Wasti
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Hematological Profile

Abstract Anthropogenic activities along watershed area are often causing river pollution. This will affect the sustainability of aquatic resources, such as fish. One of the fish species in Brantas River that can be employed as bioindicator of water pollution is Wader fish (Puntius, sp.). The aim of this research was to analyze the health of Wader fish based on tits hematological profile. This study utilized descriptive method and conducted in three sites of Brantas River that located in Malang city, Indonesia. We took water quality parameters data to obtain Pollution Index of the river and blood samples to evaluate the hematological profile of wader fish caught in research area. Further analysis to evaluate relationship between water quality factors and hematological profile of Wader fish was performed by using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) with the support of PAST software version 4.06. The results showed that pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia and total suspended solid (TSS) of the study area were within the normal range, while the biological oxygen demand (BOD) value was above the standard. In addition, Pollution Index of this research suggested that Brantas River condition was low polluted. Meanwhile, the analysis of hematological profile of wader fish in terms of erythrocytes and hemoglobin were below than the recommended value, leukocytes were normal, and micronuclei were above the standard.

scholarly journals Application of Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Evaluation of Surface River Water Quality of a Tropical River

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teck-Yee Ling ◽  
Chen-Lin Soo ◽  
Jing-Jing Liew ◽  
Lee Nyanti ◽  
Siong-Fong Sim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Tropical River ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Data Set

The present study evaluated the spatial variations of surface water quality in a tropical river using multivariate statistical techniques, including cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Twenty physicochemical parameters were measured at 30 stations along the Batang Baram and its tributaries. The water quality of the Batang Baram was categorized as “slightly polluted” where the chemical oxygen demand and total suspended solids were the most deteriorated parameters. The CA grouped the 30 stations into four clusters which shared similar characteristics within the same cluster, representing the upstream, middle, and downstream regions of the main river and the tributaries from the middle to downstream regions of the river. The PCA has determined a reduced number of six principal components that explained 83.6% of the data set variance. The first PC indicated that the total suspended solids, turbidity, and hydrogen sulphide were the dominant polluting factors which is attributed to the logging activities, followed by the five-day biochemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, organic nitrogen, and nitrate-nitrogen in the second PC which are related to the discharges from domestic wastewater. The components also imply that logging activities are the major anthropogenic activities responsible for water quality variations in the Batang Baram when compared to the domestic wastewater discharge.

scholarly journals The Influence of Anthropogenic Activities on Macro-Invertearates Assemblage and Water Quality in the Crocodile River (East) Mpumalanga, South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Soko MI ◽  
Gyedu-Ababio T
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
South African Scoring System ◽  
Water Quality Deterioration

<em>Biological indicators such as macro-invertebrates and water quality parameters can give an overalln overview of what is happening in a river catchment. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of anthropogenic activities on macro-invertebrates assemblage and water quality using multivariate analysis and to determine the present ecological state of the river using the Macro-Invertebrates Response Assessment index. The South African Scoring System Version 5 (SASS 5) was used to collect macro invertebrates. Water quality samples were collected using a polyethylene bottle and analysed by Mpumamanzi Laboratory in Nelspruit and Water lab in Pretoria. From the results obtained it was evident that anthropogenic activities along the Crocodile River play a role in water quality deterioration and the subsequent distribution of macro-invertebrates during high and low flow conditions. The main anthropogenic activities contribute to the influence of macro-invertebrates community and water quality are agricultural activities in the upper reaches and a  combination of industrial, domestic, mining and agricultural activities in the middle and lower reaches of the Crocodile River.</em>

scholarly journals Macroinvertebrates’ Pollution Tolerance Index in Calabar River, Cross River State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-297
Author(s):  
G. B. Bate ◽  
N. O. Sam-Uket
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Pollution Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Pack ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Online Software

A study was undertaken to determine the macroinvertebrates pollution tolerance index (PTI) in Calabar River, Cross River state, Nigeria. Five sampling stations were chosen along the river course: Ikot Okon Abasi, Tinapa, Unicem, Marina resort and Nsidung beach which were labeled stations 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. Physico-chemical parameters; surface water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total dissolved solids (TDS) and total suspended solids (TSS) were measured using their respective meters while macroinvertebrates were sampled using a Van Veen grab, stained with Rose Bengal solution and identified under microscope. Macroinvertebrates pollution tolerance index was obtained using online software designed by Northern Kentucky Univeristy and Leaf Pack Network Biotic and Water Quality Calculator. The results obtained for physicochemical parameters showed the highest temperature as 29.90C in station five while the lowest was 26.40C in station one. pH was highest (6.60) in station five and lowest (5.52) in station one. DO was highest (4.4mg/L) in station four and lowest (3.0 mg/L) in station five while BOD was highest (3.2 mg/L) in station three and lowest (0.3 mg/L) in station one. An average total of 5366 macroinvertebrate individuals were encountered belonging to nine families and eleven species. Tubificidae had the lowest occurrence with 18 individuals which made up 0.3% of the total macroinvertebrates while Penaeidae had the highest occurrence with 2,455 individuals constituting 45.8% of the total count. Pollution tolerance index was highest (21) in station five and lowest (9) in station four with the water quality being generally poor. Hence, it is suggested that anthropogenic activities should be regulated and continuous monitoring of the river course should be carried out.

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of Tigris River Using Overall Index of Pollution (OIP)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 1095
Author(s):  
Ibrahem Mahdi Al-Sudani
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Tigris River ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid ◽  
Overall Index Of Pollution ◽  
Rain Precipitation

This study was performed on the Tigris River (Baghdad city section) during the period between December 2016 and December 2018 to assess seasonal variation in water quality using the Overall Index of Pollution (OIP). The OIP is one of the reliable tools for the assessment of surface water quality. To calculate OIP-values, eight parameters were measured ( pH, Dissolved Oxygen "DO", Biological Oxygen Demand "BOD", Total Dissolved Solid "TDS", Total Hardness "TH", calcium "Ca", Sulphate "SO4" and Alkalinity). The results showed the anthropogenic activities impact of Baghdad population that directly discharge of "inadequate treated" waste water to the river.  OIP values were acceptable (1˃OIP˃ 1.7) in 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2018. However, in 2014 and 2017,the OIP recorded values that were acceptable and tend to be slightly polluted (1.7˃OIP˃2.5). The impairment of water quality during 2014 and 2017 might be caused by the decrease in the water share feeding Tigris River from Turkey due to the construction of many dams. Also, markedly reduced rain precipitation rates were recorded in these periods.  The study suggests conducting continuous monitoring programs and establishing a reliable Iraqi classification system for water quality by a specialized scientific panel.

scholarly journals Changing Characteristics of Chlorophyll a in the Context of Internal and External Factors: A Case Study of Dianchi Lake in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Hou ◽  
Yi Luo ◽  
Kun Yang ◽  
Chunxue Shang ◽  
Xiaolu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Dianchi Lake ◽  
The Past ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Chla Concentration

During the past 20 years, the ecological environment of Dianchi Lake has been adversely affected by climate change and human activities, which directly affected the ecosystem and biodiversity of the Dianchi Lake watershed. Analyzing the spatiotemporal variation of chlorophyll a (Chla) concentration of Dianchi Lake and exploring the internal and external factors effect on Chla concentration is the basis for controlling and improving the water ecological environment of Dianchi Lake, and it is also the key to prevent and control the water pollution of Dianchi Lake. In this study, the water quality of Dianchi Lake was examined using 12 water quality indicators from 10 water quality monitoring sites for the duration between 2000 to 2017. The changing characteristics of Chla in the context of internal and external factors were analyzed. The spatiotemporal evolution process of Chla concentration in the past 20 years was also evaluated. The results indicated that Chla concentration was significantly and positively correlated with the chemical oxygen demand (CODCr), the Dianchi Lake watershed gross domestic product (GDP), and the impervious surface area (ISA) of the watershed, in addition to the total phosphorus (TP), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), ammonia hydrogen (NH3-N), water temperature (WT), and civil vehicle ownership. Moreover, a significant and negative correlation was noticed between Dianchi Lake watershed GDP and NH3-N, BOD5, TP, total nitrogen (TN), and comprehensive nutrition state index (TLI). The Dianchi Lake population was negatively correlated with TP, TLI, and BOD5. The concentration of Chla in Dianchi Lake was affected by both internal factors, and external factors such as anthropogenic activities, the latter of which was the main cause of the continuous deterioration of the lake water quality.

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