scholarly journals Influence of weather conditions on the physicochemical characteristics of potato tubers

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 317-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Escuredo Olga ◽  
Seijo-Rodríguez Ana ◽  
M. Shantal Rodríguez-Flores ◽  
Míguez Montserrat ◽  
M. Carmen Seijo
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
North West ◽  
Selection Of

Physicochemical properties of the tuber as a commercial product differ according to environmental conditions of the area and the growing season. The knowledge about how weather affects these characteristics, allows estimating the correct selection of the cultivars in order to obtain the highest yields or desired physicochemical qualities. In this sense, the effect of the main meteorological factors on the physicochemical characteristics (size, texture, dry matter, soluble solids, phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids and inhibitor concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>)) of 8 potato cultivars growing in A Limia (North-West Spain) was analysed. The study was conducted during three consecutive years (2014–2016) and the results presented significant differences in the analyzed parameters between years (P &lt; 0.05). Spearman’s correlations and principal component analysis showed that the tubers of 2014 (with colder weather conditions) had the highest phenol content and the lowest flavonoids and carotenoids content. Therefore, the temperature positively favoured the flavonoid content and carotenoid content (samples from 2016), although the size of potato tubers was considerably smaller.

scholarly journals Preliminary Insights in Sensory Profile of Sweet Cherries

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 612
Author(s):  
Vânia Silva ◽  
Sandra Pereira ◽  
Alice Vilela ◽  
Eunice Bacelar ◽  
Francisco Guedes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Sensory Data

Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is a fruit appreciated by consumers for its well-known physical and sensory characteristics and its health benefits. Being an extremely perishable fruit, it is important to know the unique attributes of the cultivars to develop cultivation or postharvest strategies that can enhance their quality. This study aimed to understand the influence of physicochemical characteristics of two sweet cherry cultivars, Burlat and Van, on the food quality perception. Several parameters (weight, dimensions, soluble solids content (SSC), pH, titratable acidity (TA), colour, and texture) were measured and correlated with sensory data. Results showed that cv. Van presented heavier and firmer fruits with high sugar content. In turn, cv. Burlat showed higher pH, lower TA, and presented redder and brightest fruits. The principal component analysis revealed an evident separation between cultivars. Van cherries stood out for their sensory parameters and were classified as more acidic, bitter, and astringent, and presented a firmer texture. Contrarily, Burlat cherries were distinguished as being more flavourful, succulent, sweeter, and more uniform in terms of visual and colour parameters. The results of the sensory analysis suggested that perceived quality does not always depend on and/or recognize the quality parameters inherent to the physicochemical characteristics of each cultivar.

scholarly journals PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BILIMBI (Averrhoa bilimbi L.)

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
VERA LÚCIA ARROXELAS GALVÃO DE LIMA ◽  
ENAYDE DE ALMEIDA MÉLO ◽  
LUECI DOS SANTOS LIMA
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Maturity Stages ◽  
One Year

The aimed of this work was to investigate the effects of maturity stages on the physicochemical characteristics of bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) which were cultivated in Recife-PE. During one year, the fruits were harvested from five different trees (unidentified variety) in mature and half-mature stages. They were analysed on total soluble solids (TSS), oxalic acid and vitamin C. Ripe fruits had the highest levels of TSS and vitamin C and lowest levels of oxalic acid, independently of weather conditions. The results showed that maturity stage influenced on physicochemical characteristics of bilimbi fruits.

Prebiotic Beverage from Smallanthus Sonchifolius Sweetened with Stevia

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Elizabét Contreras Prado ◽  
Paola Purisaca-Salinas ◽  
Cesar Moreno-Rojo ◽  
Jhoseline Guillén-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Color Index ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Optimal Treatment ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Smallanthus Sonchifolius ◽  
Instrumental Color ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Selection Of

The objective of this study was to develop a prebiotic beverage from yacon and pineapple sweetened with stevia. Nine functional beverage formulations were prepared. The yacon and the pineapple were incorporated in three proportions, P1: 30-70, P2: 50-50 and P3: 70-30, respectively. The selection of the optimal treatment was made by sensory analysis. The physicochemical analyzes of the optimal formulation evaluated were pH, acidity, total soluble solids, instrumental color and % Fructo oligosaccharides (FOS) (1-Kestose and Nystose). For the interpretation of results, a randomized design with a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement was used. Beverages P1 and P2, obtained the highest score on a scale of 9 points (p> 0,05); however, the latter had a higher percentage of FOS (0,19%). The beverage presented the following physicochemical characteristics, pH: 3,58 ± 0,03, Total soluble solids: 5 ± 0,01 ° Brix, Acidity: 0,36 ± 0,01%, Density: 1,02 ± 0,01g / ml, Viscosity: 13,55 ± 0,15 cP, Color Index: -14,03 ± 1,65 and FOS (1-Kestose: 0,06% and Nystose: 0,13%).

scholarly journals Performance of juice and wine grape cultivars in different training systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário José Pedro Júnior ◽  
José Luiz Hernandes ◽  
Mara Fernandes Moura
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Training System ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Grape Cultivars

Abstract The increase of rural tourism activities has led growers to use different grape cultivars for the production of wine and/or juice. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the phytotechnical characteristics of grapevines and physicochemical characteristics of grape must obtained for Bordô, Isabel Precoce, BRS Violeta, Isabel and Concord cultivars in different training systems: vertical shoot position; Y-shaped trellis and V-shaped trellis with double spur cordon. The experimental design was randomized blocks for comparison of cultivars within each training system and analysis of the main components for productivity variables was carried out. BRS Violeta cultivar showed higher bunch weight values regardless of training system. Bordô cultivar showed lower yield values and soluble solids content in comparison to other cultivars. Isabel and Isabel Precoce cultivars in the evaluated training systems showed higher soluble solids content. Principal component analysis allowed verifying that in Y-shaped trellis and V-shaped trellis with double spur cordon training systems, cultivars were related to higher yield.

scholarly journals Selection of Experimental Hybrids of Strawberry Using Multivariate Analysis

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eneide Barth ◽  
Juliano Tadeu Vilela de Resende ◽  
Aline Fabiana Paladini Moreira ◽  
Keny Henrique Mariguele ◽  
André Ricardo Zeist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of superior strawberry genotypes is a complex process due to the high variability after hybridization that is caused by the octoploid nature and the heterozygosis, making the selection of multiple traits difficult. This study aimed to select strawberry hybrids with the potential for fresh consumption and/or processing by applying multivariate analysis to obtain traits of interest simultaneously. Hybrids were obtained from the crossing among seven commercial cultivars, defining a selection of 10% of them. The experimental design consisted of an augmented block design, with two commercial cultivars, Camarosa and Camino Real, as the controls. Different variables, including the number and average mass of commercial fruits, total fruit mass, pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, reducing sugars, pectin, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, and anthocyanin’s, were assessed. The selection of hybrids was based on the Mulamba and Mock rank-summation index, principal component analysis, and Ward’s hierarchical cluster analysis. The selection index was based on different weights being adopted for fresh market and processing. The assessed traits had high variability between hybrids. The highest selection gains were obtained for production traits, but the different weight assignment resulted in different classifications of hybrids for both fresh consumption and processing. Most of the hybrids selected by the index remained in the same group in the principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses, which indicates that multivariate analysis is a valuable tool for assisting in the selection of superior hybrids in the strawberry crop.

scholarly journals Relation between physicochemical characteristics and sensory profiles of cooked pumpkin varieties

2019 ◽  
pp. 697
Author(s):  
A.B. de Almeida, T.M. de Lima, J.G. de Oliveira Filho, R.V. Santana, D.S. Lima ◽  
E.A. Moreira ◽  
M.B. Egea
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Total Carotenoid Content ◽  
Sensory Profiles

Since pumpkin is a widely consumed vegetable in the human diet, this study aimed to evaluate the relation between physicochemical characteristics and sensory profiles of pumpkin varieties. Samples were coded as follows:  PS is the scented pumpkin (PS01, PS02, PS03), MP is the moranga pumpkin (MP01), HP is the hybrid pumpkin (HP02, HP03, HP12), and CP is the commercial hybrid Tetsukabuto pumpkin. Pumpkin varieties were evaluated as to total titratable acidity, pH, soluble solids, carotenoid content, cooking time, color, hardness, descriptive sensory analysis, preference, and purchase intention (affective sensory analysis). Consumers’ profiles were evaluated by an online questionnaire. The highest values of total soluble solids and scores for sweet taste in the sensory evaluation were shown by PS02 and CP. The former exhibited the highest carotenoid content (172.88 mg 100g-1) while the hybridization process resulted in pumpkins (HP02, HP03 and HP12) with the lowest total carotenoid content (50.94-51.90 mg 100g-1). All pumpkin varieties were mostly yellow (positive b* value). The consumers’ profile shows their preference for small fruits (mass between 1.0 and 1.5 kg) that are peeled and whose pulp is orange. Association between the descriptive test and the preference one showed that orange pumpkins were prefered by the sensory panel. The sensory profile and physicochemical characteristics are important tools to the production of hybrids and breeding of genetic pumpkin varieties. This is a field of research that has grown lately and may result in higher productivity and quality of this vegetable.

scholarly journals Production and quality of carrot in function of split application of nitrogen doses in top dressing

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-312
Author(s):  
Lidiane F Colombari ◽  
Natália BL Lanna ◽  
Leysimar RP Guimarães ◽  
Antonio Ismael Inácio Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Maturation Index ◽  
Quadratic Effects

ABSTRACT Fertilizers supply in the appropriate period and dose is important to obtain satisfactory production. In this research we studied the effect of different split applications and doses of nitrogen in top dressing on the production of the carrot and the physicochemical characteristics of the roots. Nine treatments, resulting from a factorial of 4x2+1 (control without nitrogen fertilization), were evaluated in the randomized blocks experimental design, with four replications. The first factor were four nitrogen (N) doses in top dressing (60, 90, 120 and 150 kg ha-1) and the second were two forms of splitting [three equal applications (1/3+1/3+1/3 of the dose) and one with increasing proportions (1/6+2/6+3/6 of the dose) applied 15, 30 and 50 days after emergence]. We evaluated shoot height, fresh and dry shoot weight, fresh and dry root weight, root diameter and length, yield and some physicochemical characteristics of roots (soluble solids, titratable acidity, maturation index, pH, carotenoid content and reducing sugars). For most of the studied characteristics were observed quadratic effects for N dose, with an estimated maximum yield of 117.7 t ha-1 for the dose of 138 kg N ha-1. The splitting 1/6+2/6+3/6 resulted in higher values for fresh weight of shoot and root, root diameter, yield and carotenoid content, compared to the splitting 1/3+1/3+1/3.

Study of the quality and antioxidant properties of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under different postharvest and dehydration conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Lorena Luna-Guevara ◽  
Teresita González-Sánchez ◽  
Adriana Delgado-Alvarado ◽  
María Elena Ramos-Cassellis ◽  
José Guillermo Pérez-Luna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Storage Temperatures

Objective: To study the effect of storage temperatures and dehydration conditions (solar and convective drying; SD, CD), on the quality, physicochemical parameters and antioxidant properties of tomato fruits. Methodology: The physicochemical characteristics pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids (°Bx) and color parameters (L*, a* and b*), were evaluated. The lycopene, carotenoids and antioxidant activity percentages retention of tomatoes fruits stored at 7 and 22 ° C for 5 days and subjected to SD (Temperature (T) of 67 °C and luminescence of 685 lum/sqf) and CD (T 70 °C, flow rates 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m/s), were analyzed. Results: The fruits reached humidities of 17 and 15% for SD and CD. The parameters pH, °Bx, L*, a*, b* were highest with 22°C and CD (1.5 m/s). The value of the carotenoids was higher in fruits stored at 7 ° C and subjected to CD (1.0 and 1.5 m/s) and SD with values of 83.85, 85.98 and 99.43%, respectively. The CD (0.5 m/s) and SD improved lycopene (94.37 and 95.14%) and the antioxidant activity with values of 73.06 and 97.21%. Implications: The application of solar dehydration depends on luminescence condition; however, it is inexpensive and environmentally friendly alternative. Conclusions: The results derived in a viable alternative for the conservation and commercialization of tomato fruits in rural communities

The study of oleander scale (Aspidiotus nerii Bche) and the way of diluting its entomophages in Azerbaijan

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
G. A. Mustafayeva
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Chilocorus Bipustulatus ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Specific Composition ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
White Peach Scale ◽  
Rhyzobius Lophanthae ◽  
The Way

Scales (Hemiptera, Diaspididae) are the dangerous crop and park-ornamental plant pests. They reproduce very quickly and cause great harm to plants, sometimes even lead to their complete destruction. Scales suck juices from plants, cause premature drying, dying and falling off leaves, dry branches, deformation of leaves, fruits and shoots, reducing annual growth of plants. Therefore the fight with these pests is rather topical in the agriculture. In this connection in this work the analysis of bioecological peculiarities of oleander scale on the territory of Azerbaijan, and also the detection of species content of parasites and predators, which regulate their number is conducted. We will mark that oleander scales in the wild there are the entomophages are vermin and predators that reduce their quantity. For realization of biological fight against people we studied the bioenvironmental features of wreckers, and also educed specific composition of vermin and predators that regulate their quantity. In a biological fight against these wreckers, one of basic questions is study of specific composition of these entomophages. The faunistic material on entomophages of this pest was collected from different biocenosis; the researched works were conducted in the laboratory and field conditions in Azerbaijan. The advanced and research studies that we conducted gave an opportunity to educe entomophages oleander scale that inflicts an enormous damage to the agricultural cultures and park-decorative plants. The method of breeding of effective types of entomophages is studied in laboratory terms. Firstly the biology of oleander scale on Apsheron peninsula and in Guba Khachmazskii area was studied. The results of long-term studies showed that oleander scale, having distributed on Apsheron peninsula, on olive trees gives 3 generations. Only adult female animals and maggots of I and II age spend winter. Awakening of the scales on olives takes place in March-April. In II and III decade of April the male animals begin their flight. In Guba Khachmazskii area the biology of this scale, dwelling on oleander bush was studied. On this plant the scale gives 3 generations. Young female animals, and also maggots of I and II age winter. As a result of the works conducted the following entomophages of oleander scale were detected: predator Rhyzobius lophanthae Blaisd, Chilocorus bipustulatus L., Chilocorus renupustulatus L; parasites: Aphytis chilensis Howаrd, Aspidiotiphagus citrinus Graw, Encarsia aurantii (Howard). The habitat of Rhyzobius lophanthae is Australia. At the end of the last century of this predatory beetle left to California, from there left to Italy and in other Mediterranean countries. In 1947 by chance was left to Georgia (Abkhazia). Maybe these useful predators in Azerbaijan were from Georgia. For diluting the entomophages from the local indigenous fauna the potato tubers were used, on which firstly the oleander scales, and then road-beetles Rhyzobius lophanthae, Chilocorus bipustulatus reproduced themselves. In the laboratory conditions the methods of diluting of these Coccinellidae was developed. Thus, firstly the way of diluting parasites of oleander scale was studied and developed – Aphytis chilensis Howard, Aspidiotiphagus citrinus Graw и Encarsia antantii (Howard). It was detected that predatory entomophage-chilocor in the natural conditions is ineffective, as their maggots and chrysalises are affected by other local parasites. In the laboratory conditions this beetle produce itself very well on the potato tubers, infected by oleander scale. However, we should note that among entomophage parasites Aphytis chilensis plays the huge role in destruction of scales. In dependence on the weather conditions this macrophage in the nature can give 3–4 generations. Also it was proved that beetle Rhyzobius lophanthae in the biological fight can be applied against all round scales. This predator is effective entomophage of oleander, olive scale, black pine-leaf scale, white peach scale, European fruit scale and cactus scale. In connection with this, Rhyzobius lophanthae can be applied in the biological fight against oleander scale and presently is irreplaceable and perspective entomophage. 

Assessment of reproductive capacity of representatives of ancestral complexes and especially their selection of seed in dry conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
А.В. Семенютина ◽  
С.Е. Лазарев ◽  
К.А. Мельник
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Gleditsia Triacanthos ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Forest Reclamation ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Generative Phase ◽  
Selection Of

Представители родовых комплексов Robinia (Робиния), Gleditsia (Гледичия) относятся к экономически важным и перспективным, для деградированных ландшафтов засушливого региона, видам растений. Несмотря на это до последнего времени отсутствуют сведения по многим видам этих родовых комплексов, связанные с вопросами экологических основ семеноведения и их репродуктивной способности в условиях светлокаштановых почв Волгоградской области. Все это направлено на выявление и расширение перспективных ареалов культивирования для лесомелиорации и озеленения населенных пунктов. Цель исследований изучение репродуктивной способности представителей родовых комплексов Robinia (Робиния), Gleditsia (Гледичия) в коллекциях ФНЦ агроэкологии РАН и выявление особенностей их селекционного семеноведения для лесомелиорации и озеленения населенных пунктов в сухостепных условиях. Объектами исследований являлись виды и формы рода Robinia: R. viscosa Vent. R. neomexicana Gray. R. pseudoacacia L. R. neomexicana х pseudoacacia, и Gleditsia (G. triacanthos L., G. triacanthos L. f. inermis, G. caspica Desf, G. texana Sarg., G. aquatica, G. japonica, G. caspica, G. sinensis), произрастающие в кластерных участках коллекций ФНЦ агроэкологии РАН, кадастр 34:34:000000:122, 34:34:060061:10. Разработка основ селекционного семеноведения базируется на изучении репродуктивных особенностей выделенных для целевого использования собственных биоресурсов с учетом возможностей всестороннего изучения генеративных качеств и оценки биологического потенциала. Выявлено, что стабильность плодоношения фиксируется через несколько лет после вступления в генеративную фазу: у Robinia и Gleditsia 67 лет. Первое цветение у Gleditsia triacanthos и G. texana, G. aquatica наблюдалось в возрасте 5 лет, G. japonica 6, G. caspica и G. sinensis 8 лет. Завязываемость плодов зависит не только от возраста растения, но и от погодных условий во время цветения. На семенную продуктивность влияет количество выпавших осадков и сумма активных температур в период созревания плодов. Формирование более крупных плодов и семян наблюдается в возрасте до 15 лет. В результате исследований (20172019 гг.) выявлено влияние лимитирующих факторов на биологический потенциал цветения, плодоношения и семенную продуктивность для определения ареалов их культивирования. Representatives of generic systems Robinia, Gleditsia are economically important and promising for degraded arid landscapes of the region, types of plants. Despite this, until recently, there is no information on many types of these generic complexes related to the environmental foundations of seed and their reproductive capacity in light chestnut soils of the Volgograd region. All this is aimed at identifying and expanding promising areas of cultivation for forest reclamation and greening of settlements. The aim of the research is to study the reproductive capacity of representatives of ancestral complexes Robinia, Gleditsia in the collections of the Federal scientific center for Agroecology Russian Academy of Sciences and the identifying features of their selection of seed for forest reclamation and landscaping of settlements in the dry steppe conditions. The objects of research were species and forms of the genus Robinia: R. viscosa Vent. R. neomexicana Gray. R. pseudoacacia L. R. neomexicana x pseudoacacia and Gleditsia (G. triacanthos L., G. triacanthos L. f. inermis, G. caspica Desf, G. texana Sarg., G. aquatica, G. japonica, G. caspica, G. sinensis), growing in the cluster areas of collections of FSC Agroecology RAS, cadastre 34:34:000000:122, 34:34:060061:10. The development of the principles of seed breeding is based on the study of reproductive characteristics of the allocated for the targeted use of their own bioresources, taking into account the possibilities of a comprehensive study of generative qualities and assessment of biological potential. It was found that the stability of fruiting is fixed a few years after entering the generative phase: Robinia and Gleditsia 67 years. The first flowering in Gleditsia triacanthos and G. texana, G. aquatica was observed at the age of 5 years, G. japonica 6, G. caspica and G. sinensis 8 years. Fruit setability depends not only on the age of the plant, but also on weather conditions during flowering. Seed productivity is affected by the amount of precipitation and the amount of active temperatures during the ripening period. The formation of larger fruits and seeds is observed in the age of 15 years. As a result of studies (20172019), the influence of limiting factors on the biological potential of flowering, fruiting and seed production to determine the areas of their cultivation was revealed.

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