scholarly journals Presence and antimicrobial resistance of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from animals in a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Cyprus

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 191-198
Author(s):  
H Sukur ◽  
OM Esendal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are a group of commensal microorganisms residing on the skin and mucous membranes of both humans and animals. Until recently, they have been regarded as non-pathogenic to livestock and companion animals, but since then, their clinical importance in veterinary medicine has increased with the discovery of their potential pathogenic roles in animals causing skin and soft tissue infections together with spontaneous abortions and mastitis. Scientific data concerning the presence of CoNS in North Cyprus are very limited. Therefore, the purpose of the study reported herein was to investigate the presence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of CoNS species isolated from various animals presented at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital in North Cyprus between July 2018 and 2019. Staphylococci were isolated from 37.0% (87/235) of the samples submitted, within which 60.9% (53/87) and 39.1% (34/87) were identified as coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), respectively. Among the CoNS, S. chromogenes was the most predominantly isolated species (14/34, 41.2%), followed by S. capitis (5/34, 14.7%) and S. simulans (4/34, 11.8%). Of these 34 CoNS, 24 (70.6%) and 10 (29.4%) were identified as MRCoNS and MSCoNS, respectively. The CoNS isolates showed relatively high levels of resistance towards amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (19/34, 55.9%), tetracycline (14/34, 41.2%) and penicillin (13/34, 38.2%). In conclusion, the presence of CoNS, especially MRCoNS, and the detection of multiple drug resistant (MDR) species with a high prevalence were regarded as being important since they might limit and have negative effects on the therapeutic treatment options of staphylococcal infections in animals, and might have both public and veterinary concerns.

scholarly journals Diversities of antimicrobial resistance patterns across Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci isolated from dairy herbs in Jiangsu province, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijie Jin ◽  
Weidong Lin ◽  
Qing Feng ◽  
Dashuai Zhang ◽  
Juan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Abstract Background As mastitis major causing agents, Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CNS) and Staphylococcus aureus (SA), are important and their connections are special and worth comparing. The overall aim of this study is to investigate antimicrobial resistance patterns of CNS and SA. Understanding the special characters of staphylococci is essential for finding the precise strategies or directions against them. Results Staphylococci (47.63%) were the commonest pathogens in subclinical mastitis in Jiangsu province. 73.34% and 45.78% of CNS respectively were extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains and multiple drug-resistant (MDR) strains, mainly resisting penicillin (77.78%) and ceftazidime (55.95%); for SA, 62.52% of them were MDR strains and resistant to penicillin (94.05%) and norfloxacin (58.33%). Notably, 4 CNS were pandrug-resistant (PDR) strains. According to the chi-square test results, we summary and find that SA was more resistant to quinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and norfloxacin) and co-trimoxazole antibiotics than CNS, significantly; on the other hand, CNS were significantly more resistant to lincomycins (clindamycin), macrolides (including erythromycin and clarithromycin), tetracycline, and nitrofurantoin antibiotics than SA,, in total. Resistance genes were detected more frequently in CNS than SA; nearly a third of CNS resit penicillin by β-lactamase coded by blaZ and CNS resist tetracycline mainly by protein pump mechanism. For SA, blaZ was detected out 27.2%, and the other five resistance genes were rare to be found. Conclusion Responding to antibiotics interfering with metabolisms of nucleotide, SA might be more resistant than CNS; while CNS strains are more likely to become mutations to survive under the stress of antibiotics interfering with protein synthesis. These might provide the advantages for CNS to represent like a reservoir of resistance genes for other staphylococci as the previous researches’ assumption.

scholarly journals First Case of Staphylococci Carrying Linezolid Resistance Genes from Laryngological Infections in Poland

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Michał Michalik ◽  
Maja Kosecka-Strojek ◽  
Mariola Wolska ◽  
Alfred Samet ◽  
Adrianna Podbielska-Kubera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Spa Typing ◽  
Linezolid Resistance ◽  
First Case ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Linezolid is currently used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-positive cocci. Both linezolid-resistant S. aureus (LRSA) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) strains have been collected worldwide. Two isolates carrying linezolid resistance genes were recovered from laryngological patients and characterized by determining their antimicrobial resistance patterns and using molecular methods such as spa typing, MLST, SCCmec typing, detection of virulence genes and ica operon expression, and analysis of antimicrobial resistance determinants. Both isolates were multidrug resistant, including resistance to methicillin. The S. aureus strain was identified as ST-398/t4474/SCCmec IVe, harboring adhesin, hemolysin genes, and the ica operon. The S. haemolyticus strain was identified as ST-42/mecA-positive and harbored hemolysin genes. Linezolid resistance in S. aureus strain was associated with the mutations in the ribosomal proteins L3 and L4, and in S. haemolyticus, resistance was associated with the presence of cfr gene. Moreover, S. aureus strain harbored optrA and poxtA genes. We identified the first case of staphylococci carrying linezolid resistance genes from patients with chronic sinusitis in Poland. Since both S. aureus and CoNS are the most common etiological factors in laryngological infections, monitoring of such infections combined with surveillance and infection prevention programs is important to decrease the number of linezolid-resistant staphylococcal strains.

scholarly journals Identification of Group G Streptococcal Isolates from Companion Animals in Japan and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzo Tsuyuki ◽  
Goro Kurita ◽  
Yoshiteru Murata ◽  
Mieko Goto ◽  
Takashi Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Resistance Patterns

scholarly journals Coagulase-negative staphylococci: a 20-year study on the antimicrobial resistance profile of blood culture isolates from a teaching hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Cataneli Pereira ◽  
Letícia Calixto Romero ◽  
Luiza Pinheiro-Hubinger ◽  
Adilson Oliveira ◽  
Katheryne Benini Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile

Occurrence of Multiple-Drug Resistance bacteria and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in burn infections from southwest of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hashemzadeh ◽  
Reza Heydari ◽  
Aram Asareh Zadegan Dezfuli ◽  
Morteza Saki ◽  
Hossein Meghdadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Maximum Resistance ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Abstract Background Burn infection continues to be a major issue of concern globally and causes more harm to developing countries. This study aimed to identify the aerobic bacteriological profiles and antimicrobial resistance patterns of burn infections in three hospitals in Abadan, southwest Iran. Methods The cultures of various clinical samples obtained from 325 burn patients were investigated from January to December 2019. All bacterial isolates were identified based on the standard microbiological procedures. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed according to the CLSI. Results A total of 287 bacterial species were isolated burn patients.P. aeruginosa was the most frequent bacterial isolate in Gram-negative bacteria and S. epidermidis was the most frequent species isolated in Gram-positive bacteria. The maximum resistance was found to ampicillin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, while in Gram-negative bacteria, the maximum resistance was found to imipenem, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, and amikacin. The occurrence of multidrug resistance phenotype was as follows: P. aeruginosa (30.3 %), Enterobacter spp (11.1 %), Escherichia coli (10.5 %), Citrobacter spp (2.1 %), S. epidermidis (2.8 %), S. aureus, and S. saprophyticus (0.7 %). Conclusion Owing to the diverse range of bacteria that because burn wound infection, regular investigation, and diagnosis of common bacteria and their resistance patterns is recommended to determine the proper antibiotic regimen for appropriate therapy.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterococcus Species Isolated from Produce

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 3133-3137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynette M. Johnston ◽  
Lee-Ann Jaykus
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Intrinsic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to characterize the antibiotic resistance profiles of Enterococcus species isolated from fresh produce harvested in the southwestern United States. Among the 185 Enterococcus isolates obtained, 97 (52%) were Enterococcus faecium, 38 (21%) were Enterococcus faecalis, and 50 (27%) were other Enterococcus species. Of human clinical importance, E. faecium strains had a much higher prevalence of resistance to ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and nitrofurantoin than E. faecalis. E. faecalis strains had a low prevalence of resistance to antibiotics used to treat E. faecalis infections of both clinical and of agricultural relevance, excluding its intrinsic resistance patterns. Thirty-four percent of the isolates had multiple-drug-resistance patterns, excluding intrinsic resistance. Data on the prevalence and types of antibiotic resistance in Enterococcus species isolated from fresh produce may be used to describe baseline antibiotic susceptibility profiles associated with Enterococcus spp. isolated from the environment. The data collected may also help elucidate the role of foods in the transmission of antibiotic-resistant strains to human populations.

scholarly journals Distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of bacterial species in stray cats, hospital-visiting cats, and veterinary staff in South Korea

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woo Kyung Jung ◽  
Sook Shin ◽  
Young Kyung Park ◽  
Suk-Kyung Lim ◽  
Dong-Chan Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance is becoming increasingly important in both human and veterinary medicine. According to the One Health concept, an important step is to monitor the resistance patterns of pathogenic bacteria. In this study, the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and trends of bacteria isolated from stray cats, hospital-visiting cats, and veterinary staff in South Korea between 2017 and 2018 were investigated. Results The minimum inhibitory concentrations of different antibiotics for Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae , and Enterococcus spp. were determined to establish representatives of different antibiotic classes relevant for treatment or surveillance. For Coagulase-positive and Coagulase-negative Staphylococci, resistance to fluoroquinolones was below 13%, but resistance to ampicillin and penicillin was high (20–88%). A total of 9.5%, 12.1%, and 40.3% of staphylococcal isolates from stray cats, hospital-visiting cats, and veterinary staff, respectively, were confirmed to be mecA positive. For Enterobacteriaceae , resistance to carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, and 3rd generation cephalosporins was low (0–11.1%). The Enterococcus spp. isolates showed no resistance to vancomycin. The antimicrobial resistance rates of the Staphylococcus spp. and Enterobacteriaceae isolates from stray cats were usually lower than those of isolates from hospital-visiting cats and veterinary staff, but the Enterococcus spp. isolates revealed the opposite. Thus, the antimicrobial resistance varied across bacterial species according to the source from which they were isolated. Conclusions Resistance to critically important compounds were low. These results emphasize the fact that more attention should be paid to the use of antimicrobials and the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in cats.

scholarly journals Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance and ESBL Carriage in Enterobacteriaceae Isolates from Broiler Chicken in the West Region of Cameroon: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leinyuy Jude Fonbah ◽  
Innocent Mbulli Ali ◽  
Ousenu Karimo ◽  
Christopher B. Tume
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
The West ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
West Region ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Abstract Background: The emergence of multidrug-resistant foodborne pathogens of animal origin is a growing concern. In particular, antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae of clinical importance has been on the rise. Identifying and monitoring resistance patterns in residual intestinal microflora in poultry are of great significance in the containment of antimicrobial resistance. The current study aimed to detect Enterobacteriaceae among broiler chicken and determine key antibiotic resistance patterns in isolates from poultry chicken in the West Region of Cameroon.Results: 275 cloacal swabs were collected from 28 poultry farms in 11 locations in 5 out of the 8 Divisions in the West Region. All samples tested positive for Enterobacteriaceae with an average of 3 different colonies per sample. 394 isolates were obtained belonging to 12 different Genera of Enterobacteriaceae distributed as 81 (20.56 %) Escherichia spp, 74 (18.78 %) Salmonella spp, 39 (9.90 %) Klebsiella spp, 38 (9.64 %) Proteus spp, 34 (8.63 %) Citrobacter spp, 31 (7.87 %) Enterobacter spp, 28 (7.87%) Providencia spp, 19 (4.82%) Hafnia spp, 15 (3.30 %) Shigella spp, 14 (3.55 %) Raoultella spp, 13 (3.30 %) Yersinia spp and 8 (1.78 %) Morgenella spp. Antibiotic susceptibility testing on isolates showed the following overall resistance to the various antibiotics tested: amoxicillin 345 (87.8%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 227 (57.8%), ceftriaxone 79 (20.1%), cefotaxime 65 (16.5%), imipenem 16 (4.1%), gentamicin 58 (14.5%), amikacin 12 (3.1%), ciprofloxacin 142 (37.1%), levofloxacin 124 (33.1%) and doxycycline 380 (96.7). 217 (55.1 %) were resistant to at least one antibiotic class of choice against Enterobacteriaceae, 80 (20.3 %) resistant to at least one cephalosporin, 164 (41.62 %) resistant to at least one quinolone and 66 (16.75 %) resistant to at least one aminoglycoside.173 (44.0%) showed MDR and 84 (21.32 %) were ESBL producers. Poor sanitation increased Enterobacteriaceae carriage, antibiotic misuse and long periods of rearing increased the risk of developing antimicrobial resistance, MDR and ESBL production. Conclusion: Poor sanitation in poultries caused high Enterobacteriaceae carriage in subjects. This high co-infection coupled with antibiotic abuse caused high prevalence of resistance, MDR and ESBL production. These outcomes showed relatively uniform distribution across the area of study.

scholarly journals Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal carriage among patients with diabetes at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257004
Author(s):  
Ramzy B. Anafo ◽  
Yacoba Atiase ◽  
Fleischer C. N. Kotey ◽  
Nicholas T. K. D. Dayie ◽  
Patience B. Tetteh-Quarcoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Diabetes Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Aim To investigate the epidemiology of S. aureus and MRSA nasal carriage among people with diabetes at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra, including the prevalence, predictors of carriage, and antibiotic resistance. Methodology This study was cross-sectional, involving 300 diabetes patients and 106 non-diabetic individuals. Swab specimens of the nares were obtained from the participants and bacteriologically-cultured. Identification and characterization of S. aureus and MRSA were based on standard bacteriological methods; antimicrobial susceptibility testing was by the Kirby-Bauer method. Results The prevalence of staphylococcal carriage, the diabetes group relative to the non-diabetes group, were 31.0% and 10.4% (S. aureus), and 3.3% and 0.0% (MRSA). Presence of diabetes predisposed to S. aureus carriage, but not MRSA nor coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) carriage (OR = 3.88; p < 0.0001). Colonization with CoNS was protective of S. aureus (OR = 0.039, p < 0.001) and MRSA (OR = 0.115, p = 0.043) colonization among the diabetics. The antimicrobial resistance patterns recorded among the S. aureus isolated from the diabetic individuals relative to the non-diabetics were as follows: penicillin (95% vs. 91%), tetracycline (37% vs. 27%), cotrimoxazole (30% vs. 36%), erythromycin (17% vs. 0%), norfloxacin (13% vs. 0%), clindamycin (12% vs. 0%), gentamicin (9% vs. 0%), fusidic acid (10% vs. 9%), linezolid (4% vs. 0%), and rifampicin (5% vs. 0%). The proportion of multidrug resistant S. aureus was 41% (n = 38) in the diabetes group and 0% in the non-diabetes group; this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.01). Conclusions The presence of diabetes predisposed the participants to S. aureus carriage by almost four folds, but not MRSA carriage. Colonization with CoNS was protective of S. aureus and MRSA carriage in the diabetes group. Finally, linezolid remains a good therapeutic agent for anti-MRSA therapy.

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