scholarly journals The effect of tractor supply in Iran agriculture from a macro plan point of view

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ghadiryanfar ◽  
A. Keyhani ◽  
A. Akram ◽  
S. Rafiee
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Current Policy ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Agricultural Yield

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the tractor supply on agricultural yield from a macro plan perspective. The required information was obtained from the Institute of Agricultural Machinery Extension and Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture of Iran. Regarding the number of tractors distributed, the maximum number of tractors distributed in Iran was 37 996 in 1983. The effect of this distribution pattern on the crops yields and planted area was investigated for a thirteen-year period from 1983 to 1996. The results showed that these tractors had significant effects on the crops yields and planted area. Also it was inferred that the power distribution in Iran agriculture with the current trend is not acceptable and no significant changes are expected from the current policy. It seems that the Iran agriculture market needs a shock like that in 1983, and that many tractors with different engine sizes should be supplied into the market in a short period of time.

scholarly journals ALVIC versus the Internet: Redesigning a Networked Virtual Environment Architecture

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Quax ◽  
Jeroen Dierckx ◽  
Bart Cornelissen ◽  
Wim Lamotte
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Generic Framework ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Networked Virtual Environment ◽  
Near Future

The explosive growth of the number of applications based on networked virtual environment technology, both games and virtual communities, shows that these types of applications have become commonplace in a short period of time. However, from a research point of view, the inherent weaknesses in their architectures are quickly exposed. The Architecture for Large-Scale Virtual Interactive Communities (ALVICs) was originally developed to serve as a generic framework to deploy networked virtual environment applications on the Internet. While it has been shown to effectively scale to the numbers originally put forward, our findings have shown that, on a real-life network, such as the Internet, several drawbacks will not be overcome in the near future. It is, therefore, that we have recently started with the development of ALVIC-NG, which, while incorporating the findings from our previous research, makes several improvements on the original version, making it suitable for deployment on the Internet as it exists today.

scholarly journals On the Handling Qualities of Two Flying Wing Aircraft Configurations

Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Luís M. B. C. Campos ◽  
Joaquim M. G. Marques
Keyword(s):  
Weak Coupling ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Mode I ◽  
Lateral Stability ◽  
Handling Qualities ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Flying Wings ◽  
Aircraft Configurations ◽  
Dutch Roll ◽  
Fully Coupled

The coupling of the longitudinal and lateral stability modes of an aeroplane is considered in two cases: (i) weak coupling, when the changes in the frequency and damping of the phugoid, short period, dutch roll, and helical modes are small, i.e., the square of the deviation is negligible compared to the square of the uncoupled value; (ii) strong coupling, when the coupled values may differ significantly from the uncoupled values. This allows a comparison of three values for the frequency and damping of each mode: (i) exact, i.e., fully coupled; (ii) with the approximation of weak coupling; (iii) with the assumption of decoupling. The comparison of these three values allows an assessment of the importance of coupling effects. The method is applied to two flying wing designs, concerning all modes in a total of eighteen flight conditions. It turns out that lateral-longitudinal coupling is small in all cases, and thus classical handling qualities criteria can be applied. The handling qualities are considered for all modes, namely the phugoid, short period, dutch roll, spiral, and roll modes. Additional focus is given to the pitch axis, considering the control anticipation parameter (CAP). The latter relates to the two kinds of manouever points, where damping vanishes, that are calculated for minimum speed, take-off, and initial and final cruise conditions. The conclusion compares two flying wings designs (the “long narrow” and “short wide” fuselage concepts) not only from the point of view of flight stability, but also from other viewpoints.

scholarly journals La evolución del sector público español en el periodo 1960-2000

2011 ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Estela Sáenz Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Statistical Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Graphic Display ◽  
The Public ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Depth Analysis

En este artículo se ofrece un análisis detallado de la evolución del sector público español desde la vertiente del gasto. En primer lugar, se presenta una breve reflexión acerca de la medición del tamaño del sector público. A continuación, se realiza una descripción histórica y gráfica de las series de gasto escogidas en el periodo 1960-2000. Las mismas nos revelan el importante cambio estructural experimentado por el sector público español en un periodo de tiempo relativamente corto. Finalizamos el estudio con un análisis de las propiedades estadísticas de estas variables.This article offers an in-depth analysis of the evolution of the Spanish public sector from the point of view of expenditure. First, there is a brief reflection on measuring the size of the public sector.This is followed by a description of the history and graphic display of the spending series chosen during the period 1960-2000. These show us the important structural change experienced by the Spanish public sector within a relatively short period of time. The study is completed with an analysis of the statistical properties of these variables.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL ECONOMIC CRIME (ON THE EXAMPLE OF MOSCOW AND THE MOSCOW REGION)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Igor' Lopatin
Keyword(s):  
Regional Economy ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Material Damage ◽  
Regional Society ◽  
Regional Economic

Economic crime at the regional level is a versatile category that is dangerous for the population of the region and negative from the point of view of society, characterized by the existing regional social conditions. The danger of manifestations of economic crime consists both in the consequence in the form of significant material damage to the population of the region, and in the destabilization of the regional economy as a whole. Parallel shadow operations with an illegal orientation are emerging and progressing in the regional society, which, given the current trend, can direct all the resources available in the region to their development.

scholarly journals Forecast of the COVID-19 trend in India: a simple modelling approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitao Song ◽  
Guihong Fan ◽  
Shi Zhao ◽  
Huichen Li ◽  
Qihua Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Simulation ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Wave Pattern ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Epidemic Size ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Short Period

Abstract By February 2021, the overall impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in India had been relatively mild in terms of total reported cases and deaths. Surprisingly, the second wave in early April becomes devastating and attracts worldwide attention. On April 30, 2021, India became the first country reporting over 400,000 daily new cases. Multiple factors drove the rapid growth of the epidemic in India and caused a large number of deaths within a very short period. These factors include a new variant with increased transmissibility, a lack of preparations exists national wide, and health and safety precautions poorly implemented or enforced during festivals, sporting events, and state/local elections. Moreover, India's cases and deaths are vastly underreported due to poor infrastructure, and low testing rates. In this paper, we use the COVID-19 mortality data in India and a mathematical model to calculate the effective reproduction number and to model the wave pattern in India. We propose a new approach to forecast the epidemic size and peak timing in India with the aim to inform mitigation in India. Our model simulation matched the reported deaths accurately and is reasonably close to results of serological study. We forecast that the IAR could reach 43% by June 13, 2021 under the current trend, which means 532,629 reported deaths with a 95% CI (552,445, 513,194) ie., double the current total deaths. Our approach is readily applicable in other countries and with other type of data (e.g. excess deaths).

scholarly journals Roaming Students’ Role as Text Analysts: An Analysis of Indonesian Tertiary EFL Students’ Review Paper

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Endang Setyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Basic Comprehension

Current trend in education has acknowledged the urgency to move students from the role of traditional receiver and echoer of information to the role of critical listener, speaker, reader, and writer. In so doing, the students need to embrace the role of text analysts who continuously question texts that they encounter. This study looked for indices of students’ engagement in text analyst role. The data for the analysis were collected from 25 EFL university students’ reviews which were randomly selected. Using the guidepost developed from Luke and Freebody’s (1999) Four Resources Framework, the study highlighted points of information and/or questions or issues addressed in the students’ writing which indicated students’ role as text analysts. The study revealed that 40 percent of the students failed to practice the text analyst role. Meanwhile, those who addressed the role showcased five major patterns of indices: (1) questioned the trustworthiness of text, (2) recognized bias, (3) uncovered hidden intention/agenda, (4) identified harmed/benefitted party, and (5) provided alternate point of view/way of saying and/or personal standing. This study concludes that the students will be able to engage in text analyst role under two conditions (1) they are not struggling with the basic comprehension and (2) they have reached a state of habituation of mind in terms of questioning text. It is therefore recommended that the students be given sufficient time for familiarization and have continuous practices to make a critical approach to texts.

Die transfemorale endovaskuläre Behandlung thorakaler Aneurysmen in Lokalanästhesie: eine einfache, sichere und zeitsparende Technik

VASA ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lachat ◽  
Pfammatter ◽  
Turina
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Endovascular Repair ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Controlled Hypotension ◽  
Catheter Technique ◽  
Short Period

Background: Endovascular aneurysm grafting of the descending thoracic aorta is a minimally invasive catheter technique, which is performed under general anesthesia. We describe a technique allowing to perform transfemoral endovascular repair of thoracic aortic repair under local anesthesia. Patients and methods: In 9 consecutive patients local anesthesia was performed in order to gain an opened femoral artery access for the delivery system, and a percutaneous access to the left brachial artery. A pigtail catheter was then placed through the left brachial artery for the location of the origin of the left subclavian artery and/or the aneurysm and self-expanding endoprothesis was released under fluoroscopic guidance. For the deployment of the endograft a short period of controlled hypotension with nitroglycerin bolus application was produced. Results: All the aneurysms could be successfully sealed with the intended endovascular technique. There was no vascular access complication or pulmonary or ischemic (cardiac, cerebral or peripheral) complication. In the follow-up period of 6 ± 3 months one patient needed a redo endovascular procedure because of the development of a severe and symptomatic distal endoleak 6 weeks postoperative. This procedure was again performed under local anesthesia. Conclusions: From a technical point of view, transfemoral endovascular repair of thoracic aneurysm can be performed under local anesthesia. This is a very simple and fast track procedure which combines a minimally invasive catheter technique and a less invasive anesthetic management.

scholarly journals Regional fat distribution in adolescents with anorexia nervosa: effect of duration of malnutrition and weight recovery

2007 ◽  
Vol 157 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Teresa García De Álvaro ◽  
María Teresa Muñoz-Calvo ◽  
Vicente Barrios ◽  
Guillermo Martínez ◽  
Gabriel Ángel Martos-Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Secondary Amenorrhea ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Regional Fat Distribution ◽  
Moderate Malnutrition

Objective: This study addresses the influence of the duration of malnutrition and the effect of weight recovery on regional fat mass distribution in moderately malnourished adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). Study design: We measured total and regional fat mass and leptin levels in 42 restrictive AN female adolescents and 23 controls. AN patients, followed over 2 years, were divided into three groups: prolonged moderate malnutrition (PM; secondary amenorrhea for over 1 year, n = 14); SM, short period of moderate malnutrition (secondary amenorrhea for less than 1 year, n = 13); and R, recovered from AN (BMI, body mass index and menses recovered for over 6 months, n = 15). Results: Total, trunk, and extremity fat mass were reduced in the PM and SM groups (P < 0.05), whereas only PM patients showed altered regional fat distribution with a low trunk to extremity fat ratio (P < 0.05). BMI increased after 12 months only in the SM group (P < 0.05), with menses resumption in 69% of these patients and BMI normalization at 24 months. Their regional fat distribution was similar to controls throughout the study. No difference in any parameter was found between the R group and the controls. Conclusion: Prolonged malnutrition, but not weight recovery, is associated with an abnormal regional fat distribution pattern in moderately malnourished AN adolescents.

scholarly journals Stability of Fractional Order Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Rivero ◽  
Sergei V. Rogosin ◽  
José A. Tenreiro Machado ◽  
Juan J. Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Calculus ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fractional Order Systems ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Systems And Control ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Control

The theory and applications of fractional calculus (FC) had a considerable progress during the last years. Dynamical systems and control are one of the most active areas, and several authors focused on the stability of fractional order systems. Nevertheless, due to the multitude of efforts in a short period of time, contributions are scattered along the literature, and it becomes difficult for researchers to have a complete and systematic picture of the present day knowledge. This paper is an attempt to overcome this situation by reviewing the state of the art and putting this topic in a systematic form. While the problem is formulated with rigour, from the mathematical point of view, the exposition intends to be easy to read by the applied researchers. Different types of systems are considered, namely, linear/nonlinear, positive, with delay, distributed, and continuous/discrete. Several possible routes of future progress that emerge are also tackled.

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