scholarly journals Effect of different drip irrigation regimes on tuber and starch yield of potatoes

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 546-550
Author(s):  
Petr Elzner ◽  
Miroslav Jůzl ◽  
Pavel Kasal
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soil Humidity ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Available Water Capacity ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Starch Yield ◽  
Positive Effect

Small-plot field trials monitored the effect of drip irrigation of potatoes on tuber and starch yield. The trials were performed at two different localities in two trial years, 2016 and 2017. The subject of the evaluation included two cultivars with different vegetation periods (the very early cv. Monika and the semi-early cv. Jolana). Four repeated trials studied 4 irrigation treatments according to the available water capacity (AWC) of the soil, i.e. without irrigation, irrigation when soil humidity decreased below 60, 65 and below 70% AWC. All monitored parameters reflected a positive effect of irrigation in comparison to the non-irrigated control. The Žabčice locality showed the highest tuber and starch yields mostly after medium-intensity irrigation. The Valečov locality achieved the highest tuber and starch yields after the highest-intensity irrigation. Subject to the locality and the cultivar, the recommendation is to introduce automatic irrigation start when the soil humidity drops to 65% AWC for heavy soils and 70% AWC for medium heavy soils.

scholarly journals Effect of Drip Irrigation and Complementary Nutrition with Nitrogen on Potato Quality and Yield

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
Petr Elzner ◽  
Miroslav Jůzl ◽  
Miroslav Jůzl
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Irrigation Intensity ◽  
Small Plot

A small-plot field experiment started in 2016 studied effect of drip irrigation on potato tuber yield and starch levels in the tubers. Two potato varieties with different vegetation periods (Monika, Jolana) were exposed to four drip irrigation intensity levels. They were non-irrigated controls and irrigated tubers with 60 %, 65 % and 70 % usable soil water capacity levels. The other studied parameter was represented by the effect of nitrogen fertilisation with the nitrogen nutrient added to the irrigation water (fertigation) in the course of the vegetation period in contrast to one-off application of the whole nitrogen dose before the potato planting. All irrigated variants in comparison to the non‑irrigated controls showed 30–60 % yield increase. The effect of fertigation on yields was statistically insignificant. Starch levels in the tubers were mostly affected by the variety. The irrigated variants in comparison to the non-irrigated controls showed higher starch levels in the harvested tubers but the differences were statistically insignificant.

scholarly journals Compost quality and its function as a soil conditioner of recultivation layers – a critical review

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Beck-Broichsitter ◽  
Heiner Fleige ◽  
Rainer Horn
Keyword(s):  
Northern Germany ◽  
Water Storage Capacity ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Available Water Capacity ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Frequency Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Air Capacity ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractDuring a period of 4 years, soil chemical and physical properties of the temporary capping system in Rastorf (Northern Germany) were estimated, whereby compost was partly used as soil improver in the upper recultivation layer. The air capacity and the available water capacity of soil samples were first determined in 2013 (without compost), and then in 2015 (with compost) under laboratory conditions. Herein, the addition of compost had a positive effect on: the air capacity up to 13.4 cm3cm−3; and the available water capacity up to 20.1 cm3cm−3in 2015, in the recultivation layer (0-20 cm). However, taking into account the in situ results of the tensiometer and frequency domain reflectometry measurements, the addition of compost had a negative effect. The soil-compost mixture led to restricted remoistening even after a normal summer drying period in autumn and induced more negative matric potentials in the recultivation layer. In summary, the soil-improving effect of the compost addition, in conjunction with an increased water storage capacity, is undeniable and was demonstrated in a combined field and laboratory study. Therefore, intensive hydrophobicity can inhibit the homogeneous remoistening of the soil, resulting in a decreased hydraulic effectiveness of the sealing system.

PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MATA KULIAH PENGETAHUAN ALAT PENGOLAHAN DAN PENYAJIAN MAKANAN PROGRAM STUDI TATA BOGA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodora Aruan ◽  
Abdul Hamid K ◽  
Samsidar Tanjung
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Learning Design ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Processing Program ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Program Knowledge

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengembangkan multimedia pembelajaran pada mata kuliah Pengetahuan Alat Pengolahan dan Penyajian Makanan yang layak digunakan pada mahasiswa program studi Tata Boga. (2) mengetahui efektifitas multimedia pembelajaran pada mata kuliah Pengetahuan Alat Pengolahan dan Penyajian Makanan program studi Tata Boga. Penelitian menggunakan model pengembangan produk Borg and Gall yang dipadu dengan model desain pembelajaran dari Dick and Carey. Metode penelitian ini terdiri dari dua tahapan, yang mana pada tahap I merupakan tahap uji coba produk yang terdiri dari: (1) validasi ahli desain pembelajaran, (2) validasi ahli materi pelajaran, (3) validasi ahli media pembelajaran, (4) uji coba perorangan, (5) uji coba kelompok kecil, dan (6) uji coba lapangan terbatas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) uji ahli desain pembelajaran berada pada kualifikasi sangat baik (82,17%), (2) uji ahli materi berada pada kualifikasi sangat baik (89,5%), (3) uji ahli media berada pada kualifikasi sangat baik (85%), (4) uji coba perorangan berada pada kualifikasi sangat baik (87%),  (5) uji coba kelompok kecil berada pada kualifikasi sangat baik (86%), dan (6) uji coba lapangan terbatas berada pada kualifikasi sangat baik (83,8%). Kata Kunci: multimedia, pembelajaran, pengetahuan alat pengolahan dan penyajian makanan Abstract: This study aims to: (1) develop learning multimedia in the subject of Knowledge Processing and Presentation Tools that are suitable for use in culinary study program students. (2) knowing the effectiveness of learning multimedia in the subject of Food Processing and Food Processing Program Knowledge and Processing Tools. The study used the Borg and Gall product development model combined with learning design models from Dick and Carey. This research method consists of two stages, which in stage I is the product testing phase which consists of: (1) validation of learning design experts, (2) expert material validation, (3) validation of learning media experts, (4) test try individuals, (5) small group trials, and (6) limited field trials. The results showed: (1) the learning design expert test was in very good qualification (82.17%), (2) the material expert test was in very good qualification (89.5%), (3) the media expert test was in the qualification very good (85%), (4) individual trials are in very good qualifications (87%), (5) small group trials are in very good qualifications (86%), and (6) limited field trials are at very good qualification (83.8%). Keywords: multimedia, learning, knowledge of processing and serving food

Positive effect of preparations with antiviral properties on potato productivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Kolychikhina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Production Conditions ◽  
Chitosan Lactate

In the small-plot experiment of the Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy against potato viruses in 2014-2019 were tested some kinds of preparations with antiviral activity: Pharmayod, GS (100 g/l of iodine); Immunocytophyte, TAB (20 g/kg arachidonic acid ethyl ester); Ecogel, WS (30 g/l of chitosan lactate); Amulet, TAB (composition of linear polyaminosaccharides (chitosan) in succinic acid solution); Zerox, WS (3000 mg /l colloidal silver); Viron, WS (biostimulant based on urea and citric acid with the addition of essential oils). According to the results of the studies, it was found that, in addition to the effect on the causative agents of viral diseases of potatoes, all tested preparations had a stable tendency to maintain or increase the yield of tubers of infected plants. The increase in the yield of tubers ranged from 0.5 to 1.3 kg/m2. In 2016 under the production conditions of Astrakhan region on the potato variety Impala infected with the PVM + PVS and PVM + PVS + PVY virus complexes a comparative assessment of the effect of Pharmayod and Immunocytophyte revealed a significant increase in the gross and marketable yield of potato plants in the areas with the use of these preparations compared to with control.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Degradation of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Herbicides in Vegetables

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 405
Author(s):  
Miroslav Jursík ◽  
Kateřina Hamouzová ◽  
Jana Hajšlová
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Baby Food ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Herbicide Residues ◽  
Harvest Intervals ◽  
Small Plot

(1) Background: Aryloxyphenoxy-propionates and cyclohexanediones are herbicides most widely used in dicot crops worldwide. The main objective of the study was to determine the dynamics of herbicide residues in carrot, lettuce, cauliflower, and onion in order to suggest a low level of residues in harvested vegetables. (2) Methods: Small plot field trials were carried out in four vegetables in the Czech Republic. The samples of vegetables were collected continuously during the growing season. Multiresidue methods for the determination of herbicide residues by LC-MS/MS were used. Non-linear models of degradation of individual herbicides in vegetables were calculated using the exponential decay formula. Action GAP pre-harvest intervals for the 25% and 50% maximum residue limit (MRL) and 10 µg kg−1 limit (baby food) were established for all tested herbicides. (3) Results: The degradation dynamics of fluazifop in carrot, onion, and cauliflower was significantly slower compared to quizalofop and haloxyfop. The highest amount (2796 µg kg−1) of fluazifop residues was detected in cauliflower 11 days after application. No residue of propaquizafop and cycloxydim was detected in any vegetable samples. (4) Conclusions: Aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicide (except propaquizafop) could contaminate vegetables easily, especially vegetables with a short growing season. Vegetables treated with fluazifop are not suitable for baby food. Lettuce and cauliflower treated by quizalofop are not suitable for baby food, but in onion and carrot, quizalofop could be used. Propaquizafop and cycloxydim are prospective herbicides for non-residual (baby food) vegetable production.

scholarly journals The United Kingdom Meteorological Office rainfall and evaporation calculation system: MORECS version 2.0-an overview

1997 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Hough ◽  
R. J. A. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soil Moisture Deficit ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Moisture Deficit ◽  
Available Water Capacity ◽  
Version 2.0 ◽  
Calculation System ◽  
New System

Abstract. The operational system known as MORECS which provides estimates of evaporation, soil moisture deficit and effective precipitation under British climatic conditions has been revised as version 2.0. An overview of the new system is described with emphasis on the new additions. The major changes from the older version (Thomson, Barrie and Ayles, 1981) include the introduction of the crop oil-seed rape, a revised treatment of soils and available water capacity and a land use data base which is representative of the 1990s.

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