scholarly journals Direct and subsequent effect of compost and poultry manure on the bioavailability of cadmium and copper and their uptake by oat biomass

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hanč ◽  
P. Tlustoš ◽  
J. Száková ◽  
J. Habart ◽  
K. Gondek
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Subsequent Effect ◽  
Oat Biomass ◽  
Cu Uptake

Direct and subsequent influence of added organic materials on changes of cadmium and copper bioavailability in soil and their accumulation in aboveground oat (<I>Avena sativa</I> L.) biomass was studied in a three-year experiment. Mineral NPK, poultry manure and two types of composts were used as fertilizers. The average portion of available cadmium and copper from their total content in soil in all treatments was 0.94% and 0.25%, respectively. After application of poultry manure the concentration of available Cd increased during experimental years, contrary to Cu. The Cd uptake increased proportionally with available Cd content in soil almost in all treatments during experimental years (correlation coefficient <I>R</I> = 0.54; <I>P</I> < 0.05). The Cu uptake was however different than Cd uptake, mainly in the second and third year. The lowest uptake of Cu was found in the first experimental year and was in close positive correlation with yields of dry biomass.

scholarly journals The influence of organic fertilizers application on phosphorus and potassium bioavailabilit

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hanč ◽  
P. Tlustoš ◽  
J. Száková ◽  
J. Balík
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Oat Biomass

A prerequisite to use organic fertilizers in a sustainable way is to quantify the amount of phosphorus and potassium available for plants that could be taken up by a crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate direct and subsequent influence of organic fertilizers addition (poultry manure and two types of composts) on the changes of bioavailability of phosphorus and potassium in soil and their accumulation in the aboveground oat biomass (<I>Avena sativa</I> L.) during three years. The available phosphorus and potassium contents in soil had a degressive trend during the years of experiment. The lowest contents of these elements in soil were found in all treatments in the last year of the experiment. The plants took up the least P and K after application of compost derived from predominant sewage sludge portion. A stronger correlation (<I>R</I> = 0.88; <I>P</I> < 0.05) was found between available content of K in soil treated with organic fertilizers and K content in the aboveground biomass of oat than in the case of P (<I>R</I> = 0.45; <I>P</I> < 0.05).

Management of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) in tame oat (Avena sativa L.) with early seeding dates and high seeding rates

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
W E May ◽  
S J Shirtliffe ◽  
D W McAndrew ◽  
C B Holzapfel ◽  
G P Lafond
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Oat Biomass ◽  
Density Treatment

Traditionally, farmers have delayed seeding to manage wild oat (Avena fatua L.) in tame oat (Avena sativa L.) crops, but this practice can adversely affect grain yield and quality. The objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate the effectiveness of using high seeding rates with early-seeded oat to maintain grain yield and quality, and (2) to determine an optimum seeding rate to manage wild oat and maximize grain yield and quality. The factors of interest were wild oat density (low and high density), seeding date (early May, mid May, early June and mid June), and tame oat seeding rate (150, 250, 350 and 450 viable seeds m-2). The study was conducted at Indian Head and Saskatoon, SK, in 2002, 2003 and 2004, at Winnipeg, MB, in 2002, and at Morden, MB, in 2003 and 2004. Wild oat biomass, wild oat panicle density and wild oat seed in the harvested sample decreased as seeding rate increased, while tame oat biomass and grain yield increased. Wild oat density ranged between 0 and 100 plants m-2 with averages of 10 plants m-2 in the low density treatment and 27 plants m-2 in the high density treatment. At low seeding rates, grain yield decreased with increasing wild oat density. The difference in grain yield between the two wild oat densities decreased as the seeding rate increased. There was a curvilinear decrease in grain yield as seeding was delayed. A seeding date × seeding rate interaction was noted for test weight, plump seed, thin seed and groat yield. Seed quality improved as seeding rate increased for only the mid-June seeding date. Even though the mid-June test weight increased as the seeding rate increased it was always lower than the early May test weight at any seeding rate. The results from this study established that in the presence of wild oats, early seeding of tame oat is possible providing high seeding rates, 350 plants m-2 are used.Key words: Wild oat competition, wild oat density, wild oat biomass, grain yield, grain quality

scholarly journals Remediation of heavy metal polluted soil through organic amendments

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
HM Naser ◽  
MZ Rahman ◽  
S Sultana ◽  
MA Quddus ◽  
MA Haoque
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Type Water

This study was conducted to determine the effects of organic materials to remediate contaminated soil with heavy metals. A pot study was performed by growing maize (Zea mays) in metal contaminated soil (10 kg pot-1) and soils amendments with cow manure dust, poultry manure dust, vermicompost dust, fern dust, water hyacinth dust, mustard stover dust and barnyard grass dust each at 5 g kg-1 soil. The results showed that Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr and Co uptake by maize depended on the organic materials type. Water hyacinth dust, fern dust, mustard stover dust, and barnyard grass dust addition led to decreased metal content in maize, and this decrease was better expressed with 20.5 to 33.3% for fern dust, 17.3 to 22.0 % for water hyacinth, 18.6 to 21.3% for mustard stover dust, 17.33 to 20.5% for barnyard grass dust. Cow manure dust, poultry manure dust and vermicompost dust led to increased metal content in the maize, and this increase was 6.80 to 18.7 % for cow manure, 18.9 to 86.7 % for poultry manure and 17.4 to 16.0 % for vermicompost. The different effectiveness of organic amendment on metal uptake by maize plant could be due to the nature of organic matter where water hyacinth dust, fern dust, mustard stover dust, and barnyard grass dust were mainly originated from plant. On the other hand, cow manure, poultry manure and vermicompost were mainly the excreta collected from cattle, poultry and earthworms. However, immobilization and phytoextraction techniques might be used to remediate soils which are contaminated with heavy metal.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(4): 589-598, December 2017

scholarly journals EFFECT OF NaCl ON HYEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS PRODUCTIVITY AND CONTENT IN ITS CELLS OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS, ACTIVE OXYGEN FORMS AND ASTAXANTINE

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. Averina ◽  
N. V. Kozel ◽  
R. A. Sherbakov ◽  
M. S. Radyuk ◽  
E. E. Manankina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Culture ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Cell Diameter ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Β Carotene

The effect of NaCl (25, 50, 100, 200 and 300 mM) on the productivity of the Haematococcus pluvialis strain IBCE H-17 on such parameters as dry biomass, content of protein, photosynthetic pigments, as well as astaxanthin and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was studied. It was found that NaCl at low and medium concentrations (25, 50 and 100 mM) in the culture medium stimulated the accumulation of dry biomass during the first 7 days of cultivation on average 1,3 times as compared to the control (Rudik’s standard medium). After 12 days of incubation, stimulation averaged 33 % using 25 and 50 mM salt. The protein content on a dry weight basis fell, averaging 70 % of the control on the 7th day of incubation with 50–300 mM salt and 55 % on the 12th day for a salt concentration of 100–300 mM. When the algae was grown for 7 days on solutions containing NaCl, the total content of photosynthetic pigments – chlorophylls (Chl) a and b as well as the carotenoids neoxanthine, violaxanthin, lutein and β-carotene decreased. Chl b was more resistant to salinity than Chl a. Of all the pigments, NaCl exerts the greatest negative effect on β-carotene. Stress conditions created by NaCl led to the generation of ROS, in particular, after 7 days of cultivation the total ROS content in the “NaCl-100” variant was 1.7 times higher than that in the control culture and 3.0 times higher than the control in the 12-day culture. A significant positive effect of salinity on the content of astaxanthin was noted. The maximum effect was observed with 100 mM NaCl. After 7 days of incubation, the content of astaxanthin exceeded the control indices by 2.8 times, and after 12 days – by 20.5 times. The number of algae cells after 7 days of incubation in the “NaCl-100” variant decreased on average by 33 %, while the cell diameter increased by 29 %. 

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Aqueous Extract of Allergic Food Samples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bhattacharya ◽  
N. Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites

Allergy is one of the most common diseases across the globe. Despite several efforts being made, incident of allergy is continuously rising. Among the several causes, food is one of the most important reasons of allergy. In the present study, we used seven allergic food products Arachishypogaea (peanut), Glycine max (soy), Beta vulgaris (beetroot), Avena sativa (oats), Solanummelongena L.(eggplant), Brassica oleracea var. italica (broccoli) and Allium cepa (onion). Phytochemical analysis of aqueous extracts of these seven samples was done in the laboratory. Phytochemical analysis consists of assessment of primary and secondary metabolites. Primary constituents consist of free amino acids, polysaccharides, protein and chlorophyll. The main objective of the research work was to check the total content of polysaccharide and free amino acids in the selected samples.

scholarly journals In-row Preplant Manure Composting Reduces Weed Populations

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1456-1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barakat Abu-Irmaileh ◽  
Azmi Abu-Rayyan
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Sheep Manure ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Manure Amendments

Fresh manure is normally broadcasted on the soil surface in vegetable growing areas of Jordan as a source of nutrients and organic matter. However, it can be an environmental pollutant and may lead to the outbreak of many health-related pests, especially houseflies. Field experiments were conducted in two locations to study the effect of in-row composting of four different fresh manures and olive pomace on preplant weed control in vegetables. In the first experiment, main treatments were as follows. 1) Organic materials were applied preplant and then the soil was covered with black polyethylene (BPE) sheets for 6 weeks (M). 2) Treatments were the same as in (M) but the soil surface was covered by BPE mulch for the whole growing season (MP). 3) There was soil incorporation of organic materials preplant, but the soil surface was unmulched during the 6-week period and weeds were controlled chemically later in the season (MC). 4) For the control (C), fresh organic materials were soil incorporated manually at time of planting. Each main treatment included four subtreatments. Each subtreatment received a different source of organic material: cow, poultry, or sheep manure or olive pomace. In the second experiment, the rates of poultry manure (0, 5, and 10 kg·m-2) comprised the main treatments. Each treatment included four subtreatments in which the manure was soil-incorporated then subplots were covered by BPE sheets for either 0, 2, 4, or 6 weeks. The composting process in the main treatments M and MP raised soil temperatures significantly at a 15-cm depth above soils without manure amendments. Soil temperatures were higher, especially with poultry manure, athough not significantly different in all cases. Composting poultry manure was more effective in reducing weed dry weights compared with other organic materials.

Estimation of Correlation Coefficient in Oats (Avena sativa L.) for Forage Yield, Grain Yield and their Contributing Traits

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mushtaq Ahmad ◽  
Gul Zaffar ◽  
S.D. Mir ◽  
Z.A. Dar ◽  
S.H. Dar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Forage Yield

USO DE CAMA AVIÁRIA NA PRODUÇÃO DE MILHO E QUALIDADE DA SILAGEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
SILVANE DE ALMEIDA CAMPOS ◽  
ROGÉRIO DE PAULA LANA ◽  
JOÃO CARLOS CARDOSO GALVÃO ◽  
STELIANE PEREIRA COELHO ◽  
EMERSON TROGELLO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Silage Quality

RESUMO - A cama aviária é rica em nutrientes, sobretudo em N, comparativamente a fertilizantes de origem orgânica comumente utilizados na agricultura. Além disso, os baixos custos e a alta oferta de cama aviária em várias regiões têm levado ao desenvolvimento de estudos para o seu aproveitamento como fertilizante. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da aplicação de doses de cama aviária, em cobertura, na produção de milho e na qualidade da silagem. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos (0,0, 1,5; 3,0; 4,5; 6,0 e 7,5 t ha-1 de cama aviária curtida) e quatro repetições. Determinaram-se altura de planta e de espiga, diâmetro do colmo, prolificidade, peso de espiga, proporção de espigas na matéria verde, produtividade de matéria verde e seca de plantas. Após 65 dias de armazenamento, os silos foram abertos para determinação dos teores de matéria seca e de proteína bruta, perdas por gases e efluente, e perda total de matéria seca das silagens. As doses de cama aviária não afetaram as características agronômicas e avaliativas da silagem, exceto a produtividade de matéria verde e seca de plantas que responderam linearmente ao aumento das doses aplicadas. O maior incremento na produtividade de matéria verde e seca de plantas de milho ocorreu com a dose 7,5 t ha-1 de cama aviária, superando em 39,49% e 27,62%, respectivamente, o tratamento controle. A adubação orgânica com cama aviária não afetou a qualidade das silagens produzidas.Palavras-chave: adubação, resíduo orgânico, produtividade, parâmetros qualitativos, Zea mays L. USE OF POULTRY MANURE IN CORN YIELD AND SILAGE QUALITY  ABSTRACT - Poultry manure is rich in nutrients, especially N, as compared with manure commonly used in agriculture. Moreover, the low costs of organic fertilizers compared with chemical fertilizers, the high offer of poultry manure in various regions has led to the development of studies for its use as fertilizer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of doses of poultry litter, in coverage, in corn silage yield and silage quality. The experiment consisted of a randomized block design with six treatments (0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5 t ha-1 of tanned poultry litter) and four replications. The height of plant and ear, stem diameter, prolificacy, the ear weight, the proportion of ears in green matter, the productivity of green and dry matter of plants were determined. After 65 days of storage, the silos were opened to determine the dry biomass, crude protein, losses by gases and by effluent and loss total of dry biomass of silages. The poultry litter did not affect the agronomic characteristics and quality of silage, except the productivity of green and dry matter of plants that responded linearly to the increase of the doses applied. The highest increase in the productivity of green and dry matter of corn plants occurred with the 7.5 t ha-1 of poultry litter exceeding by 39.49% and 27.62%, respectively, the control treatment. The organic fertilization with poultry manure does not affect quality of the produced silage.Keywords: fertilization, organic waste, productivity, qualitative parameters, Zea mays L.

scholarly journals EFEITOS DE DIFERENTES FONTES DE MATERIAL ORGÂNICO NA FERTILIDADE E UMIDADE DO SOLO

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 644-659
Author(s):  
Daniela Fernanda Alves ◽  
Kleso Silva Franco Junior ◽  
Giselle Giselle Prado Brigante ◽  
Márcio De Souza Dias ◽  
Natália Scalco Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Fundamental Importance ◽  
Material Control ◽  
Initial Analysis

Soil is a resource of fundamental importance for agriculture, one of its functions being the balanced supply of nutrients to plants. One of the ways to make the soil sustainable is by applying organic matter, which can be of animal or vegetable origin. The objective was to evaluate the effect of adding different organic materials to the soil in relation to its fertility and moisture. Conducted an initial analysis to analyze soil fertility. Then the area was divided into plots and the treatments were applied, which consisted of 40 ton ha-1 cattle manure, 5 ton ha-1 poultry manure, 53 ton ha-1 swine manure, 30 ton ha-1 coffee straw and 0 ton ha-1 organic material (control). After 90 days, samples were taken from this soil to analyze its fertility and moisture. The treatments that best contributed to its fertility were swine and cattle manure and the treatment that retained more moisture was coffee straw.

scholarly journals Production Technology for Oat Protein with Advanced Physicochemical, Functional, and Technological Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Егор Каширских ◽  
Egor Kashirskich ◽  
Ольга Бабич ◽  
Olga Babich ◽  
Ольга Кригер ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Molecular Weight Fractions

The current intensive industrialization has changed the food preferences of consumers. As a result, there is a growing demand for high-grade high-nutritional meat and dairy products, which, in its turn, triggered an increase in the demand for grain crops and led to higher animal feed prices. All these affected the price and quality of the finished product, since farms are trying to stay profitable. As a consequence, the high cost of animal proteins make producers look for other sources of protein with similar qualities. Common oat (Avena sativa L.) remains the most cultivated species. Oats are a source of high-quality protein with an optimal amino acid balance. The paper features a oat protein technology (Avena sativa). The research defined the parameters of the protein extraction process. For acid and alkaline methods, the following optimum parameters were revealed: temperature – 40 ± 2°C, hydraulic module – 1:10, time – 90 minutes, active acidity of the acid extraction – 2.0 units, active acidity of alkaline extraction – 9.0 units. The authors managed to obtain protein substances with the molecular weight > 50 kDa. The optimal parameters of ultrafiltration of the protein extract were as follows: pore diameter = 100 kDa at pH 8.0 and 0.5 MPa. The ultrafiltration conducted under these conditions showed that the content of high molecular fractions (globulins and albumins) increased from 39.12% to 55.15% for the extract obtained by alkaline method, whereas the content of low molecular weight fractions (prolamins and glutelins) decreased from 60.88% to 44.85%. Ultrafiltration of protein extracts obtained by alkaline and acidic methods made it possible to concentrate protein fractions with a molecular weight ≥ 50 kDa. When a 10% aqueous solution of succinic acid was used as a precipitator, the protein precipitation degree equaled 89.3%. The paper introduces a new oat protein purification method. The optimal multiplicity of purification by RP-HPLC was 4 purification cycles. For the alkaline extract, the total content of high molecular weight fractions (50.0–120.0 kDa) was 72.7% and the total content of low molecular weight fractions (15.0–49.0 kDa) was 27.3%. For the acid extract, the total content of high molecular weight fractions was 72.9%, while the content of low molecular weight fractions was 27.1%. Oat proteins obtained by alkaline and acid extraction demonstrated a high foaming ability (148–177%) at pH = 6.0–9.0, as well as a good fat and water retention capacity. The oat proteins were found to have a high content of protein and essential amino acids similar to animal proteins. A comparative analysis showed that oat protein can act as an alternative substitute for animal proteins.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document