scholarly journals Is Autonomy Always Beneficial for Work Engagement? A Six-year Four-Wave Follow-Up Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
Piia Seppälä ◽  
Anne Mäkikangas ◽  
Jari J. Hakanen ◽  
Asko Tolvanen ◽  
Taru Feldt
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Initial Level ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Specific Point ◽  
Relationship Patterns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Regression Mixture ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Predictive Relationship

Work engagement is expected to result from job resources such as autonomy. However, previous results have yielded that the autonomy–work engagement relationship is not always particularly strong. Whereas previous longitudinal studies have examined this relationship as an average at a specific point in time, this study examined whether this relationship is different within individuals from one time to another over the years. Furthermore, experiences of work engagement are expected to affect how employees benefit from autonomy, but no studies have so far investigated whether the initial level of work engagement affects the autonomy–work engagement relationship. This study aimed to first identify the different kinds of longitudinal relationship patterns between autonomy and work engagement, and then to investigate whether the identified relationship patterns differ in terms of the initial mean level of work engagement. The four-wave study was conducted among Finnish managers (n = 329) over a period of six years. Multilevel regression mixture analysis identified five relationship patterns. Four of the patterns showed a positive predictive relationship between autonomy and work engagement. However, the relationship was statistically significant in only one of these patterns. Furthermore, when the initial mean level of work engagement was high, autonomy related more strongly to work engagement. However, an atypical pattern was identified that showed a negative association between autonomy and work engagement. In this pattern, the mean level of work engagement was low. Consequently, autonomy may not always enhance work engagement; sometimes this relationship may even be negative.

scholarly journals Cycle length of nonsustanied ventricular tachycardias among ICD patients: implications on subsequent appropriate therapies

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Jiménez-Candil ◽  
Olga Duran ◽  
Armando Oterino ◽  
Jendri Pérez ◽  
Juan Carlos Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Beta Blocker ◽  
Cycle Length ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ventricular Tachycardias ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background ICD patients with episodes of nonsustained ventricular tachycardias (NSVT) are at risk of appropriate therapies. However, the relationship between the cycle length (CL) of such NSVTs and the subsequent incidence of appropriate interventions is unknown. Methods 416 ICD patients with LVEF < 45% were studied. ICD programming was standardized. NSVT was defined as any VT of 5 or more beats at ≥ 150 bpm occurred in the first 6 months after implantation that terminated spontaneously and was not preceded by any appropriate therapy. The mean follow-up was 41 ± 27 months. Results We analyzed 2201 NSVTs (mean CL = 323 ms) that occurred in 250 patients; 111 of such episodes were fast (CL ≤ 300 ms). Secondary prevention (HR = 1.7; p < 0.001), number of NSVT episodes (HR = 1.05; 95% CI 1.04–1.07; p < 0.001) and beta-blocker treatment (HR = 0.7; p = 0.04) were independent predictors of appropriate interventions; however, the mean CL of NSVTs was not (p = 0.6). There was a correlation between the mean CL of NSVTs and the CL of the first monomorphic VT: r = 0.88; p < 0.001. This correlation was especially robust in individuals with > 5 NSVTs (r = 0.97; p < 0.001), with an agreement between both values greater than 95%. Patients with any fast NSVT experienced a higher incidence of VF episodes (26%) compared to those without NVSTs (3%) or with only slow NSVTs (7%); p < 0.001. Conclusions Unlike the burden, the CL of NSVTs is not a predictor of subsequent appropriate interventions. However, there is a close relationship between the CL of NSVTs and that of arrhythmias that will later lead to appropriate therapies.

Abstract P014: Lower eGFR and Proteinuria Were Independently Associated With Lower Cognitive Abilities in Community-dwelling Men in Japan: SESSA study

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Fujiyoshi ◽  
Takayoshi Ohkubo ◽  
Katsuyuki Miura ◽  
Akihiko Shiino ◽  
Naoko Miyagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Lower Egfr ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: The relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cognitive function remains to be determined. Existing studies focused primarily on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) but not proteinuria in relation to cognitive function. Hypothesis: In a community-based sample, lower eGFR and presence of proteinuria are cross-sectionally independently associated with lower cognition. Methods: The Shiga Epidemiological Study of Subclinical Atherosclerosis (SESSA) randomly recruited and examined participants from Shiga, Japan in 2006-08 at baseline. Among 824 male participants in the follow-up exam (2010-12), we restricted our analyses to those who underwent the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI), age ≥65 years-old, free of stroke, with no missing pertinent covariates. We calculated eGFR (creatinine-based) according to the 2012-guideline by the Japanese Society of Nephrology. We then divided the participants into three groups by eGFR of ≥60, 59-40, and <40 (mL/min/1.73m 2 ), and separately divided into three groups according to proteinuria using urine dipstick: (-), (-/+), and ≥(1+). We defined CKD as either eGFR <60 or proteinuria ≥ (-/+). In linear regression with CASI score being a dependent variable, we computed the score adjusted for age, highest education attained, smoking, drinking, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Results: We analyzed 541 men. The mean [standard deviation] of age and unadjusted score were 72.6 [4.3] years and 89.7 [6.0]. Prevalence of CKD was 56%. The score was significantly lower in participants with CKD than those without it (P=0.03). eGFR and proteinuria categories were separately and jointly associated with lower CASI score in a graded fashion (Ps for trend <0.05 in all the models tested. Table 1 ). Conclusions: Lower eGFR and higher degree of proteinuria were independently associated with lower cognitive function in the community-based men. CKD even in its early phase may predispose to lower cognitive function.

The Relationship Between N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide Level and Myocardial Performance Index and Their Prognostic Importances in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction in Short Term Follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Mehmet Küçükosmanoğlu ◽  
Cihan Örem
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Ejection Time ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: MPI is an echocardiographic parameter that exibit the left ventricular functions globally. NT-proBNP  is an important both diagnostic and prognostic factor in heart failure. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of serum NT-proBNP levels and MPI in patients with STEMI. Method: Totally 104 patients with a diagnosis of STEMI were included in the study. Patients followed for 30-days and questioned for presence of symptoms of heart failure (HF) and cardiac death. Patients were invited for outpatient control after 30-days and were divided into two groups: (HF (+) group) and (HF (-) group). Results: Totally 104 patients with STEMI were hospitalized in the coronary intensive care unit. Of those patients, 17 were female (16%), 87 were male (84%), and the mean age of the patients was 58.9±10.8 years. During the 30-day follow-up, 28 (27%) of 104 patients developed HF. The mean age, hypertension ratio and anterior STEMI rate were significantly higher in the HF (+) group compared to the HF (-) group. Ejection time (ET) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were significantly lower and MPI was significantly higher in the HF (+) group. When the values on day first and  sixth were compared, NT-ProBNP levels were decreased in both groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the change in MPI values on the first and sixth days. Multiple regression analysis showed that the presence of anterior MI, first day NT-proBNP level and LVEF were independently associated with development of HF and death. Conclusion: In our study, NT-proBNP levels were found to be positively associated with MPI in patients with acute STEMI. It was concluded that the level of NT-proBNP detected especially on the 1st day was more valuable than MPI in determining HF development and prognosis after STEMI.  

scholarly journals Does Day Length Affect Cognitive Performance in Memory Clinic Patients?

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Lacny ◽  
Andrew Kirk ◽  
Debra G. Morgan ◽  
Chandima Karunanayake
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Remote Memory ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Memory Clinic ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective:To determine whether day length affects cognitive performance in rural and remote memory clinic patients.Methods:A rural and remote memory clinic in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan provided an opportunity to examine how cognitive performance on the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) is influenced by day length. Saskatchewan is an ideal location to test this association as day length varies greatly both seasonally and geographically. Following an initial assessment by the Rural and Remote Memory Clinic (RRMC) team in Saskatoon, patient follow-up appointments were performed either in-person or via telehealth videoconference. At each follow-up appointment the clinic neurologist administered the MMSE. The relationship between day length and MMSE scores at the sixweek follow-up appointment was analyzed in 154 patients. The mean daily temperature was controlled for in the analysis. Bivariate correlate and linear regression analyses were conducted.Results:There was no significant association between MMSE scores and either minutes of day length or mean daily temperature.Conclusion:Day length does not appear to have significant effect on cognitive performance of rural and remote memory clinic patients.

scholarly journals The relationship between body mass index before pregnancy and the amount of weight that should be gained during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Resmiye Özdilek ◽  
Yılda Arzu Aba ◽  
Sena Dilek Aksoy ◽  
Bulat Aytek Şık ◽  
Yaşam Kemal Akpak
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To investigate the adaptation of pregnant women to the recommended weight gain range according to body mass index (BMI) and to determine the factors affecting them. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in a university hospital’s obstetrics and gynecology unit (tertiary center) in Turkey. This study was conducted between March 2018 and August 2018 (6 months) in pregnant women. Pregnant women with chronic disease and receiving treatment during antenatal follow-up, with twin pregnancy, with a fetus with a congenital abnormality, and nutritional disturbance were excluded from the study. Eight hundred twelve pregnant women with normal antenatal follow-up and who volunteered to participate were included in the study. Results: The mean age of the participants was 27.66±5.05 years. The mean weight and BMI before pregnancy were near standard in all participants. The group with the highest rate of recommended weight gain according to BMI before pregnancy was the group with low weight pregnant women. The ideal weight gain rate in all groups was 32%. Conclusions: The groups with overweight and obese pregnant women according to BMI before pregnancy had the highest rates of weight gain, above the recommended limits. BMI before pregnancy directly affects weight gain during pregnancy and the importance of pre-pregnancy counseling and weight loss is emphasized once again. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133 How to cite this:Ozdilek R, Aba YA, Aksoy SD, Sik BA, Akpak YK. The relationship between body mass index before pregnancy and the amount of weight that should be gained during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

The Relationship between Low Intraoperative Hematocrit Levels during Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Postoperative Neurological Events

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. E243-E247
Author(s):  
Metin Yılmaz ◽  
Anıl Özen ◽  
Kerem Yay ◽  
Ertekin Utku Ünal ◽  
Ömer Faruk Çiçek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Pathological Finding ◽  
Coronary Bypass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Heart ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: The objective of our study is to analyzewhether low intraoperative hematocrit levels have an effectupon postoperative neurological events.Methods: Our study included 140 patients who underwentisolated coronary bypass under cardiopulmonary bypassbetween 2009 and 2012. The main group of the study was70 patients with intraoperative hematocrit levels lower than22%. These patients’ 30-day postoperative neurological (particularlystroke) follow up was registered as the main data ofthe study. Another group of 70 patients possessing the samedemographic features who underwent open heart surgerywith hematocrit levels remaining above 22% were registeredas the control group for perioperative neurological data.Results: The average age of the patients with hematocritlevels below and above 22% was 56.8 ± 5.8 years and 54.1± 7.3 years, respectively. The mean follow-up period of thepatients was 37.2 ± 8.6 days. None of the patients had anyneurological postoperative sequalae. No mortalities occurred.One patient who had mild paresthesia and motor weaknessof the left hand had no pathological finding on computedtomography and was diagnosed with peripheral neuropathydue to intraoperative sternal retraction.Conclusion: Because our study revealed no cerebrovascularevents, coronary bypass surgery under cardiopulmonarybypass may be safely conducted even in patients with hematocritlevels lower than 22%.

scholarly journals Phrenic to musculocutaneous nerve transfer for traumatic brachial plexus injuries: analyzing respiratory effects on elbow flexion control

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Socolovsky ◽  
Martijn Malessy ◽  
Gonzalo Bonilla ◽  
Gilda Di Masi ◽  
María Eugenia Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Deep Breathing ◽  
Normal Breathing ◽  
Elbow Function ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

OBJECTIVEIn this study, the authors sought to identify the relationship between breathing and elbow flexion in patients with a traumatic brachial plexus injury (TBPI) who undergo a phrenic nerve (PN) transfer to restore biceps flexion. More specifically, the authors studied whether biceps strength and the maximal range of active elbow flexion differ between full inspiration and expiration, and whether electromyography (EMG) activity in the biceps differs between forced maximum breathing during muscular rest, normal breathing during rest, and at maximal biceps contraction. All these variables were studied in a cohort with different intervals of follow-up, as the authors sought to determine if the relationship between breathing movements and elbow flexion changes over time.METHODSThe British Medical Research Council muscle-strength grading system and a dynamometer were used to measure biceps strength, which was measured 1) during a maximal inspiratory effort, 2) during respiratory repose, and 3) after a maximal expiratory effort. The maximum range of elbow flexion was measured 1) after maximal inspiration, 2) during normal breathing, and 3) after maximal expiration. Postoperative EMG testing was performed 1) during normal breathing with the arm at rest, 2) during sustained maximal inspiration with the arm at rest, and 3) during maximal voluntary biceps contraction. Within-group (paired) comparisons, and both correlation and regression analyses were performed.RESULTSTwenty-one patients fit the study inclusion criteria. The mean interval from trauma to surgery was 5.5 months, and the mean duration of follow-up 2.6 years (range 10 months to 9.6 years). Mean biceps strength was 0.21 after maximal expiration versus 0.29 after maximal inspiration, a difference of 0.08 (t = 4.97, p < 0.001). Similarly, there was almost a 21° difference in maximum elbow flexion, from 88.8° after expiration to 109.5° during maximal inspiration (t = 5.05, p < 0.001). Involuntary elbow flexion movement during breathing was present in 18/21 patients (86%) and averaged almost 20°. Measuring involuntary EMG activity in the biceps during rest and contraction, there were statistically significant direct correlations between readings taken during normal and deep breathing, which were moderate (r = 0.66, p < 0.001) and extremely strong (r = 0.94, p < 0.001), respectively. Involuntary activity also differed significantly between normal and deep breathing (2.14 vs 3.14, t = 4.58, p < 0.001). The degrees of involuntary flexion were significantly greater within the first 2.6 years of follow-up than later.CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that the impact of breathing on elbow function is considerable after PN transfer for elbow function reconstruction following a TBPI, both clinically and electromyographically, but also that there may be some waning of this influence over time, perhaps secondary to brain plasticity. In the study cohort, this waning impacted elbow range of motion more than biceps muscle strength and EMG recordings.

How Transformational Leadership Influences Work Engagement Among Nurses: Does Person–Job Fit Matter?

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibeawuchi K. Enwereuzor ◽  
Leonard I. Ugwu ◽  
Onyinyechi A. Eze
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hospital Nurses ◽  
Job Fit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Simple Slope ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Predictive Relationship

The current study examines whether person–job fit moderates the relationship between transformational leadership and work engagement. Data were collected using cross-sectional design from 224 (15 male and 209 female) hospital nurses. Participants completed measures of transformational leadership, person–job fit, and work engagement. Moderated multiple regression results showed that transformational leadership had a significant positive predictive relationship with work engagement, and person–job fit had a significant positive predictive relationship with work engagement. Simple slope analysis showed that person–job fit moderated the relationship between transformational leadership and work engagement such that transformational leadership was more positively related to work engagement for nurses with high person–job fit compared with those with low person–job fit. Thus, all the hypotheses were confirmed. The findings were discussed, and suggestions for future research were offered.

scholarly journals Long-term developmental follow-up in children with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggie Bellew ◽  
Paul Chumas
Keyword(s):  
Normal Population ◽  
Time Of Surgery ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Single Suture ◽  
The Average Range

OBJECT The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) by type of craniosynostosis and to verify the finding that at long-term follow-up, verbal IQ (VIQ) is significantly higher than performance IQ (PIQ) in patients with single-suture sagittal synostosis (SS) despite falling within the “average” range for intelligence. Whether this also occurs in other types of craniosynostosis and whether surgery and sex are relevant were also determined. The relationship between age at time of surgery and later IQ was ascertained. METHODS The data for 91 children with craniosynostosis (47 sagittal, 15 unicoronal, 13 metopic, 9 multisuture, and 7 bicoronal) were collected at their routine, 10 years of age IQ assessment (mean age 123.8 months). The patients included 61 males and 30 females; 62 patients had undergone surgery and 29 had not. RESULTS The mean FSIQ for all types of craniosynostosis combined (96.2) fell within the average range for the general population. Some variation was evident across the different types of craniosynostosis: the SS group showed the highest FSIQs and a “normal” distribution of bandings; the other types had a higher proportion of FSIQs in the lower bandings. The data confirmed the finding that VIQ is greater than PIQ despite falling within the average range for intelligence, with a difference of 5.0 for all types of craniosynostosis combined (p = 0.001), 7.6 for the SS group (p = 0.001), and 6.9 for the unicoronal group (p = 0.029). This VIQ > PIQ effect was not found with multisuture craniosynostosis. The VIQ > PIQ discrepancy occurred regardless of whether the patient had undergone surgery and occurred more often in males than females. In the SS group and the bicoronal group, FSIQ (p = 0.036 and p = 0.046, respectively) and PIQ (p = 0.012 and p = 0.017, respectively), though not VIQ, were higher when surgery had been performed early. CONCLUSIONS The study confirms that at long-term follow-up, although children with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis fall within the normal range for intelligence, there is a VIQ > PIQ discrepancy above what would be expected in the normal population, which may be indicative of more subtle difficulties in achievement. This discrepancy is affected by type of craniosynostosis, sex, and age at time of surgery.

Risk of progression of degenerative lumbar scoliosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Yeong Seo ◽  
Kee-Yong Ha ◽  
Tae-Hyok Hwang ◽  
Ki-Won Kim ◽  
Young-Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Curve Progression ◽  
Degenerative Lumbar Scoliosis ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
Apical Vertebra ◽  
Lumbar Scoliosis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cobb Method ◽  
The Relationship

Object In this paper the authors' goal was to determine the factors associated with the progression of degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS). Methods Twenty-seven patients (3 men and 24 women; mean age 64.9 years) with more than 10° of lumbar scoliosis at baseline were monitored for a mean period of 10 years. The radiological evaluation included measurement of the scoliosis angle using the Cobb method, the direction of the scoliosis, the relationship between the intercrest line and the L-5 vertebra, lateral listhesis, segmental angle, distance from the center of the sacral line to the apical vertebra, degenerative listhesis anteriorly or posteriorly or both, and lordosis angle. In addition, the lateral osteophyte difference, disc index, and severity of osteoporosis were measured. The pain and disability outcomes were assessed using the visual analog scale and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) relative to severity of the angle of scoliosis. Results The mean initial and final scoliosis angles were 14° ± 5.4° and 25° ± 8.5°, respectively. The initial disc index at the L-3 vertebra (Spearman ρ = 0.7, p < 0.001), the sum of the segmental wedging angles above and below the L-3 vertebra (ρ = 0.6, p < 0.001), and the initial disc index at the apical vertebra (ρ = 0.6, p < 0.001) were correlated with the last follow-up angle of the scoliosis. By contrast, there was no statistically significant correlation between the initial segmental angles at L2–3 and L3–4 and the final follow-up scoliosis angle (ρ = 0.2, p = 0.67; and ρ = 0.1, p = 0.22; respectively). When the authors separated the patients into 3 groups according to the sum of the segmental angles above and below L-3 (< 5°, 5° to 10°, and > 10°), they found that 3 (42.9%) of 7, 8 (66.7%) of 12, and 6 (75.0%) of 8 patients in the 3 groups showed increases of greater than 10° in scoliosis angle. The mean distance from the center of the sacral line to the apical vertebra was 36.0 ± 9.7 mm, and the distance correlated with the measurement of the last follow-up angle of the scoliosis (ρ = 0.6, p < 0.001). The mean angle of the scoliosis was significantly greater when the intercrest line passed through the L-5 or L4–5 disc space than when the line passed through the L-4 vertebral body (31.4° ± 7.9° vs 21.8° ± 6.7°, p = 0.01). The ODI correlated with the measurement of the angle of the scoliosis (ρ = 0.6, p < 0.001). Age, sex, osteoporosis, the direction of the scoliosis, listhesis of coronal and sagittal planes, the lateral osteophyte difference, and the vertebral body index did not correlate with curve progression. Conclusions The findings of this study demonstrated that the progression of DLS was affected by the relationship between the intercrest line and the L-5 vertebra. When L-5 was deep seated, progression of DLS was found. Asymmetrical change in the disc space above and below the L-3 or apical vertebra may also be an important predictor of curve progression.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document