Studi lapangan variabel iklim rumah vernakular pantai dan gunung dalam menciptakan kenyamanan termal adaptif

Microclimate variables are one of the variables that affect adaptive thermal comfort. The microclimate variables are air temperature, solar radiation temperature, air humidity and wind speed. In this study the discussion of microclimate variables is specific to air temperature and air humidity. This is based on other studies which mention that the most influential climate variables are air temperature and humidity. This research is a field study that will compare air temperature and humidity in coastal and mountain areas. Measurements are carried out in 3 seasons, namely the dry season to rain, the rainy season and the rainy season to the dry season. Measurement of air and humidity temperature variables in two rooms in the building and outside space and terrace. The results of the study show that there are significant differences between coastal and mountain dwellings. This difference is related to adaptive thermal comfort through thermal sensation. Thermal sensation results show that the location of the mountain is that most residents feel cool, while at the beach location, the residents are mostly comfortable or neutral.

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The Connection between Architectural Elements and Adaptive Thermal Comfort of Tropical Vernacular Houses in Mountain and Beach Locations

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14217427 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (21) ◽

pp. 7427

Author(s):

Hermawan Hermawan ◽

Jozef Švajlenka

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Mixed Method ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Qualitative Methodology ◽

Dry Season ◽

Architectural Elements ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Adaptive Thermal Comfort ◽

Architectural Features ◽

Study Results

Passive thermal comfort has been widely used to test the thermal performance of a building. The science of active thermal comfort is important to be connected with the science of architecture. The currently developing active thermal comfort is adaptive thermal comfort. Vernacular houses are believed to be able to create thermal comfort for the inhabitants. The present study seeks to analyze the connection between the architectural elements of vernacular houses and adaptive thermal comfort. A mixed method was applied. A quantitative approach was used in the measurement of variables of climate, while a qualitative methodology was employed in an interview on thermal sensations. The connection between architectural elements and adaptive thermal comfort was analyzed by considering the correlation among architectural features, the analysis results of thermal comfort, and the Olgyay and psychrometric diagrams. At the beginning of the rainy season, residents of exposed stone houses had the highest comfortable percentage of 31%. In the middle of the rainy season, the highest percentage of comfort was obtained by residents of exposed brick and wooden houses on the beach at 39%. The lowest comfortable percentage experienced by residents of exposed stone houses at the beginning of the dry season was 0%. The beginning of the dry season in mountainous areas has air temperatures that are too low, making residents uncomfortable. The study results demonstrate that adaptive thermal comfort is related to using a room for adaptation to create thermal comfort for the inhabitants.

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Microclima e a arborização: o caso de duas áreas do Núcleo Marabá Pioneira, Marabá - Pará

Revista Ecologia e Nutrição Florestal - ENFLO ◽

10.5902/2316980x20965 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 54

Author(s):

Antônio Pereira Júnior ◽

Edmir Dos Santos Jesus ◽

Milka Beatriz Faval Bastos ◽

Rafael Victor Castro Santos

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Thermal Comfort ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Thermal Sensation ◽

Urban Climate ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Discomfort Index ◽

Opposite Tendency

Studies of the urban climate involve numerous climatic variables, such as temperature, air humidity and vegetation. The objective of this research was to determine the trend of two meteorological variables (air temperature relative humidity), in relation to the arborization, sensation and thermal hygrometric perception of the population in the microclimate of two areas (A1 = Avenue Antônio Maia; A2 = Street 5 de Abril) Core Marabá Pioneira. For the measurement of temperature and humidity of the air, the methodology recommended by the Agronomic Institute of Campinas (IAC), adapted for the schedules and collection numbers, was applied. To obtain data on thermal comfort, seventy mixed forms were applied for two consecutive days at 12 hours. The thermal sensation was classified per the contained in the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and the discomfort, with the Thom Discomfort Index (ID). Twelve daily readings (6:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.) were carried out at each hour in the four meteorological shelters (two in each area) during 23 days of July 2015. The results indicated that the air temperature has tendencies to elevation, The relative humidity of the air, presents opposite tendency. The thermal sensation is very hot (+3), the satisfaction with shading was classified as good (A2 = 50%) and regular (A1 = 41.67%), thermal comfort (A1 = 28.76 °C; A2 = 27.70 ºC), ranges from uncomfortable to very uncomfortable. Therefore, there is a need to improve afforestation in the Marabá Pioneira Nucleus, in order to reduce the discomfort index and the quality of life of the population.

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Thermal performance and concentration of gases in facilities for pigs in semiarid region from State of Paraiba - Brazil

Engenharia Agrícola ◽

10.1590/s0100-69162012000100004 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 30-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dermeval A. Furtado ◽

Daniele Amancio ◽

José W. B. do Nascimento ◽

Josivanda P. Gomes ◽

Rafael C. Silva

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Thermal Comfort ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Dry Season ◽

International Standards ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Thermal Discomfort ◽

Rainy Period ◽

Globe Temperature ◽

The Times

The study was conducted in a facility for pigs during the nursery and finishing in the town of 'Montadas', in the semiarid of the state of Paraiba, Brazil, in the rainy and dry season, aiming to evaluate the concentration of oxygen, methane, carbon monoxide and ammonia, and the bioclimatic indexes: ambient temperature (AT), relative humidity (RH) and the index of black globe temperature and humidity (IBGTH). These indexes differed significantly (P>0.05) between the periods and times. The AT in the rainy season was in the thermal comfort zone(TCZ) in most of the times in the nursery; for the finishing phase, thermal discomfort occurred; during the dry season, there was thermal comfort in the nursery phase; in the finishing phase the thermal discomfort occurred at all times. In the rainy season, the IBGTH was in TCZ; in the dry season, it was above the TCZ. The RH in the rainy period was in the TCZ; in the dry season, in most of the times, below the range of the TCZ. The concentration of gases showed no differences (P > 0.05) between periods and between the times, and the carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide and methane were below 1.0 ppm, and the ammonia showed a mean of 5.2 ppm. None of the analyzed gases exceeded the limits established by Brazilian and international standards for animals and workers.

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An Interactive Task Conditioning System Featuring Personal Comfort Models and Non-Intrusive Sensing Techniques: A Field Study in Shanghai

Technologies ◽

10.3390/technologies9040090 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 90

Author(s):

Siliang Lu ◽

Erica Cochran Hameen

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Field Study ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Thermal Environment ◽

Thermal Sensation ◽

New Paradigm ◽

Dynamic Task ◽

Current Task ◽

Open Plan

Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems play a key role in shaping office environments. However, open-plan office buildings nowadays are also faced with problems like unnecessary energy waste and an unsatisfactory shared indoor thermal environment. Therefore, it is significant to develop a new paradigm of an HVAC system framework so that everyone could work under their preferred thermal environment and the system can achieve higher energy efficiency such as task ambient conditioning system (TAC). However, current task conditioning systems are not responsive to personal thermal comfort dynamically. Hence, this research aims to develop a dynamic task conditioning system featuring personal thermal comfort models with machine learning and the wireless non-intrusive sensing system. In order to evaluate the proposed task conditioning system performance, a field study was conducted in a shared office space in Shanghai from July to August. As a result, personal thermal comfort models with indoor air temperature, relative humidity and cheek (side face) skin temperature have better performances than baseline models with indoor air temperature only. Moreover, compared to personal thermal satisfaction predictions, 90% of subjects have better performances in thermal sensation predictions. Therefore, personal thermal comfort models could be further implemented into the task conditioning control of TAC systems.

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Assessing The Thermal Comfort Conditions In Open Spaces: A Transversal Field Survey On The University Campus In India

International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability ◽

10.11113/ijbes.v8.n3.786 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 77-92

Author(s):

Pardeep Kumar ◽

Amit Sharma

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Arid Regions ◽

Thermal Sensation ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽

Cold Weather ◽

Open Spaces ◽

Physiological Equivalent Temperature ◽

Preferred Temperature

Outdoor thermal comfort (OTC) promotes the usage frequency of public places, recreational activities, and people's wellbeing. Despite the increased interest in OTC research in the past decade, less attention has been paid to OTC research in cold weather, especially in arid regions. The present study investigates the OTC conditions in open spaces at the campus area in the arid region. The study was conducted by using subjective surveys(questionnaire) and onsite monitoring (microclimate parameters). The study was conducted at the Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, Haryana-India campus during the cold season of 2019. The timings of surveys were between 9:00 and 17:00 hours. The authors processed the 185 valid questionnaire responses of the respondents to analyze OTC conditions. Only 8.6% of the respondents marked their perceived sensation "Neutral." Regression analysis was applied between respondents' thermal sensations and microclimate parameters to develop the empirical thermal sensation model. The air temperature was the most dominant parameter affecting the sensations of the respondents. The empirical model indicated that by increasing air temperature, relative humidity, and solar radiation, the thermal sensations also increased while wind speed had an opposite effect. Physiological equivalent temperature (PET) was applied for assessing the OTC conditions; the neutral PET range was found to be 18.42-25.37°C with a neutral temperature of 21.89°C. The preferred temperature was 21.99 °C by applying Probit analysis. The study's findings could provide valuable information in designing and planning outdoor spaces for educational institutions in India's arid regions

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Possible Perception Bias in the Thermal Evaluation of Evaporation Cooling with a Misting Fan

Clean Technologies ◽

10.3390/cleantechnol3010011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 183-205

Author(s):

Craig Farnham ◽

Jihui Yuan

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Thermal Sensation ◽

Air Flow ◽

Low Energy ◽

Perception Bias ◽

Mist Cooling ◽

Hot Environments ◽

Subject Effect ◽

Evaporation Cooling

Mist evaporation cooling (MEC) is increasingly used as a low-energy means to improve thermal comfort in hot environments. However, the thermal sensation votes (TSV) often overshoot values of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) models. Evaluations of MEC may be affected by an expectation that mist feels cool or the “good subject” effect. Here, subjects are exposed to a misting fan and an identical fan without mist and asked which fan feels cooler. Unknown to the subjects, the misting fan has almost no cooling effect (about 0.4 K reduction in air temperature) and a hidden heater increased the temperature of the misting fan air flow, making it up to 1.6 K warmer than the fan without mist. Supplemental experiments told the subjects about the heater. Surveys of over 300 subjects when varying this misted air temperature showed a bias above random chance that people vote that a misting fan airflow was cooler, even when it was the same temperature or slightly warmer than the non-misting fan. It is possible that the expectation of cooling or good subject effect influences evaluations of mist. This effect should be considered in thermal comfort evaluations of mist cooling and in the deployment of MEC systems.

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The Thermal Comfort of Sedentary Workers

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/101053958700100213 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 74-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S C Foo ◽

WO Phoon

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Thermal Environment ◽

Thermal Sensation ◽

Tropical Climate ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

The Body ◽

Office Workers ◽

Preferred Temperature

Two hundred and eighty-five Office workers were surveyed and the micro-climatic conditions in which they worked were measured to evaluate their preferred temperature. About 78% of workers considered the natural tropical climate uncomfortable. However, 76% to 87% of workers in airconditioned Offices approved of their thermal environment if its temperature ranged from 21°C to 27°C. Many workers who felt that the temperature produced a neutral thermal sensation in the body as a whole, tended to complain that their heads were too warm and at the same time their limbs too cool. About 60% of workers in airconditioned Offices were exposed to an air temperature of less than 24°C. Present data suggest that an air temperature of 27°C would be comfortable for more than 80% of workers.

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Thermal comfort analyses of naturally ventilated university classrooms

Structural Survey ◽

10.1108/ss-12-2015-0055 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (4/5) ◽

pp. 427-445 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Baharuddin Hamzah ◽

Muhammad Taufik Ishak ◽

Syarif Beddu ◽

Mohammad Yoenus Osman

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Thermal Environment ◽

Thermal Sensation ◽

National Standard ◽

Content Type ◽

Thermal Environments ◽

Neutral Temperature ◽

Radiant Temperature ◽

University Classrooms

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse thermal comfort and the thermal environment in naturally ventilated classrooms. Specifically, the aims of the study were to identify the thermal environment and thermal comfort of respondents in naturally ventilated university classrooms and compare them with the ASHRAE and Indonesian National Standard (SNI); to check on whether the predicted mean vote (PMV) model is applicable or not for predicting the thermal comfort of occupants in naturally ventilated university classrooms; and to analyse the neutral temperature of occupants in the naturally ventilated university classrooms. Design/methodology/approach The study was carried out at the new campus of Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Gowa campus. A number of field surveys, which measured thermal environments, namely, air temperature, mean radiant temperature (MRT), relative humidity, and air velocity, were carried out. The personal activity and clothing properties were also recorded. At the same time, respondents were asked to fill a questionnaire to obtain their thermal sensation votes (TSV) and thermal comfort votes (TCV), thermal preference, and thermal acceptance. A total of 118 respondents participated in the study. Before the survey was conducted, a brief explanation was provided to the participants to ensure that they understood the study objectives and also how to fill in the questionnaires. Findings The results indicated that the surveyed classrooms had higher thermal environments than those specified in the well-known ASHRAE standard and Indonesian National Standard (SNI). However, this condition did not make respondents feel uncomfortable because a large proportion of respondents voted within the comfort zone (+1, 0, and −1). The predictive mean vote using the PMV model was higher than the respondents’ votes either by TSV or by TCV. There was a huge difference between neutral temperature using operative temperature (To) and air temperature (Ta). This difference may have been because of the small value of MRT recorded in the measured classrooms. Originality/value The research shows that the use of the PMV model in predicting thermal comfort in the tropic region might be misleading. This is because PMV mostly overestimates the TSV and TCV of the respondents. People in the tropic region are more tolerant to a higher temperature. On the basis of this finding, there is a need to develop a new thermal comfort model for university classrooms that is particularly optimal for this tropical area.

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PENGARUH BUKAAN SAMPING (CLERESTORY) TERHADAP KUALITAS KENYAMANAN TERMAL PADA FOOD CARNIVAL, MALL AEON BSD

Vitruvian ◽

10.22441/vitruvian.2019.v9i1.005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

Tathia Edra Swasti

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Thermal Comfort ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Effective Temperature ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Air Velocity ◽

Predicted Mean Vote ◽

Air Speed ◽

The Right

ABSTRAK Mall saat ini marak menggunakan clerestory sebagai salah satu upaya untuk penerangan alami pada siang hari. Namun, cahaya matahari pada sore hari (barat) akan menghasilkan cahaya matahari yang lebih panas dan silau dibandingkan cahaya matahari pada pagi hari (timur). Oleh karena itu, dengan pemakaian clerestory yang cukup besar pada bangunan, masalah panas tentu tak dapat dihindari. Begitu pula dengan glare yang berasal dari pantulan sinar matahari. Salah satu Mall yang menggunakan clerestory adalah Mall AEON BSD. Pengukuran suhu udara, temperatur efektif, kelembaban udara, kecepatan angin, PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) dan PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) dilaksanakan pada 4 waktu dengan 5 lokasi titik ukur yang memiliki kondisi berbeda untuk membuktikan bahwa clerestory dapat mempengaruhi kenyamanan termal. Disimpulkan bahwa titik 2 yaitu titik yang berdekatan dengan clerestory sisi kanan (ukurannya lebih kecil daripada clerestory sisi kiri) memiliki temperatur efektif dan kelembaban udara yang lebih rendah dari titik lain, dan kecepatan udara (dipengaruhi oleh hembusan AC) lebih tinggi dari titik lain. Responden merasa nyaman saat berada di titik tersebut.Titik paling nyaman menurut responden adalah titik 2 dengan TE rata-rata berkisar 27,4˚C, kelembaban udara rata-rata berkisar 52,2%, kecepatan udara rata-rata berkisar 0,15 m/s, PMV berkisar 0,5 dan PPD berkisar 12,7%. Dengan begitu semakin kecil ukuran skylight terbukti mempengaruhi kenyamanan termal dan membuat kenyamanan termal dapat tercapai. Kata Kunci: Mall, Clerestory, PMV, PPD, Kenyamanan Termal ABSTRACT Nowadays mall is decorated with clerestory as an effort to lighten naturally during the day. However, sunlight in the afternoon (west) will produce more sunlight and glare than sunlight in the morning (east). Therefore, with the use of a fairly large clerestory in buildings, the problem of heat certainly can not be avoided. Similarly, glare that comes from the reflection of sunlight. One of the malls that use clerestory is BSD AEON Mall. Measurement of air temperature, effective temperature, air humidity, wind speed, PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) carried out at 4 times within 5 measuring spots that have different conditions, proving that clerestory can affect thermal comfort. It was concluded that point 2, which is the point adjacent to the right side clerestory (smaller in size than the left side clerestory) has an effective temperature and lower air humidity than other points, and air velocity (affected by blowing AC) is higher than other points. Respondents felt comfortable when they were at that point. The most comfortable point according to respondents was point 2 with TE averaging around 27.4˚C, air humidity averaged 52.2%, the average air speed ranged from 0.15 m / s, PMV ranges from 0.5 and PPD ranges from 12.7%. Thus, the smaller size of the clerestory is affecting thermal comfort and thermal comfort can be achieved. Keywords: Mall, Clerestory, PMV, PPD, Thermal Comfort

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Theoretical Study on the Relationship of Building Thermal Insulation with Indoor Thermal Comfort Based on APMV Index and Energy Consumption of Rural Residential Buildings

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11188565 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (18) ◽

pp. 8565

Author(s):

Jinzhe Nie ◽

Yuxin Pang ◽

Congcong Wang ◽

Han Zhang ◽

Kuichao Yin

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Field Investigation ◽

Energy And Environment ◽

Indoor Thermal Comfort ◽

Adaptive Thermal Comfort ◽

Insulation Thickness ◽

The Relationship

In the field investigation of rural dwellings, it was found that thermal feelings are significantly different with varied envelopes even under the same indoor air temperature, and this paper explores the phenomenon in simulation. Based on building thermal investigations in several villages of North China, a typical energy and environment simulation model for rural residences was developed using DeST, and the hourly parameters of temperature and humidity were used to calculate the adaptive thermal comfort (APMV) of the rooms. The results show that the main reason for the different thermal comfort at the same air temperature is the large difference in the inner surface temperature. By adjusting the insulation thickness of the envelope structure, the relationship between it and the APMV value is obtained. By adjusting the insulation thickness of the enclosure structure and getting the correlation between it and the APMV value, it is obtained that when the heat transfer coefficient of the enclosure structure meets 0.5 W/ (m2−K), the indoors can be in thermal comfort. This paper considers that the indoor air temperature cannot represent the APMV to evaluate the indoor thermal comfort, and the APMV value should be used to evaluate the thermal comfort of the renovated building and calculate the corresponding energy saving rate.

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